| 词条 | Saxifraga stellaris |
| 释义 |
| name = Saxifraga stellaris | image = Saxifraga stellaris subsp stellaris.jpg | image_caption = S. stellaris subsp. stellaris | regnum = Plantae | unranked_divisio = Angiosperms | unranked_classis = Eudicots | unranked_ordo = Core eudicots | ordo = Saxifragales | familia = Saxifragaceae | genus = Saxifraga | sectio = S. sect. Micranthes | species = S. stellaris | binomial = Saxifraga stellaris | binomial_authority = L. | subdivision_ranks = Subspecies | subdivision =
| synonyms = Micranthes stellaris (L.) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano | synonyms_ref = [1] }} Saxifraga stellaris, the starry saxifrage or hairy kidney-wort, is an Arctic–alpine species of saxifrage.[1] It produces panicles of 5–10 white flowers on a stem up to {{convert|20|cm|abbr=on}} tall, rising from a basal leaf rosette. One subspecies is found from eastern Canada to Russia, including the British Isles, while another is found in the mountains of southern Europe. DescriptionSaxifraga stellaris grows as a leaf rosette, which produces a generally leafless stem up to {{convert|20|cm}} tall.[2] The leaves are toothed and somewhat fleshy, ovate or obovate, and without an obvious petiole.[1][3] They are typically {{convert|3|cm|abbr=on}} long (varying from {{convert|1|to|5|cm|1|disp=or}}), with a cuneate (wedge-shaped) base.[1][7][4]The flowers are borne in a loose panicle comprising 5–10 flowers;[1][2] each flower has deflexed sepals, surrounding five white petals, {{convert|3|-|6|mm}} long, with two yellow or red spots near the base.[1][2] The anthers are also red or yellow.[3] Flowers are borne from June to August.[1][3] The seeds are dark brown, glabrous, {{convert|0.6|-|0.8|mm|abbr=on}} long, and {{convert|0.3|-|0.4|mm|abbr=on}} wide. They are elliptic, ovoid or reniform in shape, with longitudinal ribs bearing spines.[5] S. stellaris has a chromosome number of 2n = 28.[2][7][5] Distribution and ecologySaxifraga stellaris has an Arctic–alpine distribution.[1] It is found from Baffin Island, Labrador and Greenland to Arctic Russia, including Iceland, Scandinavia and the British Isles.[3][6] Further south, it is found from the Sierra Nevada in southern Spain to the eastern Carpathians,[5][24] including lower ranges such as the Massif Central.[7]In the Arctic, S. stellaris may occur down to sea level. Within the British Isles, S. stellaris is abundant in North Wales, Northern England and Scotland, reaching the summit of Ben Nevis ({{convert|1344|m|disp=or|abbr=on}}), but is only found locally in Ireland.[2][3][28] Its southernmost stations in Great Britain are the slopes of Plynlimon and the Rheidol valley; it does not occur in the mountains of South Wales.[8] In the Vosges, it occurs around {{convert|3600|ft|abbr=on}}, but only rarely below {{convert|4300|-|4600|ft|abbr=on}} in the Swiss Alps.[9] In the Sierra Nevada of southern Spain, it lives at up to {{convert|3350|m|abbr=on}}.[7] Saxifraga stellaris lives in damp environments, such as wet flushes, beside streams or springs, or on wet rock ledges.[6][4][10] It is self-compatible, but its flowers are protandrous, and are usually pollinated by flies.[7]TaxonomySaxifraga stellaris was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum.[24][11] Linnaeus noted the species' occurrence in the mountains of Spitsbergen, Lapland, Switzerland, Styria and Westmorland.[11] The nominate subspecies, Saxifraga stellaris subsp. stellaris is the northern subspecies, occurring from Canada to Russia, including the British Isles.[24] The subspecies in the Alpide belt and other mountains in southern Europe is often called S. stellaris subsp. alpigena, but an older name has priority – S. stellaris subsp. robusta.[12] The name S. stellaris subsp. prolifera is used for plants from the south-eastern Alps which have few flowers but produce bulbils along the stems.[1][13]{{-}}References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite book |author=Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler & Karl Oswald |year=2005 |title=Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol |publisher=Oberösterreichische Landesmuseen |location=Linz |isbn=978-3-85474-140-4 |chapter=Steinbrechblütige / Saxifraganae |language=German |page=397}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |author=Clive A. Stace |year=2010 |title=New Flora of the British Isles |edition=3rd |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-70772-5 |page=130}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book |author=Heather Pardoe |year=1995 |title=Mountain Plants of the British Isles |series=British Plant Life |volume=4 |publisher=National Museums and Galleries of Wales |location=Cardiff |isbn=978-0-7200-0423-6 |page=44}} 4. ^1 {{cite book |editor=James Ferguson-Lees & Bruce Campbell |year=1978 |title=Mountains and Moorlands |series=The Natural History of Britain and Northern Europe |publisher=George Rainbird |isbn=978-0-340-22615-5 |page=104}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book |author=Vít Bojňanský & Agáta Fargašová |year=2007 |title=Atlas of Seeds and Fruits of Central and East-European Flora: The Carpathian Mountains Region |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-4020-5361-0 |page=239 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QSMe0qHGVaAC&pg=PA239}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |author=Luc Brouillet & Patrick E. Elvander |year=2009 |chapter=Micranthes stellaris (Linnaeus) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Milano. 146: 231. 2005 |page=57 |series=Flora of North America |volume=8 |title=Magnoliophyta: Paeoniaceae to Ericaceae |isbn=978-0-19-534026-6 |publisher=Oxford University Press |chapterurl=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250065880}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |author=Matthias Kropf, Hans P. Comes & Joachim W. Kadereit |year=2008 |title=Causes of the genetic architecture of south-west European high mountain disjuncts |journal=Plant Ecology & Diversity |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=217–228 |doi=10.1080/17550870802331938}} 8. ^{{cite book |author=J. L. Davies & D. P. Kirby |year=1994 |title=Cardiganshire County History: from the Earliest Times to the Coming of the Normans |volume= 1 |series=Cardiganshire County History |publisher=University of Wales Press |isbn=978-0-7083-1170-7 |page=74}} 9. ^{{cite book |author=Arthur Henfrey |year=1977 |origyear=1852 |title=The Vegetation of Europe |publisher=J. Van Voorst |location=London |series=Outlines of the Natural History of Europe |volume=1 |isbn=978-0-405-10397-1 |page=225 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oxyDMJiKhHAC&pg=PA225}} 10. ^1 {{cite book |author=Christopher David Preston, D. Pearman & Trevor D. Dines |year=2002 |title=New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora: an Atlas of the Vascular Plants of Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands |volume=1 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-851067-3 |chapter=Saxifraga stellaris (starry saxifrage) |chapterurl=http://www.brc.ac.uk/plantatlas/index.php?q=plant/saxifraga-stellaris}} 11. ^1 {{cite book |author=Carolus Linnaeus |year=1753 |title=Species Plantarum |language=Latin |chapter=[Saxifraga] stellaris |page=400 |chapterurl=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358106#page/412/mode/1up |publisher=Laurentius Salvius |location=Stockholm}} 12. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |author=Pablo Vargas |year=2003 |chapter=Saxifraga L. |series=Flora Ibérica |title=Ebenaceae–Saxifragaceae |volume=5 |edition=2nd |isbn=978-84-00-07641-2 |publisher=Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas |pages=170–171 |language=Spanish}} 13. ^{{cite thesis |author=Eva Schönbeck-Temesy |year=1954 |degree=Ph.D. |id=Sub auspiciis Praesidentis |publisher=University of Graz |title=Der Formenkreis von Saxifraga stellaris Linné |trans-title=The polytypic species Saxifraga stellaris Linné}} External links
6 : Saxifraga|Flora of Northern Europe|Flora of Subarctic America|Flora of Southwestern Europe|Alpine flora|Plants described in 1753 |
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