| 词条 | Adamawa State |
| 释义 |
| name = Adamawa State | official_name = État de Adamawa | settlement_type = State | nickname = Land of Beauty/ UBA | image_skyline = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Adamawa State.png | image_map = Nigeria - Adamawa.svg | map_caption = Location of Adamawa State in Nigeria | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Nigeria}} | seat_type = Capital | seat = Yola | leader_title = Governor | leader_name = Bindo Jibrilla (APC) | leader_title1 = Deputy Governor | leader_name1 = Martin Babale | leader_title2 = Senators | leader_name2 = Ahmad Abubakar Binta Masi Garba Abdulaziz Nyako | leader_title3 = Representatives | leader_name3 = List | established_title = Established | established_date = August 27, 1991 | area_total_km2 = 36917 | area_footnotes = | population_as_of = 2006 | population_note = | population_total = 3178950 | population_density_km2 = | timezone = GMT | utc_offset = +1 | coordinates = {{coord|9|20|N|12|30|E|region:NG|display=inline}} | blank_name_sec1 = GDP (2007) | blank_info_sec1 = $4.58 billion[1] | blank1_name_sec1 = GDP Per Capita | blank1_info_sec1 = $1,417[1] | blank2_name_sec1 = Official language | blank2_info_sec1 = | geocode = NG-AD | website = www.adamawastate.gov.ng | blank_name_sec2 = HDI (2016) | blank_info_sec2 = 0.429[2] · 24th of 36 | footnotes = }} Adamawa is a state in northeastern Nigeria, with its capital at Yola. In 1991, when Taraba State was carved out from Gongola State, the geographical entity Gongola State was renamed Adamawa State, with four administrative divisions: Adamawa, Ganye, Mubi and Numan. It is the home of the American University of Nigeria in Yola and Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola. It is one of the thirty-six states that constitute the Federal Republic of Nigeria. On May 14, 2013, President Goodluck Jonathan declared a state of emergency in Adamawa State, along with neighboring Borno State and Yobe State, due to the activities of Boko Haram.[3] GeographyAdamawa is one of the largest states of Nigeria and occupies about 36,917 square kilometres. It is bordered by the states of Borno to the northwest, Gombe to the west and Taraba to the southwest. Its eastern border forms the national eastern border with Cameroon. Topographically, it is a mountainous land crossed by the large river valleys – Benue, Gongola and Yedsarem. The valleys of the Mount Cameroon, Mandara Mountains and Adamawa Plateau form part of the landscape. EconomyThe major occupation of the people is farming as reflected in their two notable vegetational zones, the Sub-Sudan and Northern Guinea Savannah zones. Their cash crops are cotton and groundnuts while food crops include maize, yam, cassava, guinea corn, millet and rice. The village communities living on the banks of the rivers engage in fishing while the Fulanis are cattle rearers. The state has a network of roads linking all parts of the country. The development of many communities in the state can be traced to the colonial era when the Germans ruled a swath of territory known as the Northern and Southern Kameruns from Dikwa in the North to Victoria (Limbe) on the Atlantic coast in the 19th century. These were, however, handed over as United Nations Trust Territories to the British at the end of the World War I with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. After a series of referendums, the Northern Kameruns joined Nigeria to form the then Sardauna Province, and the Southern Kameruns formed a Confederation with French speaking Cameroon. Adamawa State is home to the headquarters of two indigenous churches, the Church of the Brethren in Nigeria (EYN Church) with its headquarters in Mubi in the northern zone of the state, and the Lutheran Church of Christ in Nigeria (LCCN Church) with headquarters in Numan in the southern zone of the state. The Church of the Brethren in Nigeria (EYN church) was founded in Garkida Gombi Local Government of the state in March 1923 by American missionaries. The Lutheran Church of Christ in Nigeria (LCCN Church) was founded in Numan by Dutch missionaries in 1913. History{{main article|Adamawa Emirate}}Before it became a state in Nigeria, Adamawa was a subordinate kingdom of the Sultanate of Sokoto which also included much of northern Cameroon. The rulers bear the title of emir ("{{lang|fub|lamido}}" in the local language, Fulfulde). The name "Adamawa" came from the founder of the kingdom, Modibo Adama, a regional leader of the Fulani Jihad organized by Usman dan Fodio of Sokoto in 1804. Modibo Adama came from the region of Gurin (now just a small village) and in 1806, received a green flag for leading the jihad in his native country. In the following years, Adama conquered many lands and tribes. In 1838, he moved his capital to Ribadu, and in 1839, to Joboliwo. In 1841, he founded Yola, where he died in 1848. After the European colonization (first by Germany and then by Britain), the rulers remained as emirs and the line of succession has continued to the present day. Emirs of AdamawaEmirs of Adamawa have included:
Impact of Islamist insurgencyAdamawa State has been impacted by the Islamist insurgency in Nigeria. As of November 30, 2014, the state has become home to camps housing an estimated 35,000 internally displaced persons fleeing violence from Boko Haram in locations such as Mubi, Madagali, Askira Uba, Bama and Gwoza in the states of Adamawa, Borno, and Yobe. In 2014, an estimate placed the number of internally displaced persons around Yola at 400,000.[4] In 2017, when jihadist Fulani herdsmen attacked Christians in Demsa, it was alleged that the government sent the airforce to bomb the defending Christians and protect the aggressors.[5] Organizations serving the community include the Adamawa Peace Initiative (API)- a group of business, religious, and community leaders- and the Adamawa Muslim Council. The United States Agency for International Development has pledged to provide continuing humanitarian assistance.[4] A measles outbreak was reported in the camps in January 2015.[6] Sites of interest
Local Government AreasAdamawa State consists of twenty-one Local Government Areas (LGAs): {{div col|colwidth=13em}}
Notable people
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.cgidd.com |publisher=Canback Dangel |title=C-GIDD (Canback Global Income Distribution Database) |accessdate=2008-08-20 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/665kvq69j?url=http://www.cgidd.com/ |archivedate=March 11, 2012 |deadurl=no |df= }} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2018_nigeria_finalfinalx3.pdf|title=National Human Development Report 2018|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 3. ^{{cite news |title=Nigeria declares 'massive' military campaign on borders |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-22544056 |accessdate=June 6, 2013 |publisher=BBC News |date=May 15, 2013}} 4. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201411210306.html |title=Nigeria: U.S., UK, American University Deliver Relief Materials to Adamawa Displaced Persons |date=November 20, 2014 |publisher=Channels Television}}{{subscription required}} 5. ^{{cite news |title=How Buhari sent Air Force to ‘bomb’ Christians in Adamawa – Fani-Kayode |url=http://dailypost.ng/2017/12/06/buhari-sent-air-force-bomb-christians-adamawa-fani-kayode/ |accessdate=28 December 2018 |publisher=Daily Post |date=6 December 2017}} 6. ^{{cite news |author=Mohammed Ismail |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201501160208.html |title=Nigeria: Adamawa IDPs' Camps Record Outbreak of Measles] |publisher=AllAfrica |date=January 16, 2015}} External links
4 : States and territories established in 1991|States of Nigeria|Adamawa State|1991 establishments in Nigeria |
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