| 词条 | Shah (surname) |
| 释义 |
The Shah surname is commonly adopted by the trade communities (The Banias/Vanias) which include the Jains and the Vaishnavas. It is used in Gujarat, Rajasthan while The word Sahu is used in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar (see Sahu Jain) and was widely used by the Jains even in Delhi/Haryana (see Nattal Sahu), Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, India. The Hindi word 'Sāhükārä', meaning banker, is derived from Sahu (Sanskrit "Sadhu") and kar (Sanskrit for doer).[3] Shah, a similar sounding last name, derived from the Persian word "Shah", is a surname found among the Iranian peoples of Central Asia, Afghanistan and parts of Pakistan who might have amalgamated with Indians during medieval times. Some muslims converted to Hinduism in Indian state of Gujarat and Pakistani Province of Sindh, but adopted their old Muslim surname.[4] HistoryThe word 'Shah' has been derived from Sanskrit Sadhu (meaning saint{{Citation needed|reason=The earlier citation from Shakespear Dictionary was wrong|date=November 2018}}) and Prakrit Sahu, while the actual spelling "Shah" in Western culture was popularized by the title of the former Persian King. As a result, especially in Western culture, use of the spelling "Shah" has become far more pronounced than the other variants.[5] The word Sadhu/Sahu is also separately used to indicate a Jain monk. See Namokar Mantra. In a sense, it maybe said that the surnames "Shah" and "Sahu" are variants of one another which have evolved from the word "sah" over time. Some people claim that in the Gujarat and Rajasthan region, the surname Shah derives from the vernacular sah (from Sanskrit Sadhu, "merchant"). The surname appears to have been altered under the influence of the Persian word for "king" (Shah) or its variants.{{cn|date=June 2015}} One early use of the title Sadhu occurs in an inscription on an AD 850 Parshvanth image in the Akota Bronzes.[6] In numerous 12-13th century inscriptions the shravaka who installed the image, is given the title "Sahu".[7] {{quote box|align=right|width=22em|quote = सं १५१० वर्षे माघ सुदी ८ सोमे गोपाचल दुर्गे तोमर वंशान्वये राजा श्री डूंगरेन्द्र देव राज्य पवित्रमाने श्री काष्ठासंघ माथुरान्वये भट्टारक श्री गुणकीर्ति देवास्तत्पट्टे श्री मलयकीर्ति देवास्ततो भट्टारक गुणभद्रदेव पंडितवर्य रइघू तदाम्नाये अग्रोतवंशे वासिलगोत्रे सकेलहा भार्या निवारी तयोः पुत्र विजयष्ट शाह ... साधु श्री माल्हा पुत्र संघातिपति देउताय पुत्र संघातिपति करमसीह श्री चन्द्रप्रभु जिनबिंब महाकाय प्रतिष्ठापित प्रणमति ..शुभम् भवतु .. |source = A Gwalior Fort Inscription 1453[8]{{Dead link|date=November 2018}} }} For example:
Here the word Sahu is equivalent to the Sanskrit word "sadhu". Some inscriptions use "sadhu" itself :
madhavannandinugrahitah sadhu-shri sarvadharah .."{{cn|date=April 2017}} The word Sadhu here does not mean a monk but a "gentleman". Some inscriptions abbreviate sahu by just "sa" just like the abbreviation in English, "Mr."{{cn|date=April 2017}} Shah may also relate to the Chands of Gorakhpur who were sent to Nepal as a punishment after the martyring of Bandhu Singh of tarkulha devi.{{cn|date=April 2017}} They were given the Zamindari of 52 villages which they named as Shivraj (now Kapilvastu) they had good relationship with the Taluqdars of Oudh and had held important posts in Nepal's durbar.{{cn|date=April 2017}} Shri Gaya Prasad Shah - Former minister Ministry of Food and Supplement Shri Shiv Pratap Shah - Former deputy speaker of the Jan Sabha and Former Minister Ministry of Finance Dr. Rudra Pratap Shah - Royal Advisor Shri Raghavendra Pratap Shah - Former Minister, Ministry of Telecommunications Shri Ajay Pratap Shah - Former Member of Parliament Shri Abhay Pratap Shah - Former Chairman, Krishna nagar VdC, Kapilvastu Shri Abhishek Pratap Shah- Former Member of Constituent Assembly and Member of Parliament In some business communities, genealogies are recited during marriages, where all ancestors would be respectfully called "sahu". The term "sahukari"means the profession of banking/trading. In the Bundelkhand Jain community, the father-in-law (or son's/daughter's father-in-law) used to be called "sahaji". Thus the words "Shah" etc. all indicate a respected member of the mercantile community. Today it is used by Gujarati business communities.{{cn|date=April 2017}} People with the surnameThis list includes people with both the Indian surname Shah and the surname of Persian origin meaning king. Notable people with the surname include:
See also
References1. ^Kumar, R. (2006). Costumes and textiles of royal india. {{ISBN|1851495096}} {{Jainism topics}}{{surname|Shah}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Shah (surname)}}2. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2011/12/22/india-caste-system_n_1165874.html|title=India: Caste System Faces Challenges|last=Sullivan|first=Tim|date=2011-12-22|work=The World Post|access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427023830/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/12/22/india-caste-system_n_1165874.html|archive-date=2015-04-27|agency=Accosiated Press|deadurl=yes|df=}} 3. ^http://dsalsrv02.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/search3advanced?dbname=shakespear&query=sahukar&matchtype=exact&display=utf8 4. ^Qamar, G. A. (2011). The Early Cultural Relations of India and Iran. Dev books. {{ISBN|978-8192075204}} 5. ^{{cite web | title =Shah Name Meaning and History | publisher =Ancestry.com | url =http://www.ancestry.com/facts/shah-name-meaning.ashx | accessdate =2010-12-28 }} 6. ^Akota Bronzes, Umakant P.Shah, 1959, p. 52-53 7. ^Kasturchand Jain Suman, Bharatiya Digambar Jain Abhilekh aur Tirth Parichay, Madhya-Pradesh: 13 vi shati tak, Delhi, 2001 8. ^Gopachal ke Jinamandir {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015035748/http://www.webdunia.com/dharm/jain/gopachal/19_gopachal9.htm |date=October 15, 2007 }} 9. ^Indian Sculpture: 700-1800, Volume 2 of Indian Sculpture: A Catalogue of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art Collection, Pratapaditya Pal, University of California Press, 1988, p. 306 2 : Indian family names|Gujarati-language surnames |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。