| 词条 | Siege of Cyzicus |
| 释义 |
|conflict=Battle of Cyzicus |partof=Third Mithridatic War |date= 73 BC |place=Cyzicus |result=Roman victory |combatant1= The Roman Republic and their ally the city of Cyzicus |combatant2= The Kingdom of Pontus |commander1= Lucius Licinius Lucullus |commander2=Mithridates VI of Pontus |strength1=Appian: 30,000 infantry and 1,600 cavalry[1] ---- Plutarch: 30,000 infantry and 2,500 cavalry[2] |strength2= 300,000[3] probably including camp followers |casualties1= very low |casualties2= very high }}{{campaignbox Mithridatic Wars}}{{Campaignbox Third Mithridatic War}} The siege of Cyzicus [4][5] took place in 73 BC between the armies of Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Roman-allied citizens of Cyzicus in Mysia and Roman Republican forces under Lucius Licinius Lucullus. It was in fact a siege and a counter-siege. It ended in a decisive Roman victory. After his victory against Marcus Aurelius Cotta at the Chalcedon, Mithridates besieged the Roman-allied town of Cyzicus. The town held out long enough for the proconsul Lucius Licinius Lucullus to arrive with another Roman army and establish a counter-siege. Lucullus was astonished by the size of the Mithridatic army but from experience he knew the difficulties of keeping an army fed. From interrogating a number of prisoners Lucullus found out the Mithridatic army had only about four days of supplies left. He explained to his officers that the best way to defeat a large army is to stamp on its stomach. He then ordered his men to conduct a counter-siege, they succeed in cutting of Mithridates' supply lines while keeping their own open. Mithridates attempted to convince the Cyzicans that the Roman army was his own reserve, but Lucullus was able to get one of his men into the city and he convinced them otherwise. The messenger had to sneak through the Mithridatic siege lines and then swim 7 miles to the city (he did so with the help of a flotation device).[6][7] With the onset of winter, Mithridates's forces faced starvation and plague. The plague was brought on by "corpses that were thrown out unburied".[8][9] The army of Lucullus was a constant threat, always nearby and yet never willing to engage in force. With disease and starvation running rampant the king decided to flee the scene. He fled by sea while his army made its way along the coast to the port of Lampsacus. Along the way, they were attacked and destroyed at the Granicus river (the same river where Alexander the Great won his first victory over the Persians). References
1. ^Appian, Mithridatica, XI.72. {{AncientRome-battle-stub}}2. ^Plutarch, Life of Lucullus 3. ^Plutarch, Life of Lucullus, 8. 4. ^Appian, Mithridatica, 74 5. ^Plutarch, Life of Lucullus, 9-12 6. ^Lee Fratantuono, Lucullus the Life and Campaigns of a Roman Conqueror, p.58 7. ^Philip Matyszak, Mithridates the Great, Rome's Indomitable Enemy, p.110 8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52941527|title=Greek fire, poison arrows, and scorpion bombs : biological and chemical warfare in the ancient world|last=1946-|first=Mayor, Adrienne,|date=2003|publisher=Overlook Duckworth|isbn=158567348X|edition=1st|location=Woodstock|oclc=52941527}} 9. ^Appian XII.76. 7 : Sieges involving the Roman Republic|Battles involving Pontus|Mithridatic Wars|70s BC conflicts|73 BC|History of Balıkesir Province|Sieges of the Hellenistic period |
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