| 词条 | Satakarni |
| 释义 |
| image = Coin of Satkarni.jpg | caption = Early coin of Satakarni | succession = Satavahana King | reign = 1st century BCE | predecessor = Kanha | successor = Vedasri Satisiri | spouse = Nayanika (Naganika) | issue = Vedistri Satisisri | dynasty = Satavahana | father = Simuka }}Satakarni (also called Sātakarnī I) was the third of the Satavahana kings, who ruled the Deccan region of India. His reign is generally dated to 70-60 BCE,[1] although some authors have claimed 187-177 BCE.[2] BiographyAccording to the Puranas, the Satavahana king Simuka was succeeded by his brother Krishna (also known as Kanha). According to Matsya Purana, Krishna was succeeded by Mallakarni, but according to other Puranas, he was succeeded by Satakarni. The Nanaghat cave inscription of Satakarni lists his family members: it mentions Simuka's name, but not that of Krishna. Based on this, multiple historians conclude that Satakarni was Simuka's son, and succeeded Krishna. G. V. Rao, however, believes that the inscription is that of a different king Satakarni II; Simuka is mentioned in the inscription as the founder of the dynasty.[3]{{sfn|Raychaudhuri|2006|p=346}} According to the Matsya Purana, Satakarni enjoyed a long reign of about 56 years.{{sfn|Singh|2008|p=382}} He seems to have conquered Western Malwa{{sfn|Singh|2008|p=382}} region from the Shungas.{{Sfn|Rao|1994|p=11}} Naneghat inscriptionHe married Nayanika (Naganika), daughter of the Maharathi Tranakayiro Kalalaya, scion of the Amgiya (Ambhiya) family.{{sfn|Raychaudhuri|2006|p=346}} She wrote the Naneghat inscription, in which she describes Satakarni as "Lord of Dakshinapatha, wielder of the unchecked wheel of Sovereignty".{{sfn|Singh|2008|p=382}} The Naneghat inscription of Naganika suggests that Satakarni performed two horse sacrifices (Aswamedha), to proclaim his sovereignty.[4] Encounter with KharavelaThe Hathigumpha inscription of the Kalinga king Kharavela mentions a king named "Satakani" or "Satakamini", who is identified with Satakarni. The inscription describes dispatching of an army and Kharavela's threat to a city variously interpreted as "Masika" (Masikanagara), "Musika" (Musikanagara) or "Asika" (Asikanagara). NK Sahu identifies Asika as the capital of Assaka janapada.[4]{{rp|127}} According to historian Ajay Mitra Shastri, Asika-nagara was located in the present-day Adam village in the Nagpur district, where a seal mentioning the Assaka has been found.[5][6] {{quote|"And in the second year (he), disregarding Satakamini, dispatches to the western regions an army strong in cavalry, elephants, infantry (nara) and chariots (ratha) and by that army having reached the Kanha-bemna, he throws the city of the Musikas into consternation."|Hathigumpha inscription[7]}}The inscription also mentions a river, variously identified with Krishna or with the combined flow of Kanha-Wainganga.[8] Since the inscription is only partially legible, different scholars interpret the events described in the inscription differently.
SuccessionHe was succeeded by his two young sons Vedasri (Khandasiri or Skandasri) and Sakti-Sri (Sati Sirimata) or Haku-Siri, under the regency of their mother Nayanika.{{sfn|Raychaudhuri|2006|p=346}} Notes{{Satavahana}}1. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=MBuPx1rdGYIC&pg=PA166 |title=Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History |editor=Susan E. Alcock |chapter=On the edge of empire: form and substance in the Satavahana dynasty |author=Carla M. Sinopoli |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2001 |pages=166–168 }} 2. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=ZXwcAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA16 |title=Ajanta Paintings: 86 Panels of Jatakas and Other Themes |author=Rajesh Kumar Singh |publisher=Hari Sena |year=2013 |isbn=9788192510750 |pages=15–16 }} 3. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=78I5lDHU2jQC&pg=PA37 |title=Some Early Dynasties of South India |author=Sudhakar Chattopadhyaya |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=1974 |pages=17–56 }} 4. ^{{cite book |author1=N. K. Sahu |author2=Kharavela (King of Kalinga) |title=Khâravela |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlMhAAAAMAAJ |year=1984 |publisher=Orissa State Museum}} 5. ^{{cite book |author=Ajay Mitra Shastri |title=The Sātavāhanas and the Western Kshatrapas: a historical framework |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S0puAAAAMAAJ |year=1998 |publisher=Dattsons |isbn=978-81-7192-031-0 |page=56 }} 6. ^{{cite book |author1=Inguva Karthikeya Sarma |author2=J. Vara Prasada Rao |title=Early Brāhmī Inscriptions from Sannati |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JDsaAAAAYAAJ |date=1 January 1993 |publisher=Harman Publishing House |isbn=978-81-85151-68-7 |page=68 }} 7. ^Epigraphia Indica, Vol. XX 8. ^{{cite book |author1=Hasmukhlal Dhirajlal Sankalia |author2=Bhaskar Chatterjee |author3=Rabin Dev Choudhury |author4=Mandira Bhattacharyya |author5=Shri Bhagwan Singh |title=History and archaeology: Prof. H.D. Sankalia felicitation volume |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uFg8AAAAMAAJ |year=1989 |publisher=Ramanand Vidya Bhawan |page=332 }} 9. ^John Marshall, "A guide to Sanchi", [https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.459148 p.48] 10. ^Indian Numismatic Studies K. D. Bajpai [https://books.google.com/books?id=chGrJUMarHoC&pg=PA115 p.115] 11. ^{{cite book |author=Sailendra Nath Sen |title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA176 |year=1999 |publisher=New Age International |isbn=978-81-224-1198-0 |pages=176–177 }} 12. ^{{cite book |title=Proceedings of the Leyden International Oriental Congress for 1883 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=womFcFAtU7MC&pg=PA144 |year=1885 |author=Bhagwanlal Indraji |chapter=The Hâtigumphâ and three other inscriptions in the Udayagiri caves near Cuttack |pages=144–180 }} 13. ^1 {{cite book |author=Sudhakar Chattopadhyaya |title=Some Early Dynasties of South India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=78I5lDHU2jQC&pg=PA41 |year=1974 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-2941-1 |pages=41–45 }} 14. ^{{cite book |author=Alain Daniélou |title=A Brief History of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kwnv3I6qIosC&pg=PA139 |date=11 February 2003 |publisher=Inner Traditions / Bear & Co |isbn=978-1-59477-794-3 |pages=139–141}} References
4 : Satavahana dynasty|1st-century BC Indian monarchs|Year of death unknown|Year of birth unknown |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。