| 词条 | SIM (Christian organization) |
| 释义 |
| name = SIM | logo = SIM Logo.jpg | motto = By Prayer. | type = Non-profit, Christian | founded = {{start date and age|1893}} | founders = Walter Gowans Rowland Bingham Thomas Kent | headquarters = Charlotte, North Carolina, United States | location = Global | key_people = | fields = Christian Missionary Outreach | services = | num_members = 2,000 missionaries serving in more than 70 countries on 6 continents (2017)[1] | affiliations = | website = [https://www.sim.org/ sim.org] }} SIM is an international, interdenominational Evangelical Christian mission organization. It was established in 1893 by its three founders, Walter Gowans and Rowland Bingham of Canada and Thomas Kent of the United States. The initials originally stood for "Soudan Interior Mission," Soudan being an older spelling of the Sudan region of West Africa. After various name changes and mergers, the mission simply goes by "SIM" today. In French-speaking countries it is known as "Société Internationale Missionnaire." SIM is also a member of the Forum of Bible Agencies International. The main headquarters is in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. HistorySudan Interior MissionIn 1893 Walter Gowans, Rowland Bingham and Thomas Kent landed in Lagos, Nigeria. Their aim was to evangelize the "Soudan" region of Africa through the organization of the "Soudan Interior Mission." Gowans and Kent traveled to what is now Northern Nigeria with a Kru guide, Tom Coffee, but the two died of malaria.[1] Bingham survived and returned to his home in Canada.[3] Bingham reorganized the mission in 1898 as the "African Industrial Mission," with a hope to be self-supporting through the production and trade of cotton.[2] In 1900, Bingham made a second attempt to establish a base in Africa but came down with fever and returned home. A third attempt in 1902 succeeded, which finally established a base 500 miles inland in Patigi, Nigeria. In 1906, the mission was once renamed "Sudan Interior Mission."[3] After the initial base was set up, the mission branched out into other countries in West Africa, and then in the 1920s, to East Africa. Until 1998, SIM had worked in Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Ivory Coast, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan and Togo.[4] Andes Evangelical MissionIn 1907, George Allan and his wife Mary, née Stirling, from New Zealand, initiated the Bolivian Indian Mission (BIM), later known as Andes Evangelical Mission (AEM). AEM joined SIM in 1982, and the work of SIM expanded to a new continent, South America.[4] Initially, the headquarters was located in San Pedro de Buena Vista before being transferred to the more accessible Cochabamba. Whereas the mission activities were relatively straightforward among the Quechua on the (highland) Altiplano, the real challenge began when the BIM reached out to the naked tribes of the inhospitable lowland Beni region. Here, while exploring the area prior to establishing a mission station, BIM-founder Allan narrowly escaped death from malaria, but young fellow missionary Henry C. Webendorfer succumbed to the disease. According to Allan's daughter Margarita Allan Hudspith, William Fulton McKay, Frank Chaplin and Charles Trotman were among the missionary pioneers in the rainforests of Bolivia.[5] International Christian FellowshipIn the 1890s, two other small missions were formed to work in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), South India, and in the Philippines. In 1968, they joined forces and became the International Christian Fellowship (ICF). In 1989, ICF merged with SIM, which expanded the work of SIM to parts of Asia. Africa Evangelical FellowshipAEF (Africa Evangelical Fellowship) was formed by Andrew Murray a Dutch Reformed minister, Spencer Walton and Martha Osborn-Howe in 1889 in Cape Town [6] From this root, a mission, the Cape General Mission began. After the Boer War, the Mission, now known as the South African General Mission, began to expand into parts of southern Africa, and then to islands in the Indian Ocean. In 1965, the mission became known as the Africa Evangelical Fellowship. In 1998, AEF joined with SIM, and the work of the newly merged Mission embraced Angola, Botswana, Gabon, Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe, bringing the total of countries in which SIM is active to more than 43. In 1998, AEF merged with SIM. Middle East Christian OutreachIn 2016, Middle East Christian Outreach joined hands with SIM. AcrossFounded in 1972 by four mission societies (AIM, SUM, SIM, and MAF), Across has since gone through a number of transitions in response to the changing conditions in South Sudan and partners outside Sudan. [7] Across delivers literacy classes, Digital Audio Players (DAPs) (MP3 players) for literacy and social education, All Children Reading radio project (USAID)[8] and runs Sudan Literature Centre which publishes in local language literacy materials for children and Christian literature for Christian church in South Sudan[9]. It is renamed SIM International in 1980, SIM Society for International Ministries in 1992 and SIM in 2002. [10] In 2017 SIM had more than 4,000 workers in over 70 countries [11] OrganizationSending offices are located in Australia, Canada, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, France, India, South Korea, South Africa, South America, United Kingdom, Singapore, New Zealand, Switzerland, and the United States. They partner with many local mission organizations. In Germany they have no office. So they partner with DMG interpersonal e.V.[12] PurposeThe purpose of SIM includes planting, strengthening and partnering with churches around the world in order to:
References1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Geysbeek|first1=Tim|title=From Sasstown to Zaria: Tom Coffee and the Kru Origins of the Soudan Interior Mission, 1893–1895|journal=Studies in World Christianity|date=April 2018|volume=24|issue=1|pages=46–65|doi=10.3366/swc.2018.0204}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Fiedler|first=Klaus|title=The Story of Faith Missions: From Hudson Taylor to Present Day Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qvipsruxM0AC&pg=PA78|year=1994|publisher=Regnum|location=Oxford|isbn=978-1-870345-18-7|pages=78–79}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Corwin|first=Gary R.|editor=Gerald H. Anderson|title=Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oQ8BFk9K0ToC&pg=PA64|year=1999|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing|location=Grand Rapids, MI|isbn=978-0-8028-4680-8|pages=64–65|chapter=Bingham, Rowland Victor}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://sim.co.uk/about-us/history|publisher=SIM UK|title=History|website=sim.co.uk|access-date=26 February 2018}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Hudspith|first=Margarita Allan|title=Ripening Fruit: A History of the Bolivian Indian Mission|year=1958|publisher=Harrington Press|location=Harrington Park, New Jersey, USA|pages=41–42; 80-81; 111; 132-137}} 6. ^ George Thomas Kurian, Mark A. Lamport, Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, Volume 5, Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2016, p. 29 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.across-ssd.org/index.php/2016-07-01-04-51-47/across-background |title=Across Background|last=Hall |first=Rhys |date=7 July 2016 |website=Across |access-date=24 April 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=https://allchildrenreading.org/innovators/across-radio-2/ |title=All Children Reading: A Grand Challenge for Development|last=Hall |first=Rhys |website=All Children Reading|access-date=24 April 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=https://openlibrary.org/publishers/Sudan_Literature_Centre |title=Sudan Literature Centre catalogue|website=Open Library |access-date=24 April 2018}} 10. ^ George Thomas Kurian, Mark A. Lamport, Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, Volume 5, Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2016, p. 2121 11. ^1 {{cite web|url= https://www.sim.org/about|access-date=28 August 2017|title=SIM|website=www.sim.org|publisher=SIM}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.dmgint.de/our-partners/working-together.html|access-date=November 30, 2018|title=How DMG partners with sending churches and mission organisations|publisher=DMG interpersonal e.V.|first=Detlef|last=Blöcher|website=www.dmgint.de}} External links
4 : Religious organizations established in 1893|Evangelical missionary societies|Christian organizations established in the 19th century|1893 establishments in Nigeria |
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