| 词条 | Scarus |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = Early Oligocene to Present[1] | image = Papegaaivis.JPG | image_caption = Scarus ferrugineus, terminal phase | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | classis = Actinopterygii | ordo = Perciformes | familia = Scaridae | genus = Scarus | genus_authority = Forsskål, 1775 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = about 52, see text }}Scarus is a genus of parrotfish. With 52 currently recognised extant species,[2] it is by far the largest genus in this group. The vast majority are found at reefs in the Indo-Pacific, but a small number of species are found in the warmer parts of the eastern Pacific and the western Atlantic, with a single species, Scarus hoefleri in the eastern Atlantic. Most are very colourful, and have strikingly different initial (males and females) and terminal (males only) phases. Adults of most species reach maximum lengths of between {{convert|30|and(-)|50|cm|in|abbr=on}}, but the rainbow parrotfish (Scarus guacamaia) can grow to lengths of {{convert|1.2|m|ft|abbr=on}}.[2] SpeciesThere are currently 52 recognised species in this genus:[2]
In political thoughtIn Cesare Ripa's Renaissance iconography, the scarus fish symbolised civil "Union," i.e. the joining together of individuals into a collective body. Plutarch had written that scarus fish "swim together in shoals and ingeniously and heroically free each other when caught in a net." The scarus thus "denoted reciprocal assistance in the fight for survival."[3] GalleryNotes{{Commons category}}1. ^{{cite journal|last=Sepkoski |first=J.|title=A compendium of fossil marine animal genera|journal=Bulletins of American Paleontology|volume=364|pages=560|year=2002|url=http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class |id=|accessdate=25 December 2007}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q258514}}{{Perciformes-stub}}2. ^1 2 Froese, R. and D. Pauly, Eds. Scarus. FishBase. 2013. 3. ^1 Hont, I. Jealousy of Trade: International Competition and the Nation-State in Historical Perspective. Harvard UP: 2005, pp. 21-22. 6 : Scarus|Extant Rupelian first appearances|Marine fish genera|Taxa named by Peter Forsskål|Rupelian genus first appearances|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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