| 词条 | Shish kebab |
| 释义 |
It is one of the many types of kebab, a range of meat dishes originating in the Middle East. In English, the word kebab alone often refers to shish kebab, though outside of North America, kebab may also mean doner kebab. It is traditionally made of lamb (kuzu şiş)[3] but there are also versions with beef or veal (dana şiş), swordfish (kılıç şiş)[4] and chicken meat (tavuk şiş or şiş tavuk). In Turkey, shish kebab and the vegetables served with it are grilled separately, normally not on the same skewer.[5] EtymologyShish kebab is an English rendering of {{lang-tr|şiş}} (sword or skewer) and kebap (roasted meat dish).[6][7] The word kebab, alone, came to English in the late 17th century, from the {{lang-ar|كَبَاب}} (kabāb), partly through Urdu, Persian and Turkish.[8] The Turkish word kebap is derived from the Arabic word, meaning roasted meat. It appears in Turkish texts as early as the 14th century, in Kyssa-i Yusuf (the story of Joseph), though still in the Arabic form. Etymologist Sevan Nişanyan states that the word has the equivalent meaning of "frying/burning" with "kabābu" in the old Akkadian language, and "kbabā/כבבא" in Aramaic.[9]The earliest literary evidence for the Turkish word {{lang|tk|şiş}} as a food utensil comes from the 11th-century Diwan Lughat al-Turk, attributed to Mahmud of Kashgar. He defines shish as both a skewer and "tool for arranging noodles" (minzam tutmaj), though he is unique in this regard as all subsequent known historical references to shish define it as a skewer.[10][11] The term 'shish kebab' had its first literary publication in English in 1914 in the novel Our Mr. Wrenn by Sinclair Lewis.[6][12] See also{{Wiktionary|shish}}{{Commons category|Şiş kebap}}
References1. ^{{cite book|author=John Ayto|title=The Diner's Dictionary: Word Origins of Food and Drink|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NoicAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA192|date=18 October 2012|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-964024-9|pages=192–}} {{Cuisine of Pakistan}}{{Cuisine of Turkey}}{{Levantine cuisine}}{{Barbecue}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sis kebap}}2. ^Davidson, Allen, "The Oxford Companion to Food", p.442. 3. ^{{cite book|author=Ozcan Ozan|title=The Sultan's Kitchen: A Turkish Cookbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3QHQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT146|date=13 December 2013|publisher=Tuttle Publishing|isbn=978-1-4629-0639-0|pages=146–}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Mimi Sheraton|title=1,000 Foods To Eat Before You Die: A Food Lover's Life List|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1f-lAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT1090|date=13 January 2015|publisher=Workman Publishing Company|isbn=978-0-7611-8306-8|pages=1090–}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Steven Raichlen|title=The Barbecue! Bible 10th Anniversary Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kibIQBCGmmwC&pg=PA214|date=28 May 2008|publisher=Workman Publishing Company|isbn=978-0-7611-5957-5|pages=214–}} 6. ^1 {{cite OED2|shish kebab}} 7. ^{{cite book|first1=Gil|last1=Marks|title=Encyclopedia of Jewish Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gFK_yx7Ps7cC&pg=PT922|publisher=HMH|date=17 November 2010|isbn=9780544186316|via=Google Books}} 8. ^{{Cite web |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/kebab |title=kebab - definition of kebab in English |website=Oxford Dictionaries |publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=August 3, 2017}} 9. ^Nişanyan Sevan, Sözlerin Soyağacı, Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojik Sözlüğü, Online, Book 10. ^{{Cite book| title = Food on the Move| publisher=Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery |date=1996 |chapter=The Horseback Kitchen of Central Asia |accessdate = 2018-07-16| url = https://books.google.com/books/about/Food_on_the_Move.html?id=uYqTiD7SbcQC}} 11. ^{{cite web|accessdate=2018-07-16|title=Nişanyan Sözlük - şiş |trans-title=Nişanyan Dictionary - shish |language=Turkish |url=http://www.nisanyansozluk.com/?k=şiş|website=Nişanyan Sözlük}} 12. ^{{cite book|first1=Sinclair|last1=Lewis|title=Our Mr. Wrenn - The Romantic Adventures of a Gentle Man|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u319CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT30|publisher=Read Books Ltd|date=11 March 2015|isbn=9781473372498|via=Google Books}} 7 : Kebabs|Levantine cuisine|Ottoman cuisine|Palestinian cuisine|Skewered foods|Turkish cuisine|Meat dishes |
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