1. Examples

2. See also

3. References

4. External links

In computing, a shell builtin is a command or a function, called from a shell, that is executed directly in the shell itself, instead of an external executable program which the shell would load and execute.^[1]

Shell builtins work significantly faster than external programs, because there is no program loading overhead. However, their code is inherently present in the shell, and thus modifying or updating them requires modifications to the shell. Therefore, shell builtins are usually used for simple, almost trivial, functions, such as text output.

Because of the nature of some operating systems, some functions of the systems must necessarily be implemented as shell builtins. The most notable example is the cd command, which changes the working directory of the shell. Since each executable program runs in a separate process, and working directories are specific to each process, loading cd as an external program would not affect the working directory of the shell that loaded it.

Examples

A widely used shell-builtin is the logout function, which terminates the session. This function has different names depending on the shell.

See also

• Internal DOS command

References

External links

• List of special shell builtin commands
• List of MS-DOS internal commands

• Sinus of Morgagni (pharynx)
• Sinus of Otto
• Sinusoidal curve
• Sinusoidal endothelial cells
• Sinusoidal pump
• Sinusoidal spirals
• Sinusoidal Spirals
• Sinus percussion
• Sinus Persicus
• Sinus petrosquamosus
• Sinus petrosus
• Sinus petrosus superior
• Sinus pocularis
• Sinus prostaticus
• Sinus renalis
• Sinus sphenoidalis
• Sinus transversus pericardii
• Sinustrombus
• Sinustrombus latissimus
• Sinus urogenitalis definitivus
• Sinus venosus sclerae
• Sinutor
• Sinutropis
• Sinuttelu
• Sinvacor