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词条 English National Party
释义

  1. The original ENP

     History  Performance 

  2. Other parties by the name

  3. References

{{for|a later party which went by the same name|English Democrats Party}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}{{Use British English|date=September 2017}}{{Infobox political party
| name = English Nationalist Party
| logo =
| leader = Frank Hansford-Miller
| foundation = 1966
| dissolved = c.1981
| position = Centre-right
| ideology = English devolution
| headquarters =
| country = United Kingdom
}}

English National Party has been the name of various political parties of England, which have commonly called for a separate parliament for England.

The original ENP

History

The English National Party (ENP) was founded as the John Hampden New Freedom Party in 1966 by Frank Hansford-Miller. "John Hampden" was a reference to a leading parliamentarian from the English Civil War. In 1974, it was renamed the "English Nationalist Party".[1] It was defunct by 1981;[2] by this time, Hansford-Miller had left,[3] and he campaigned for the "Abolition of Rates Coalition" in the 1981 Greater London Council elections.[4]

The party's best known policy was advocating a devolved English parliament. Other policies included calling for the abolition of income tax, and an end to local authority housing. It was considered to be centre-right, and was not considered racist.[4]

Performance

The party contested the first 1974 general election as the John Hampden New Freedom Party,[5] the second 1974 and the 1979 general elections as the ENP.[6] Its best performance was in the second 1974 general election, where it fielded two candidates and secured 1,115 votes.[7] It achieved its greatest notability in April 1976 when it was joined by the Member of Parliament John Stonehouse, who had formerly represented the Labour Party and at the time was awaiting trial for fraud.[8] However, Stonehouse was convicted and left Parliament in August of that year,[9] and the party did not stand a candidate in the subsequent by-election.[10]

Other parties by the name

According to the far-right magazine Spearhead,[11] a group called the English National Party was one of the small far-right organisations that joined the National Front shortly after it was formed in 1967.[11][12]

There have been several parties which have adopted the "English National Party" name. These include a far right organisation formed by Raymond Shenton which contested the 1984 Enfield Southgate by-election;[13] a party founded in around 1995 by Christopher Nickerson,[14] which aimed for England to secede from the United Kingdom to support a sense of English national identity;[15] and a party founded by Robin Tilbrook and James Alden in 1999, with the aim of securing a devolved English Parliament,[16] which was later renamed the English Democrats Party in 2002, and then just the English Democrats in 2004.[17]

In April 1999, a group calling itself the "English National Party" was one of several different organizations which claimed responsibility for a nail-bomb attack in Brixton.[18] David Copeland, who admitted to carrying out the bombing, said that the claims of responsibility were by others "try to steal his glory."[19]

References

1. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=kgSJAAAAMAAJ&dq=Politico%27s+Guide+to+the+History+of+British+Political+Parties&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Frank+Hansford-Miller |title=Politico's guide to the history of British political parties |author=David Boothroyd |publisher=Politico's |date=2001 |page=87}}
2. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=eODYFUbjqIcC&pg=PA82#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Politipedia |author=Nick Inman |publisher=Harriman House Limited |date=2007 |page=82}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.johnhampden.org/The%20Patriot/55.pdf |title=Dr Frank Hansford-Miller MSc PhD FRGS FSS |work=The Patriot |date=Summer 2008 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727065731/http://www.johnhampden.org/The%20Patriot/55.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-27 |df= }}
4. ^1 {{cite book |url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=kgSJAAAAMAAJ&dq=Politico%27s+Guide+to+the+History+of+British+Political+Parties&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Frank+Hansford-Miller |title=Politico's guide to the history of British political parties |author=David Boothroyd |publisher=Politico's |date=2001 |page=88}}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |title=General Election Results 1885-1979 |work=election.demon.co.uk |at=General Election of 28 February 1974 (JHNFP)}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |title=General Election Results 1885-1979 |work=election.demon.co.uk |at=General Election of 10 October 1974 & General Election of 3 May 1979 (ENP)}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html |title=General Election Results 1885-1979 |work=election.demon.co.uk |at=General Election of 10 October (ENP)}}
8. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=8u7obxZ7MawC&lpg=PA197&pg=PA197#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Great Parliamentary Scandals |author1=Matthew Parris |author2=Kevin Maguire |publisher=Robson Bookes |page=197}}
9. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2011/jan/11/criminal-mps-expelled-from-commons |title=Criminal MPs: the five expelled from the Commons in the past 100 years |work=The Guardian |date=11 January 2011}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://by-elections.co.uk/76.html |title=1976 By Election Results |work=by-elections.co.uk |at=Walsall North |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314034528/http://by-elections.co.uk/76.html#walsall |archivedate=2012-03-14 |df= }}
11. ^1 {{cite book |url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=HIwGCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT69#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Cultures of Post-War British Fascism |editor1=Nigel Copsey |editor2=John E. Richardson |publisher=Routledge |page=69}}
12. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=AeTpAwAAQBAJ&lpg=PA436&ots=wvEt0IPNzj&pg=PA189#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=A History of British Elections Since 1689 |author1=Chris Cook |author2=John Stevenson |publisher=Routledge |date=2014 |page=189}}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.election.demon.co.uk/by1983.html |title=RESULTS OF BYELECTIONS IN THE 1983-87 PARLIAMENT |work=United Kingdom Election Results |at=ENFIELD, ENFIELD SOUTHGATE [30]}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1998/1102/110298.intl.intl.2.html |title=Teatime and Robin Hood: English Identity Crisis |work=Christian Science Monitor |date=2 November 1998}}
15. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/325861.stm |title=How English are you? |work=BBC News |date=22 April 1999}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://englishdemocrats.party/our-party/party-history/ |title=Party History: The History of the English Democrats by Robin Tilbrook |work=English Democrats |date=2 September 2015}}
17. ^{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=QbkhAQAAIAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22+english+national+party%22 |title=Searchlight, Issues 367-378 |work=Searchlight |date=2006}}
18. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/police-chiefs-reject-combat-18-threat-unlikely-1090261.html |title=Police chiefs reject Combat 18 threat unlikely |work=The Independent |date=29 April 1999}}
19. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2000/jul/01/uksecurity.sarahhall |title=Festering hate that turned quiet son into a murderer |work=The Guardian |date=1 July 2000}}
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6 : English nationalist parties|Political parties in England|1960s establishments in England|Defunct political parties in England|English nationalism|Far-right politics in England
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