| 词条 | ENTAC |
| 释义 |
|is_missile=yes |image= |caption=Cut-away of an early Model 56 ENTAC missile |name=ENTAC |type=Anti-tank missile |origin=France |era=Cold War |launch_platform=individual |target= Vehicle, Fortification |manufacturer=DTAT & Aerospatiale |design_date=1950s |production_date=1957-1974 |service=1957 |used_by=(see below) |spec_type= |diameter=152 mm |wingspan=375 mm |length= 820 mm |weight= 12.2 kg |speed=100 m/s |vehicle_range= 400 m - 2 km |ceiling= |filling= 4 kg Hollow-charge capable of piercing 650 mm of RHA |detonation=nose fuse |engine=combination solid booster and sustainer |steering=trailing edge wing spoilers |guidance=MCLOS wire |variants= |number=140,000 }}{{externalimage |topic=DTAT/Aerospatiale ENTAC |width= |align=right |image1=Manufacture's Fact Sheet }} ENTAC (ENgin Téléguidé Anti-Char) or MGM-32A was a French MCLOS wire-guided Anti-tank missile. Developed in the early 1950s, the weapon entered service with the French army in 1957. Production ended in 1974 after approximately 140,000 had been built. DevelopmentThe missile was developed by the French Government agency - DTAT (Direction Technique des Armements Terrestres) at the same time as the private industry SS.10. Development time for the ENTAC was longer than the SS.10, so it did not enter service until 1957. It proved to be a great improvement over the SS.10, which had entered production five years earlier. Once fully developed and tested, production of the ENTAC was given to the firm of Aerospatiale. The ENTAC was designed to be a man-portable weapon or operated from a small vehicle like the Jeep, replacing the Nord SS.10 in French service. DesignThe missile is launched from a simple metal box, which is connected to an operator station. An individual operator station can control up to 10 launcher boxes. The operator manually steers the missile by means of a small joystick. These course corrections are transmitted to the missile via a thin set of wires that trail behind the missile - see MCLOS. Like many early ATGMs, the missile had a large minimum range (see AT-3 Sagger) due to the time it took to get up to flight speed and come under operator control. Operational historyAustraliaUsed from 1964 until 1982.[1] FranceThe missile first entered service in 1957. The ENTAC may have been used by France in small numbers during the 1960s and 1970s on peacekeeping operations.[2] IndiaENTAC missiles entered service in 1968 after being ordered a year prior. They may have been used against Pakistani tanks during the 1971 war.[2] IranOrdered in 1966 and delivered from 1966-1969. It remained in service after the 1979 Iranian revolution and was used against Iraqi tanks during the 1980-88 war.[3] IsraelEntered service in 1963 after being ordered the year before. It is likely that they were used during the 1967 Six-Day War against Arab tanks. LebanonOrdered in 1966 and entered service in 1967. These were deployed during the Lebanese Civil War and was used in street fighting, particularly during the early 1980s.[2] South AfricaFrench-made missiles were in the inventory, alongside locally manufactured licence-built missiles.[4] Having acquired some 500 examples by 1969,[5] expeditionary units of the South African Defence Force first deployed ENTACs against People's Armed Forces for the Liberation of Angola (FAPLA) and Cuban military advisers during Operation Savannah. The system was often mounted on unarmoured Land Rovers.[6] South African servicemen destroyed at least one FAPLA mortar position with their missiles in September 1975.[6] Two Angolan T-54/55 tanks were also eliminated by ENTAC crews, working in concert with Eland and Ratel-90 armoured cars, during Operation Askari, 1984.[2] United StatesThe US army purchased the Model 58 ENTAC with an improved warhead to replace the Nord SS.10 (or MGM-21A). It was designed to be an interim weapon, used as the BGM-71 TOW was being developed. The first missiles were deployed in 1963, that year the missile received the US designation MGM-32A. In US service the missile was based on the M151 Jeep and issued to the Anti-tank Platoon of the Heavy Weapons Company. In Korea (7th ID @ 1st CAV) it replaced the Scorpion tracked AT vehicle, a 90MM SP Gun which could not climb the hilly terrain as easily as the Jeep. Using extended cables missiles could be fired from defilade. The missile was phased out between 1968 and 1969, being replaced with the more advanced BGM-71 TOW. It was used in the Vietnam War against fortified infantry positions, but not enemy tanks. It was fired by the 14th Infantry Regiment, amongst others.[2] Models
OperatorsFormer operators
Notes1. ^Australian Government site {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208153651/http://www.defence.gov.au/dmo/news/ontarget/sept05/rw.cfm |date=8 February 2010 }} 2. ^Amin, Agha Humayun, "The Battle of Chamb-1971" "Defence Journal", September 1999. Retrieved: 24 December 2009. 3. ^ "Flightglobal", 1986. Retrieved: 24 December 2009. 4. ^{{cite thesis |first=Victor |last=Moukambi |date=December 2008 |title=RELATIONS BETWEEN SOUTH AFRICA AND FRANCE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MILITARY MATTERS, 1960-1990 |degree=Doctoral dissertation |publisher=Military Science, Stellenbosch University |location=Stellenbosch |pages=181-2 |url=http://scholar.sun.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10019.1/1228/moukambi_relations_2008.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y|accessdate=27 April 2017 |quote= manufacturing licences for ENTAC missiles, 400 kg aircraft bombs and [STRIM] anti-tank rifle grenades were also granted to South Africans. Source: DOD, SANDF Documentation Centre, Pretoria. File No. Map 70/15 Vol. 1, Licence agreements, Annexure 2 to MAP/70/15 dated December 1966. Subject: Armament policy}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 SIPRI Arms Transfers Database "Stockholm International Peace Research Institute". Retrieved: 24 December 2009. 6. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Steenkamp|first1=Willem|authorlink1=Willem Steenkamp|title=Borderstrike! South Africa into Angola. 1975-1980|year=2006|publisher=Just Done Productions Publishing|location=Durban, South Africa|isbn=978-1-920169-00-8|edition=3rd|url=http://www.justdone.co.za/shop/index.php?id_product=5&controller=product|accessdate=14 October 2014|publication-date = 1 March 2006|origyear = 1985|pages=38–200}} 7. ^Cecil, Michael. "REMEMBER WHEN.... WE GOT ATGWS?" "OnTarget", December 2007. Retrieved: 24 December 2009. 8. ^"Missile Forces of the World." "Flightglobal", 1977. Retrieved: 24 December 2009. 9. ^Zarzecki, Thomas W., Arms diffusion: the spread of military innovations in the international system, Routledge, c. 2002, {{ISBN|978-0-415-93514-2}} 10. ^1 2 3 4 Henson, Jason W."MGM-32 Entac ATGM." "Harpoon Head Quarters". Retrieved: 24 December 2009. 11. ^{{cite book|last=Nortje|first=Piet|title=32 Battalion |publisher=Zebra Press|year=2003|isbn=978-1-86872-914-2|page=98}} External links{{Commons|ENTAC}}
2 : Anti-tank missiles of France|Cold War weapons of the United States |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。