| 词条 | Senecio gallicus |
| 释义 |
|name = Senecio gallicus |image=Senecio gallicus.jpg |taxon = Senecio gallicus |authority = Chaix |synonyms = Senecio gallicus Vill.[1] Senecio alboranicus Maire Senecio difficilis Dufour Senecio exsquameus Brot.[2] |}}Senecio gallicus, an annual plant of the genus Senecio and family Asteraceae, is a species that colonizes isolated habitats with difficult environmental conditions. It is widespread across southern France and the Iberian Peninsula in deserts and xeric shrublands, on steppes and salty dry coastal plains. S. gallicus is playing a predominant role in shaping patterns of genetic structure by presenting models of historical associations among population rather than patterns of ongoing gene flow.[3] Common names
DescriptionSenecio gallicus has had more phylogenetic description because it is an exceptional species among halotypes with a known intraspecific phylogeographic structure which is also species specific.[5]Comparisons of allozyme and chloroplast variation in this species indicate that it persisted in Pleistocene coastal refugia during glaciation periods.[3]
Typical of the tenacious genus Senecio, the small shrub Azuzón de Alborán colonizes areas that could be described as disturbed and unstabilized as it does live where there is an accumulation of volcanic ashes and shell laden sand, historically perturbed by natural events and human activities.[6] Also typical, this species produces three generations of plants each year and is non-competitive; the middle generation of S. alboranicus shares its part of the island with Lavatera mauritanica and Anacyclus alboranensis. Atypical of the genus, this species is a halophile, growing in soils with a known high concentration of salt.[9] Azuzón de Alborán can be found growing at altitudes between {{convert|0|m|ft}} and {{convert|15|m|ft}}.[7] The restricted size of the island and the rarity of the habitat make azuzón de Alborán particularly vulnerable to changes. Climatic conditions (quantity and distribution of rain, soil salinity, etc.) and human activities[6] (the lighthouse was once manned);[7] there have been large fluctuations in the numbers of individuals each year. These fluctuations affect not only the number of individual plants but also their size and the number of flowers. The decline of this species could be caused by alterations generated by human presence (military occupancy, artificial environments, etc.) in addition to events like natural changes or biotic threats (competition, parasitism, diseases, etc.),[6] alterations which probably not coincidentally describe many of the conditions that occurred from the mapping those years.[9] Isla de Alborán is a protected area,[7] a marine park and an important ecological area for the Mediterranean and is especially protected by the Barcelona Convention.[10] Azuzón de Alborán is listed in Appendix I[11] of Bern Convention.[6] A permit is needed from the Ministry of Defence to visit Azuzón de Alborán on its island.[7] DistributionSpecimens of Senecio gallicus have been collected at altitudes of {{convert|15|m|ft|sigfig=1}}[7] and {{convert|1400|m|ft}}[1] above sea level.
Palearctic: Southwestern Europe: Alboran, Formentera, Ibiza, Italy, France, Monaco, Morocco, Portugal, Spain
Palearctic: Western Asia: Israel Southwestern Europe: Alboran, Formentera, Ibiza, Italy, France, Monaco, Morocco, Portugal, Sicily, Spain Middle Europe: Belgium North Europe: Sweden[2] Others
References1. ^1 {{cite journal | url = http://www.aluka.org/action/showCompilationPage?doi=10.5555/AL.AP.COMPILATION.PLANT-NAME-SPECIES.SENECIO.GALLICUS | title = Senecio gallicus Chaix [family COMPOSITAE] | accessdate = 2008-04-22 | author = Aluka | authorlink = Aluka | journal = African Plants | doi = 10.5555/AL.AP.COMPILATION.PLANT-NAME-SPECIES.SENECIO.GALLICUS | publisher = Ithaka Harbors, Inc| doi-broken-date = 2019-03-14 }} 2. ^1 {{cite web | url = http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/PTaxonDetail.asp?NameId=7000688&PTRefFk=7000000 | title = Details for: Senecio gallicus | accessdate = 2008-04-22 |author1=Botanic Garden |author2=Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem |lastauthoramp=yes | authorlink = Botanical Garden in Berlin | work = Euro+Med PlantBase | publisher = Freie Universität Berlin }} 3. ^1 {{cite journal | last =Thompson | first =John D | title =Population differentiation in Mediterranean plants: insights into colonization history and the evolution and conservation of endemic species | journal =Heredity | volume =82 | issue =3 | pages =229–236 | date =March 1999 | url =http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v82/n3/full/6885040a.html | accessdate = 2008-04-22 | doi =10.1038/sj.hdy.6885040 }} 4. ^{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archive-date=2015-01-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 5. ^{{cite journal | last =Comes | first =Hans Peter |author2=Richard J. Abbott | title =MOLECULAR PHYLOGEOGRAPHY, RETICULATION, AND LINEAGE SORTING IN MEDITERRANEAN SENECIO SECT. SENECIO (ASTERACEAE) | journal =Evolution | volume = 55 | issue = 10 | pages =1943–1962 | date =October 2001 | doi =10.1554/0014-3820(2001)055[1943:MPRALS]2.0.CO;2 | issn =0014-3820 | pmid=11761056}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/61626/all | title = Senecio alboranicus – Critically Endangered | accessdate = 2008-02-29 | last = Moreno Saiz | first = J.C. | authorlink = IUCN Red List | year = 2006 | work = 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web | url = http://www.andalucia.com/environment/protect/alboran.htm | title = Alborán Natural Area | accessdate = 2008-02-29 | work = Natural Parks - Almeria Province | publisher = Andalucia Com SL}} 8. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ayto-gijon.es/documentos/jba/Actividades/congreso/Union%20Pdf/La%20conserv%20de%20la%20flora%20en%20Albor%E1n_Juan%20F%20Mota.pdf | title = Diapositiva 1 | accessdate = 2008-02-29 | author = Juan F. Mota; M.Encarna Merlo; Ana J. Sola; M.Luisa Jiménez-Sánchez et Joaquín Valero |lastauthoramp=yes | authorlink = Universidad de Almería | publisher = Gijón City Council | language = es}} 9. ^1 {{cite book |author1=Juan F. Mota |author2=Antonio Mendoza |author3=Juan A. Garrido-Becerra |author4=Fabián Martínez-Hernández |author5=Ana J. Sola |author6=Joaquín Valero |author7=M. Luisa Jiménez-Sánchez | authorlink = Universidad de Almería | title = Capitulo VIII Tapiz viviente: La vegetación terrestre | url = http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/web/Bloques_Tematicos/Patrimonio_Natural._Uso_Y_Gestion/Espacios_Protegidos/Parajes_Naturales/Paraje_Natural_Isla_Alboran/VIII_la_vegetacion_terrestre.pdf | accessdate = 2008-02-29 | language = es | isbn = 978-84-96329-92-8}} 10. ^{{cite web | url = http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31997R0338:EN:HTML | title = Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 | accessdate = 2008-02-29 | author = Barcelona Convention | authorlink = Barcelona Convention | date = 1997-03-03 | work = Official Journal L 061 | pages = 0001–0069}} 11. ^{{cite web | url = http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/FR/Treaties/Html/104-1.htm | title = APPENDIX I / ANNEXE I | accessdate = 2008-02-29 | author = Council of Europe | authorlink = Council of Europe | date = 2002-03-01 | work = Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats}} 12. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.ville-ge.ch/cjb/bd/africa/details.php?langue=an&id=98633 | title = Senecio gallicus Chaix. record n° 98633 | accessdate = 2008-04-22 | work = African plants database | publisher = South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève and Tela Botanica. }} External links{{Wikispecies-inline|Senecio gallicus}}
3 : Flora of Spain|Senecio|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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