词条 | Encinitas, California |
释义 |
|name = Encinitas, California |settlement_type = City |official_name = City of Encinitas |image_skyline = MoonlightBeach EncinitasCA.jpg |imagesize = 300px |image_caption = Aerial view of part of old town Encinitas showing Moonlight Beach on the left. Parallel with the shore is Historic Coast Highway 101, also parallel and further inland is Interstate 5 |image_seal = Seal of Encinitas, California.png |image_map = File:San Diego County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Encinitas Highlighted 0622678.svg |mapsize = 250x200px |map_caption = Location of Encinitas in San Diego County, California. |pushpin_map = USA |pushpin_map_caption = Location in the United States | pushpin_relief = 1 |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{USA}} |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = {{flag|California}} |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = San Diego |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Catherine S. Blakespear[1] |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = October 1, 1986[2] |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = [3] | area_total_sq_mi = 19.99 | area_land_sq_mi = 18.81 | area_water_sq_mi = 1.18 | area_total_km2 = 51.77 | area_land_km2 = 48.72 | area_water_km2 = 3.05 | area_water_percent = 5.89 |elevation_footnotes = [4] |elevation_ft = 82 |elevation_m = 25 |coordinates = {{coord|33|2|40|N|117|16|18|W|region:US-CA|display=inline,title}} |population_as_of = 2010 |population_footnotes = [5] |population_total = 59518 |pop_est_as_of = 2016 |pop_est_footnotes = [6] |population_est = 63131 |population_density_km2 = 1295.73 |population_demonym = Encinitan |timezone = Pacific |utc_offset = -8 |timezone_DST = PDT |utc_offset_DST = -7 |postal_code_type = ZIP codes |postal_code = 92007, 92023, 92024 |area_code_type = Area codes |area_code = 442/760 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = {{FIPS|06|22678}} |blank1_name = GNIS feature IDs |blank1_info = {{GNIS 4|1652705}}, {{GNIS 4|2410440}} |website = {{URL|www.cityofencinitas.org}} |population_density_sq_mi = 3355.89 }} Encinitas is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California. Located within Southern California, it is approximately {{convert|25|mi|km|0}} north of San Diego and about {{convert|95|mi|km|0}} south of Los Angeles. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 59,518, up from 58,014 at the 2000 census. HistoryEncinitas is a Spanish name meaning "little oaks".[6] The city was incorporated by 69.3% of the voters in 1986 from the communities of historic Encinitas, new Encinitas (Village Park, etc.), Leucadia, Cardiff-by-the-Sea, and Olivenhain.[7][8] The communities retain their identities and distinctive flavors. CommunitiesEncinitas can be divided into five areas:
GeographyEncinitas is located at {{Coord|33|2|40|N|117|16|18|W|type:city}}.[9] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|20.0|sqmi|km2}}. {{convert|18.8|sqmi|km2}} of it is land and {{convert|1.2|sqmi|km2}} of it (5.89%) is water. The city's elevation ranges between sea level and {{convert|180|ft|m}} above sea level. Encinitas lies on rugged coastal terrain. The city is bisected by a low-lying coastal ridge that separates New and Old Encinitas. In the north of the city, the coast rises in elevation and the land is raised up in the form of many coastal bluffs. The city is surrounded by Batiquitos Lagoon and San Elijo Lagoon to the north and south, respectively. ClimateEncinitas has a very mild, Mediterranean climate. Average daily high temperature is {{convert|72|F|C}}. Temperatures below {{convert|40|F|C}} and above {{convert|85|F|C}} are rare. Average rainfall is about {{convert|10|inch|mm}} per year. The wet season lasts during the winter and spring, when temperatures are usually cool. Average daytime temperatures hit 65F in winter and spring, when rain and marine layer (fog) are common (May Gray/June Gloom). Nighttime lows range from 45-55F. The dry season lasts from summer through fall, with average daytime temperatures ranging from 75-85F, and nighttime lows being from the upper 50s–60sF. Ocean water temperatures average 60F in winter, 64F in spring, 70F in summer, and 66F in fall. In winter, strong Pacific storms can bring heavy rain. During the winter of 2015-2016, the area saw rounds of severe thunderstorms. Tornados touched down nearby. Demographics{{US Census population|1960= 2786 |1970= 5375 |1980= 10796 |1990= 55386 |2000= 58014 |2010= 59518 |estyear=2016 |estimate=63131 |estref=[10] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[11] }} 2010The 2010 United States Census[12] reported that Encinitas had a population of 59,518. The population density was 2,977.5 people per square mile (1,149.6/km²). The racial makeup of Encinitas was 51,067 (85.8%) White, 361 (0.6%) African American, 301 (0.5%) Native American, 2,323 (3.9%) Asian, 91 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 3,339 (5.6%) from other races, and 2,036 (3.4%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8,138 persons (13.7%). The Census reported that 58,990 people (99.1% of the population) lived in households, 123 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 405 (0.7%) were institutionalized. There were 24,082 households, out of which 6,997 (29.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 12,113 (50.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,950 (8.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 981 (4.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,359 (5.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 169 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 6,303 households (26.2%) were made up of individuals and 2,118 (8.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45. There were 15,044 families (62.5% of all households); the average family size was 2.98. The population was spread out with 12,285 people (20.6%) under the age of 18, 3,767 people (6.3%) aged 18 to 24, 16,584 people (27.9%) aged 25 to 44, 19,239 people (32.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 7,643 people (12.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males. Females comprise the majority of Encinitas' population at 50.5% as of April 2010.[13] There were 25,740 housing units at an average density of 1,287.7 per square mile (497.2/km²), of which 15,187 (63.1%) were owner-occupied, and 8,895 (36.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.0%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.3%. 39,101 people (65.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,889 people (33.4%) lived in rental housing units. 2000As of the census[14] of 2000, there were 58,014 people, 22,830 households, and 14,291 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,035.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,172.1/km²). There were 23,843 housing units at an average density of 1,247.6 per square mile (481.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 86.60% White, 0.59% Black or African American, 0.46% Native American, 3.10% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 6.28% from other races, and 2.85% from two or more races. 14.80% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 22,830 households out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4% were non-families. 25.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.06. In the city, the population was spread out with 23.1% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 33.4% from 25 to 44, 25.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.3 males. The median income for a household in the city was $63,954, and the median income for a family was $78,104. Males had a median income of $51,132 versus $38,606 for females. The per capita income for the city was $34,336. About 3.8% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over. Arts and cultureEncinitas Ballet. Encinitas Ballet is an exceptional classical ballet studio in Encinitas. It was established in 2008 by Sayat Asatryan, former principal dancer of the Kremlin Ballet Theatre, and Olga Tchekachova, former soloist of the Mariinsky Ballet II. Regular events
Surfing Madonna{{Main|Surfing Madonna}}In 2011 Mark Patterson and Robert Nichols illegally installed a {{convert|10|x|10|ft|m|sigfig=1}} mosaic of a surfing Virgin de Guadalupe on the north concrete support wall of the train bridge on Encinitas Boulevard, leading to a battle over whether it should be removed or preserved. It was named "the Surfing Madonna" by the media and public.[23][24] Museums and other points of interestThe Lux Art Institute, San Dieguito Heritage Museum, and [https://encinitashistoricalsociety.org/ Encinitas Historical Society] are located in Encinitas. Other points of interest include the San Diego Botanic Garden, Self-Realization Fellowship temple and Hermitage, as well as the gardens which are routinely open to the public, the historic La Paloma Theater, Moonlight Beach, and one of California's classic downtown areas along historic Coast Highway 101. Surfing is a popular activity in Encinitas, particularly at Swami's, which is rated in the top 5 surf locations in the world, and is mentioned in a verse of The Beach Boys' song "Surfin' U.S.A." A bronze statue "Humanity" was installed at J Street Overview in 2018. Sculptress is Maidy Morhous. Donors are Sue & Jay Vicory.{{cn|date=March 2019}} Manchester Reserve is great for nature walk and light hiking. Cardiff Kook - Magic Carpet Ride{{Main|Cardiff Kook}}The Magic Carpet Ride, or more affectionately known by Encinitas locals as the Cardiff Kook, is a 16 ft bronze statue located in Cardiff-by-the-Sea, in the city of Encinitas. The San Diego Architectural Foundation, in its annual "Orchids & Onions" awards for the best and worst architecture of the year, awarded the Kook an Onion in 2007. The nickname comes from a derogatory surfer slang term for a "wannabe" surfer, as surfers in the area realized that the statue's form whilst "surfing" was far from correct. However, the Kook has become a local favorite in the city and has many wonderful traditions associated with it. At various times during the year, the Kook is "vandalized" and dressed up (wearing a lucha libre mask, being eaten by a paper-mache shark, wearing a full Uncle Sam costume for Independence Day, used by local high school students to ask each other to school dances) bringing local flair and tourists constantly to the statue. EconomySince 1982, the Encinitas 101 Main Street Association has helped keep downtown Encinitas economically viable yet historic & beachy. Downtown Encinitas is vibrant and full of thriving local salons, restaurants, shops, bars, and art galleries.[25] Downtown Encinitas is home to Hansens Surf Shop - San Diego's oldest and largest shop. It opened in 1961 and occupies over 20,000 square feet of retail space.[26] Encinitas station provides rail service to the city, and is also home to a local Farmer's Market. Coaster trains stop here multiple times a day, 7 days a week with service from Oceanside to San Diego. Between 2013 and 2017, Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner also stopped here, but discontinued this stop due to low ridership.[27]GovernmentThe city is currently governed by a five-member city council, elected at-large to staggered four-year terms at two-year intervals, with a mayor chosen by, and from, the city council members. In elections held in November 2012, Encinitas voted yes on ballot measures to allow them to directly elect its mayor, with term lengths of two years, rather than the mayor being chosen by members of the city council, for one year terms. The first such direct election for mayor took place in 2014. The city has been repeatedly sued over policies which are allegedly aimed at undermining state affordable housing laws.[28] State and federal representationIn the California State Legislature, Encinitas is in {{Representative|casd|36|fmt=sdistrict}}, and in {{Representative|caad|76|fmt=adistrict}}.[29] In the United States House of Representatives, Encinitas is in California's 49th congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of R +4[30] and is represented by {{Representative|cacd|49|fmt=pfl}}.[31] EducationSchool districts
Visual Art schools
Colleges
High schools
Middle schools
Elementary schools
Notable peopleCurrent residents
Former residents
Sister citiesAmakusa City, JapanReferences1. ^{{Cite web | url = http://www.encinitasca.gov/index.aspx?page=156 | title = City of Encinitas: City Council and Mayor | publisher = City of Encinitas | accessdate = December 14, 2016}} 2. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc |title=California Cities by Incorporation Date |format=Word |publisher=California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions |accessdate=August 25, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103002921/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc |archivedate=November 3, 2014 |df=mdy }} 3. ^{{cite web|title=2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2016_Gazetteer/2016_gaz_place_06.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Jul 19, 2017}} 4. ^{{Cite GNIS|1652705|Encinitas|accessdate=November 2, 2014}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0622678.html|title=Encinitas (city) QuickFacts|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=April 18, 2015}} 6. ^{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA119#v=onepage&q&f=false | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=119}} 7. ^{{cite news|url=https://patch.com/california/encinitas/bp--tale-of-incorporation-how-encinitas-became-an-entbb68f73768|title=Tale of Incorporation: How Encinitas Became an Entity Onto Itself 25 Years Ago|last=Andreen|first=Mike|date=August 16, 2011|work=Encinitas Patch|accessdate=29 July 2018}} 8. ^{{cite book |title=Legendary Locals of Encinitas |year=2012 |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |isbn=9781467100090 |page=35 }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|archivedate=May 12, 2015|df=mdy}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0622678|title=2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – Encinitas city|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=July 12, 2014}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/encinitascitycalifornia/INC110215#viewtop|title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Encinitas city, California|author=|date=|website=www.census.gov|accessdate=March 29, 2018}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df=mdy }} 15. ^http://www.encinitas101.com/events/annual-aprilstreetfair/ 16. ^1 sdheritage.org 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.eeday.org |title=Encinitas Environmental Day |accessdate=December 21, 2012}} 18. ^http://www.encinitas101.com/events/fall-festival/ 19. ^http://www.encinitas101.com/events/rods-woodies-classic-car-show/ 20. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.delmartimes.net/our-columns/sd-cm-nc-auto-matters-20180928-htmlstory.html|title=AutoMatters & More: Wavecrest 2018 – the world’s largest & longest-running gathering of woodie vehicles|last=Wagner|first=Jan|website=delmartimes.net|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-18}} 21. ^http://www.encinitas101.com/events/wellness-week/ 22. ^{{cite web|title=Switchfoot Bro-Am|url=http://broam.org}} 23. ^Surfing Madonna mosaic draws mass following. Associated Press. BakersfieldNow.com. June 7, 2011. 24. ^Surfing Madonna mosaic in Southern California draws mass following. Julie Watson. Associated Press. Oakland Tribune. June 7, 2011. The Surfing Madonna – more correctly known as the "Save the Ocean Mosaic" is now re-installed on the wall of Cafe Ipe at the corner of Jasper Street and Pacific Coast Highway in Leucadia, CA 92024 25. ^{{cite web|title=Main Street Association|url=https://encinitas101.com/down_town_mainstreet_association/|website=Encinitas101}} 26. ^{{cite web|title=History of Hansens|url=http://www.hansensurf.com/pages/shop-encinitas-california|website=Hansen Surf}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/communities/north-county/sd-no-train-service-20170918-story.html|title=Amtrak to discontinue two stops, add one|last=Diehl|first=Phil|publisher=San Diego Union Tribune|date=September 21, 2017|accessdate=September 30, 2017}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.voiceofsandiego.org/topics/government/years-of-defying-state-affordable-housing-law-gets-encinitas-sued-again|title=Encinitas Sued for Defying Affordable Housing Law, Again|author=|date=March 9, 2016|website=voiceofsandiego.org|accessdate=March 29, 2018}} 29. ^{{Cite web |url=http://statewidedatabase.org/gis/gis2011/index_2011.html |title=Statewide Database |publisher=UC Regents |accessdate=November 20, 2014}} 30. ^{{cite web | title = Partisan Voting Index Districts of the 113th Congress: 2004 & 2008 | publisher = The Cook Political Report | url=http://cookpolitical.com/application/writable/uploads/2012_PVI_by_District.pdf | accessdate = January 5, 2012}} 31. ^{{Cite GovTrack|CA|49}} 32. ^{{cite web|last=Winkley|first=Lyndsay|title=Encinitas home of famous online gamer 'DrDisRespect' shot at with BB gun|url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/public-safety/sd-me-twitch-shooting-20180911-story.html|publisher=The San Diego Union-Tribune|accessdate=2018-09-11|date=2018-09-11|df=mdy-all}} 33. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.maryfleener.com/bio/index.html|title=Mary Fleener ~ Bio|website=www.maryfleener.com|access-date=2017-06-18}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://switchfoot.com/contributor/tim-foreman/|title=Tim Foreman - Switchfoot|author=|date=November 17, 2015|website=switchfoot.com|accessdate=March 29, 2018}} 35. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.athletepromotions.com/speaker/rune-glifberg.php |title=Rune Glifberg Speaker Profile |author= |website=Athlete Promotions |publisher=AthletePromotions |access-date=October 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170718185921/https://www.athletepromotions.com/speaker/rune-glifberg.php |archive-date=July 18, 2017}} 36. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.mcgillsskateshop.com/about-mike-mcgill|title=About Mike McGill|last=mcgillsskateshop|website=mcgillsskateshop|language=en|access-date=2018-10-17}} 37. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.jeremymcgrath2.com/bio/|title=Jeremy McGrath Bio|website=www.jeremymcgrath2.com|access-date=2018-10-17 |dead-url=yes}} 38. ^{{Cite news| issn = 0458-3035| last = Press| first = From Associated| title = Jerry Buss Shopping, Has Eyes on S.D. Padres| work = Los Angeles Times| accessdate = 2019-01-31| date = 1989-10-18| url = http://articles.latimes.com/1989-10-18/sports/sp-435_1_owner-jerry-buss}} 39. ^{{Cite web| last = Zeigler| first = Mark| title = Not the retiring type| work = sandiegouniontribune.com| accessdate = 2019-01-31| date = 2009-06-06| url = https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut-1s6chang015939-not-retiring-type-2009jun06-story.html}} 40. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/19/arts/design/19farber.html|title=Manny Farber, Iconoclastic Film Critic and Artist, Dies at 91|last=Grimes|first=William|date=2008-08-19|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-02-03|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} 41. ^{{cite news|first=Mike|last=Barnes|title=Actress Bobbi Jordan Dies at 75, She had a stint on "General Hospital" in the 1970s and appeared in the Lucille Ball musical "Mame." |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/bobbi-jordan-general-hospital-dies-393923 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |publisher= |date=November 26, 2012 |accessdate=December 8, 2012}} 42. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0552399/|title=Hugh Martin|website=IMDb|access-date=2017-06-19}} 43. ^{{cite web|title=Indian sitar maestro Ravi Shankar dies|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-india-20690632|publisher=BBC News}} 44. ^ 45. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.ncaa.com/news/baseball/article/2018-02-13/dii-baseball-former-cy-young-winner-jack-mcdowell-begins-new-era|title=DII baseball: Former Cy Young winner Jack McDowell begins a new era at Queens (NC) {{!}} NCAA.com|date=2018-02-13|work=NCAA.com|access-date=2018-10-17|language=en}} External links{{Portal|San Diego County}}{{wikivoyage|Encinitas}}
8 : Encinitas, California|Cities in San Diego County, California|North County (San Diego County)|Populated coastal places in California|San Diego metropolitan area|Incorporated cities and towns in California|Populated places established in 1986|1986 establishments in California |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。