| 词条 | Shitennō-ji | |||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Arahakasan Shitennō-ji | native_name = | image = Shitennoji03s3200.jpg | image_upright= | alt = | caption = {{nihongo|Chushin garan|中心伽藍|}}{{Infobox mapframe|type=shape|zoom=14|frame-width=220}} | map_type = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = | location = 1-1-18 Shitennō-ji, Tennōji-ku, Osaka, Osaka-fu | coordinates = | religious_affiliation = Wa-shū | deity = Kannon (Avalokiteśvara) | country = Japan | functional_status = | website = http://www.shitennoji.or.jp/ | founded_by = Prince Shōtoku | year_completed = 593 }}{{Coord|34|39|14.04|N|135|30|59.22|E|region:JP_scale:20000|display=title}} Shitennō-ji ({{lang-ja|四天王寺}}; also Arahaka-ji, Nanba-ji, or Mitsu-ji) is a Buddhist temple in Ōsaka, Japan. It is sometimes regarded as the first Buddhist and oldest officially administered temple in Japan,[1][2] although the temple buildings have been rebuilt over the centuries. HistoryPrince Shōtoku invited three Korean Baekje carpenters, and they constructed this temple in 593. Prince Shōtoku was known for his profound Buddhist faith when Buddhism was not widespread in Japan. [3] Most of the present structures are from when the temple was last completely rebuilt in 1963. One of the members involved in the initial construction of the temple in the 6th century later established a firm Kongō Gumi, specialized in temple and shrine buildings over centuries. DescriptionThe Shitennō are believed to be four heavenly kings. The temple Prince Shōtoku built to honor them had four institutions, each to help the Japanese attain a higher level of civilization. This {{nihongo|Shika-in|四箇院|Four Institutions}} was centered on the seven-building {{nihongo|garan|伽藍|}} (the complex inside the walls), and included a Kyōden-in (Institution of Religion and Education), a Hiden-in (welfare Institution), a Ryōbyō-in (hospital), and a Seiyaku-in (pharmacy) to provide essential care to the people of Japan.[4] The garan consists of a five-story pagoda, a main Golden Pavilion (Kondō) housing an image of the Bodhisattva Kannon, and a Kōdō (Lecture Hall) under a covered corridor holding three gates (the Deva Gate,[5] the Western Gate, and the Eastern Gate). Surrounding this central complex are the Great South Gate (Nandaimon), and a Great East Gate (Higashi-no-ō'mon). To the west is the Great West Gate (Nishi-no-ō'mon), also known as {{nihongo|Gokuraku-mon|極楽門|}}. Further to the west is a stone torii, which is widely accepted as the Eastern Gate to the {{nihongo|gokuraku-jōdo|極楽浄土|Western Paradise, or the Pure Land}}. Shitennō-ji sells some souvenirs of their products on the 21st of each month. Access
ImagesSee also{{Portal|Japan|Osaka|Buddhism|Architecture}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.univie.ac.at/rel_jap/bauten/anm_torii.htm#aussershinto|title=Religion in Japan|last=Scheid, Bernhard|first=|work=Torii|publisher=University of Vienna|language=German|accessdate=12 February 2010}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/japan/asukadera1.html|title=Asuka-Dera Temple|accessdate=29 September 2016}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/148711.html |title=World’s oldest company, started by Koreans, goes kaput : International : News : The Hankyoreh |publisher=Hani.co.kr |date=2006-08-12 |accessdate=2015-08-25}} 4. ^Three of the four sections are known to have existed inside the temple in Kamakura period{{Citation needed|date=March 2009}}. 5. ^{{nihongo|Niōmon|仁王門|}}, also called {{nihongo|chūmon|中門|}}. External links{{Commons category|Shitennoji}}
9 : 593 establishments|Religious organizations established in the 6th century|Buddhist temples in Osaka Prefecture|Tourist attractions in Osaka|Buildings and structures in Osaka|Important Cultural Properties of Japan|Historic Sites of Japan|6th-century establishments in Japan|Zen gardens |
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