| 词条 | Short Creek Community |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Short Creek Community |settlement_type = Community |image_skyline = File:Colorado City schoolhouse.JPG |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |subdivision_type = |subdivision_type1 = |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name = |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_name2 = |established_title = Founded |established_date = 1913 |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |elevation_ft = |elevation_m = |timezone = MST |utc_offset = -7 |coordinates = {{coord|36|59|22|N|112|58|41|W|display=inline,title}} }} The Short Creek Community (now Colorado City, Arizona, and Hildale, Utah), founded in 1913, began as a small ranching town in the Arizona Strip.[1] In the 1930s it was settled by Mormon fundamentalists, who remain there to this day. HistoryIn May 1935, members of the Council of Friends, a breakaway group from the Salt Lake City-based The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), sent a handful of followers to the Short Creek Community with the express purpose of building "a branch of the Kingdom of God."[2] Barlow believed that the isolated Creek could provide a place of refuge for those engaging in the covert practice of polygamy, a felony; within a month, the town's population more than doubled. The Council of Friends membership desired a remote location where they could practice plural marriage, which had been publicly abandoned by the LDS Church in 1890. On July 26, 1953, Arizona Governor John Howard Pyle sent troops into the settlement to stop polygamy in what became known as the Short Creek raid. The two-year legal battle that followed became a public relations disaster that damaged Pyle's political career and set a hands-off tone toward the town in Arizona for the next 50 years. The Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (FLDS) later developed in the same geographical region and changed the name to Colorado City and Hildale to eliminate any ties to the Short Creek raids.[1] Council of Friends{{LDSpolygamy}}{{main|Council of Friends (Woolley)|l1=Council of Friends}}The concept of a Council of Friends or Priesthood Council was central to the Mormon fundamentalist theology developed by Lorin C. Woolley and others in the Short Creek Community. The Short Creek Community was home to this council starting in the late 1920s. Since the authority of the Council of Friends pertained to the Priesthood and not to the Church, early Mormon fundamentalists, most of the residents of Short Creek Community had been excommunicated from the LDS Church. They felt that the existence of the Council of Friends gave them the right to continue solemnizing plural marriages even after Church President Wilford Woodruff's 1890 Manifesto discountenancing the practice. Short Creek Community leadership{{see also|List of Mormon fundamentalist leaders}}The following are the leaders of the Council of Friends, and as such were also leaders in the Short Creek Community.[3][4][5]
Polygamy and fumarase deficiency{{As of|2017}}, the descendants of the Short Creek Community are reported to have a high rate of cases of fumarase deficiency, an otherwise extremely rare genetic condition that causes severe physical and mental disability. The high rate of genetic disease is attributed to the inbreeding caused by generations of polygamy.[6][7]See also
References1. ^1 {{citation |last= Zoellner |first= Tom |date= June 28, 1998 |title= Polygamy: Throughout its history, Colorado City has been home for those who believe in virtues of plural marriage |newspaper= The Salt Lake Tribune |page= J1 |id= Archive Article ID: 100F28A4D3D36BEC (NewsBank) |url= http://www.sltrib.com/1998/jun/06281998/sunday_a/sunday_a.htm |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20000505002302/http://www.sltrib.com/1998/jun/06281998/sunday_a/sunday_a.htm |archive-date= 2000-05-05 }} {{Latter Day Saint movement}}{{LDS sects/Mormon fundamentalist}}{{FLDS Church}}{{LDS-stub}}2. ^Diary of Joseph Lyman Jessop, vols. 1-3 (privately published, 2000). 3. ^{{Cite web | last = Hales | first = Brian C | title = Questions regarding the described 1886 ordinations | publisher = MormonFundamentalism.com | date = 2009 | url = http://www.mormonfundamentalism.com/NEWFILES/1886OrdinationQuestions.htm | accessdate = 1 April 2010 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100211235031/http://www.mormonfundamentalism.com/NEWFILES/1886OrdinationQuestions.htm | archivedate = 11 February 2010 | df = }} 4. ^{{Cite web | title = Official website of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints | publisher = The Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints | date = 2008 | url = http://www.fldstruth.org/index.php | accessdate = 1 April 2010}} 5. ^{{Cite web | last = Hales | first = Brian C | title = Fundamentalist leadership succession chart | publisher = MormonFundamentalism.com | date = 2009 | url = http://www.mormonfundamentalism.com/18-02-COF%202006%20color%20on%20tan%20w%20gray.gif | accessdate = 1 April 2010 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110226170842/http://mormonfundamentalism.com/18-02-COF%202006%20color%20on%20tan%20w%20gray.gif | archivedate = 26 February 2011 | df = }} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20170726-the-polygamous-town-facing-genetic-disaster|title=The polygamous town facing genetic disaster|last=Gorvett|first=Zaria|date=26 July 2017|website=BBC Future|access-date=2017-08-03}} 7. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/635182923/Birth-defect-is-plaguing-children-in-FLDS-towns.html|title=Birth defect is plaguing children in FLDS towns|last=Hollenhorst|first=John|date=2006-02-09|work=DeseretNews.com|access-date=2017-08-03|language=en}} 10 : Towns in Mohave County, Arizona|Towns in Washington County, Utah|Latter Day Saint movement in Arizona|Latter Day Saint movement in Utah|Mormon fundamentalism|Mormonism and polygamy|Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints|Populated places established in 1913|1913 establishments in Arizona|1913 establishments in Utah |
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