“Shmuel Butman”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Rabbi Shmuel Menachem Butman (born 1944) is a Chabad rabbi in Crown Heights, Brooklyn, New York. He is the director of Lubavitch Youth Organization. He has served for many years as the director of the L'Chaim weekly magazine. After Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson suffered a stroke, Butman emerged as one of the leading proponents of Chabad messianism.

Activities

He is chairman of the International Campaign to Bring Moshiach.^[1] He was the founder of the weekly Chabad magazine L'Chaim and has made campaign contributions to former New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani.^[2]

He is the organizer of the annual Mitzvah Tank Parade^[3] and was responsible for the erection of the largest menorah in the world at the south-east corner of Central Park in 2004.^[4] He also hosts a weekly radio show called Moshiach in the air and has been the director of the weekly chabad magazine L'Chaim since the 1980s. His weekly "Challenge" column is published in the Jewish Press.

In 1992 he addressed the US House of Representatives at the invitation of Chuck Schumer, representing Chabad in honor of Schneerson's 90th birthday.^[5]

Crown Heights riot

He gave a keynote address at the funeral of Yankel Rosenbaum.^[6] He praised the actions of the police but voiced anger against the black rioters comparing their actions to European pogroms in the 19th century. "First Crown Heights, then Washington Heights, then the Golan Heights. This is a Jewish issue. What happened in Crown Heights was not an isolated incident."^[7]^[8] He commented: "This is not Poland in 1881. It's the United States in 1991!"^[9]

Messianism

Before Schneerson's death Butman was active in the movement to crown him as "King Messiah". He was seen as a leader of that movement, organizing rallies to bring about this proclamation.^[10] He invoked the recitation of the Yechi slogan in Schneerson's presence without him complaining as evidence that he was indeed the Messiah.^[10] He organized the rally on January 30, 1993 that was billed as Schneerson's coronation ceremony.^[11] Before the rally he informed the press that "This will be the coronation of the rebbe as Melech haMashiach (King Messiah)."^[12]^[13] Butman was forced to backtrack during the event, announcing that Schneerson appearance did not represent his acceptance of the role of Messiah. He told the 8,000 assembled followers (plus many more around the world watching via satellite) that the event "is not to be interpreted as a coronation."^[14]

Butman penned a book outlining the religious and philosophical justification for believing that Schneerson was the messiah despite his death in 1995. He made the book freely available online.^[15]

When the Rabbinical Council of America denounced messianism within Chabad in 1996, Butman went on the offensive telling the press: "Rabbi Shmuel Butman, chairman of the International Campaign to Bring Moshiach, responded to the RCA by saying: "Questions of belief in Judaism are a matter of halachah [Jewish law] and should be referred to recognized Torah giants of the generation for a decision" adding that the resolution was "like voting against the rebbe".^[16]

He was widely viewed as a spokesman of the messianist strand within Chabad.^[17] He told the press in December 1994, after Schneerson's death:

In later years he has been less outspoken in his messianic beliefs. Since February 2008, he presents the weekly web-based Torah program "Shabbos Night Live" on mainstream Chabad websites COLlive.com and COL.org.il.

At the Birchas Hachama ceremony at 770 Eastern Parkway, he was the agreed upon candidate to emcee the rare event.^[19]

Family

Butman is married to Rochel Butman and they have six children together, Velvel, Joseph, Yehudis, Chana, Basya and Haddasha. His son Rabbi Velvel Butman was in the past director of Chabad of Rye & Purchase (Westchester County, NY); his son Rabbi Joseph Butman is the director of Chabad of Armonk, Chappaquah & Pleasantville (Westchester County, NY); his son-in-law Rabbi Mordechai Newman is the director of Chabad of Alexandria-Arlington in Virginia;^[20] his son-in-law Rabbi Bentzion Korf is the principal of Yeshiva Gedolah of Greater Miami in Miami Beach, Florida; his son-in-law Rabbi Yehuda Heber is the director of Chabad of Yorktown, Cortlandt, and Somers (Westchester County, NY).

Bibliography

References

1. ^[https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F6061FFD3A5B0C718CDDAE0894DD494D81 "A Spiritual Leader Lives On in Memory"], Lynette Holloway, The New York Times, July 2, 1995.
2. ^Campaign contributions by Shmuel Butman.
3. ^[https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4608607 "Riding in the Annual Mitzvah Tank Parade"], Robert Smith, National Public Radio, April 20, 2005.
4. ^"World's Largest Menorah Lit", Lori Har-El, The Epoch Times, December 13, 2004.
5. ^Congressional Records of May 14 1992, Library of Congress, see item 19, "RABBI SHMUEL BUTMAN"
6. ^"Interpretations of the Crown Heights Riot"{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Shapiro, Edward S., American Jewish History - Volume 90, Number 2, June 2002, pp. 97-122, (fee reqd.)
7. ^"Racial Unrest: An Eye for an Eye", Sam Allis, Time magazine, September 09, 1991.
8. ^"[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CEFD9113BF937A25753C1A967958260 5,000 at Rally Join to Protest Anti-Semitism"], James Barron, The New York Times, October 14, 1991.
9. ^"Crown of thorns", Jonathan Rieder, The New Republic, October 14, 1991.
10. ^¹[https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/72107696.html?dids=72107696:72107696&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Feb+2%2C+1993&author=Malcolm+Gladwell&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=A.12&desc=LETTER+FROM+CROWN+HEIGHTS%3B+A+Community%27s+Day+of+Mystery+and+Faith "Letter from Crown Heights"], Malcolm Gladwell, The Washington Post, February 2, 1993.
11. ^[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE4DC103EF932A35751C0A965958260 "Rebbe, but Not the Messiah, As Lubavitchers Compromise"], Ari L. Goldman, The New York Times, February 1, 1993.
12. ^"Mashiach Madness reaches frenzy as lubavitch 'anoint' the Rebbe", Debra Nussbaum Cohen, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, January 28, 1993.
13. ^"Rabbi to be anointed Messiah", Press Telegram, January 30, 1993.
14. ^"Rabbi's appearance fails to reveal messiah", Deseret News, February 1, 1993.
15. ^"Countdown to Moshiach. Can the Rebbe still be Moshiach?", Rabbi Shmuel Butman, 1995.
16. ^"1,000 Orthodox rabbis reject claim rebbe was Messiah", Debra Nussbaum Cohen, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, June 21, 1996.
17. ^"The war of the messiahs heats up", Marilyn Herny, Jerusalem Post, August 30, 1996.
18. ^"Rabbis Blast Lubavitcher Messianism, Warn Resurrection Talk Echoes Christian Themes", Lucette Lagnado, The Forward, December 2, 1994.
19. ^"No Signs at Birchas Hachama", COLlive.com, Mar 31, 2009
20. ^"Dancing rabbis on I-395"{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Susan Mandel, Alexandria Times, September 21, 2006.