1. History

2. Theming

3. Incidents

4. References

5. External links

Shockwave was a stand-up roller coaster located at Kings Dominion in Doswell, Virginia. Opened in 1986, it was the third stand-up roller coaster installation built and designed by Japanese company TOGO. Following closures of the previous two, it became the oldest of its kind still in operation. After nearly thirty years in operation, Shockwave closed permanently on August 9, 2015. It was replaced by Delirium, a Mondial Revolution flat ride, which opened in 2016.

History

The site on which Shockwave stood was formerly home to the Galaxie roller coaster, a small steel coaster of the S.D.C. Galaxi model. However, on September 11, 1983, an incident on the coaster resulted in the fatal injury of 13-year-old Daniel Watkins. The incident was used as the primary example of unsafe rides in local press coverage of the concurrent U.S. Senate hearings on amusement ride safety and regulation.^[1][2] Rather than reopen the attraction, Kings Dominion dismantled and sold it, to the Myrtle Beach Pavilion where it operated until 1997 as the Galaxi.

To replace the Galaxie, Kings Dominion recruited Japanese manufacturer TOGO to build a stand-up roller coaster. It opened in 1986 as Shockwave. The station design was known for having a station floor that was not level, which tilted down toward the front where the train exited. This eliminated the need to propel trains as they dispatched from the station, instead relying on gravity to roll out of the station.

After operating for nearly 30 years and accommodating over 22 million riders, Kings Dominion announced on July 9, 2015, that Shockwave would close permanently on August 9, 2015 and be replaced by Delirium for the 2016 season.^[3] Kings Dominion Vice President Pat Jones released a statement saying, "While it’s bittersweet to say goodbye to one of our older coasters, we’re excited for what the future holds...We’re happy that Shockwave was able to provide close to three decades of memories.”^[3]

Theming

The trains were painted blue with yellow restraints, and the station with natural-toned stain and paint. For the park's 25th anniversary in 2000, the entire ride was painted in non-standard scheme, neon colors. The superstructure and main rail were painted periwinkle, with the running rails alternating patches of aquamarine and orange. The trains were repainted orange, and the station in the same neon colors as the track. In 2011, Shockwave was repainted green for the tracks and teal for the supports.

Incidents

On the evening of August 23, 1999, a 20-year-old man was thrown from the train's final turn at a speed of {{convert|40|mph}} sustaining a fatal head injury upon contact with a steel walkway. Shockwave and two similar rides at other Paramount amusement parks were immediately closed. The event was originally reported as "an accident [that] resulted in the death of one park visitor,"^[4] but further investigation proved otherwise. Bolstered by numerous eyewitness accounts, the cause was later attributed to the victim's disregard of park safety rules as he was seen intentionally freeing himself from restraints. In addition, an inspection found the safety restraints to be working properly at the time of the accident. Shockwave was reopened three days later on August 26, 1999.^[5]

Less than two weeks later on September 2, 1999, a 13-year-old boy, concerned that he was not properly fastened into his restraints, intentionally slipped out of them as the train was ascending the lift hill. He jumped onto the adjacent maintenance catwalk and escaped serious injury.^[6]

References

External links

• Official page

• Mikoyan Project 1.44
• Mikołaj Firlej (died 1526)
• Mikołaj Gomołka
• Mikołaj Gomółka
• Mikołaj Hieronim Sieniawski
• Mikołaj Kamieniecki
• Mikołajki
• Mikołaj Kopernik
• Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł
• Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł
• Mikołaj Mielecki
• Mikołaj of Bogoria and Skotnik
• Mikołaj Ostroróg
• Mikołaj Potocki
• Mikołaj Radziwiłł
• Mikołaj Rej
• Mikołaj Rey
• Mikołaj Spytek Ligęza
• Mikołaj "the Black" Radziwiłł
• Mikołaj "the Red" Radziwiłł
• Mikołaj VII Radziwiłł
• Mikołaj Zebrzydowski
• Mikołaj Zieleński
• Mikołaj z Radomia
• Mikołaj Światopełk-Mirski