| 词条 | Seamanite |
| 释义 |
| name = Seamanite | category = Borate minerals | boxwidth = 280px | boxbgcolor = | image = Seamanite-zr17a.jpg | imagesize = 260px | caption = Seamanite crystals on a rock sample (5 x 4 x 3 cm) | formula = Mn3[B(OH)4](PO4)(OH)2[1] | molweight = 372.64 g/mol[1] | strunz = 6.AC.65[1] | dana = 43.4.5.1[1] | system = Orthorhombic | class = Dipyramidal (mmm) H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m)[5] | symmetry = Pbnm | unit cell = a = 7.811 Å, b = 15.114 Å c = 6.691 Å, Z = 4 | color = yellow, yellow-brown, pink[2] | habit = acicular[1] | twinning = | cleavage = distinct on {001}[5] | fracture = brittle[1] | tenacity = brittle[5] | mohs = 4[2] | luster = vitreous[1] | polish = | refractive = nα = 1.640, nβ = 1.663, nγ = 1.665[13] | opticalprop = | birefringence = δ = 0.025[2] | 2V = ≈40°[3] | dispersion = weak[2] | pleochroism = | fluorescence= none[1] | absorption = | streak = white[1] | gravity = | density = 3.08–3.128 g/cm3[5] | melt = | fusibility = | diagnostic = | solubility = in cold, dilute acids[2] | diaphaneity = transparent[5] | other = | references = [4] }} Seamanite, named for discoverer Arthur E. Seaman, is a rare manganese boron phosphate mineral with formula Mn3[B(OH)4](PO4)(OH)2. The yellow to pink mineral occurs as small, needle-shaped crystals. It was first discovered in 1917 from a mine in Iron County, Michigan, United States and identified in 1930. {{As of|2012}}, seamanite is known from four sites in Michigan and South Australia. HistoryIn 1917, Arthur E. Seaman collected a mineral sample from the Chicagon Mine in Iron County, Michigan.{{#tag:ref|Some sources list it as the Chicagoan Mine[1]|group=lower-alpha|name=mine_name}} He correctly believed it to be a new mineral species based on a qualitative analysis of its composition by F. B. Wilson. World War I delayed further study of the mineral until 1929. A study in 1930 proved it to be a new mineral and named it seamanite in honor of Seaman. They cited his career as a professor of geology and mineralogy and his contributions to the field as reasons for the naming.[5] The original analysis of the mineral in 1930 suggested seamanite to be a hydrated salt.[6] However, in 1971, the mineral was determined to be the coordination compound Mn3[B(OH)4](PO4)(OH)2.[7] DescriptionSeamanite is a transparent, yellow to pink mineral that occurs as needle-shaped crystals.[1] Seamanite is a brittle mineral with a mohs hardness of 4.[2] It is found in the crevices of fractured siliceous rock.[5] The type occurrence was found in association with small crystals of calcite, thin coatings of manganese oxide,[5] and fibrous sussexite.[8] Seamanite has also been found with shigaite.[9] Distribution{{As of|2012}}, seamanite is known from four locations: the Cambria-Jackson Mine in Marquette County, Michigan, the Chicagon Mine and the Bengal Mine in Iron County, Michigan, and the Iron Monarch open cut in the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia.[2]The type material is stored at Michigan Technological University in Houghton, Michigan, and at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. as sample 96282.[4] CrystallographySeamanite is formed of acicular crystals elongated along [001] and showing the faces {110} and {111} up to one centimeter. It has an orthorhombic crystal system and the Pbnm space group. The parameters of its unit cell are: a=7.811 Å, b=15.114 Å, c=6.691 Å, Z=4 units per unit cell.[4] Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|title=Seamanite Mineral Data|url=http://www.webmineral.com/data/Seamanite.shtml |publisher=Webmineral |accessdate=April 13, 2012}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web|title=Seamanite|url=http://www.mindat.org/min-3599.html|publisher=Mindat|accessdate=April 13, 2012}} 3. ^1 Kraus, p. 222 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|title=Seamanite|url=http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/seamanite.pdf|work=Handbook of Mineralogy|publisher=Mineral Data Publishing|accessdate=April 13, 2012|format=PDF}} 5. ^1 2 Kraus, p. 220. 6. ^Kraus, p. 223–5 7. ^Moore, p. 1527. 8. ^Slawson, p. 575 9. ^{{cite web|title=Seamanite - Photo Gallery|url=http://www.mindat.org/gallery.php?cform_is_valid=1&min=3599&cf_pager_page=1|publisher=Mindat|accessdate=April 13, 2012}} References{{Reflist}}Bibliography
Further reading
External links{{commonscat-inline|Seamanite}} 4 : Borate minerals|Phosphate minerals|Manganese minerals|Orthorhombic minerals |
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