| 词条 | Erica cinerea |
| 释义 |
|image=Bell_Heather_-_geograph.org.uk_-_493968.jpg |genus=Erica (plant) |species=cinerea |authority=L. }} Erica cinerea (bell heather, or heather-bell) is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae, native to western and central Europe. The plant provides a great deal of nectar for pollinators. It was rated in the top 5 for most nectar production (nectar per unit cover per year) in a UK plants survey conducted by the AgriLand project which is supported by the UK Insect Pollinators Initiative.[1] DescriptionIt is a low, spreading shrub growing to {{convert|15|-|60|cm|abbr=on}} tall, with fine needle-like leaves {{convert|4|–|8|mm|abbr=on}} long arranged in whorls of three. The flowers are bell-shaped, purple (rarely white), {{convert|4|–|7|mm|abbr=on}} long, produced in mid- to late summer. The flowers are dry, similar in texture to the strawflower. The Latin specific epithet cinerea means "ash coloured".[2] DistributionErica cinerea is native to the west of Europe, where it is most abundant in Britain and Ireland, France, northern Spain and southern Norway. It also occurs in the Faroe Islands, Belgium, Germany, north-western Italy, and the Netherlands. It mostly occurs on moors and heathland with relatively dry, acidic, nutrient poor soils. It occurs in coastal dune heath and dune slack and occasionally in woodland. It is described as "of least concern" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[3]UsesBell heather is a source of heather honey.[4] It is grown as an ornamental plant, cultivated in a wider range of colors. It is drought-tolerant and grows well in full sun with well-drained soil. Like most heathers, it is a calcifuge and dislikes alkaline soils (e.g. calcareous) which cause the symptoms of iron deficiency. Like other cultivated heathers, it is often seen as groundcover among plantings of dwarf conifers.[5] These cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:[6]
′Eden Valley′ has lavender flowers shading to white at the base of the corolla and a prostrate habit. The original plant was found on Trink Hill, Cornwall by Miss Gertrude Waterer.[10] References1. ^{{cite web|title=Which flowers are the best source of nectar? |publisher=Conservation Grade |url=http://www.conservationgrade.org/2014/10/which_flowers_best_source_nectar/ |accessdate=2017-10-18|date=2014-10-15}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Harrison|first=Lorraine|title=RHS Latin for gardeners|year=2012|publisher=Mitchell Beazley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=9781845337315|pages=224}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Erica cinerea|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/203006/0|doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-2.RLTS.T203006A2758531.en|publisher=International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) }} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Bell Heather, Erica cinerea|url=http://scottishwildlifetrust.org.uk/visit/wildlife/b/bell-heather/|publisher=Scottish Wildlife Trust }} 5. ^{{cite book|title=RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants|year=2008|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=1405332964|pages=1136}} 6. ^{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 36 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 6 February 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Erica cinerea 'C.D. Eason'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=714|accessdate=19 June 2013}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Erica cinerea 'Pink Ice'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=717|accessdate=19 June 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Erica cinerea 'Velvet Night'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=718|accessdate=19 June 2013}} 10. ^{{cite book|last1=Fordham|first1=Roy|title=Eden Valley. In Ludgvan A Century of Horticulture 1903-2003|date=2000|publisher=Ludgvan Horticultural Society|location=Ludgvan|pages=25–8}} External links{{commonscat inline|Erica cinerea|Erica cinerea}}
5 : Erica|Plants described in 1753|Flora of Europe|Garden plants of Europe|Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
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