| 词条 | Sinfonietta (Janáček) |
| 释义 |
"Sokol Festival"|composer=Leoš Janáček|image=Leos Janácek (1926).jpg|caption=Leos Janácek in 1926|period=Post-romanticism[1]|composed=1926|dedication=To the Czechoslovak Army|duration=20–25 minutes|movements=Five|scoring=Orchestra|premiere_date={{start date|1926|06|26|df=y}}|premiere_conductor=Václav Talich|premiere_location=Prague}} The Sinfonietta (subtitled “Military Sinfonietta” or “Sokol Festival”) is a very expressive and festive, late work for large orchestra (of which 25 are brass players) by the Czech composer Leoš Janáček. It is dedicated “To the Czechoslovak Army” and Janáček said it was intended to express “contemporary free man, his spiritual beauty and joy, his strength, courage and determination to fight for victory.”[2] It started by Janáček listening to a brass band, becoming inspired to write some fanfares of his own. When the organisers of the Sokol Gymnastic Festival approached him for a commission, he developed the material into the Sinfonietta. He later dropped the word military. The first performance was in Prague on 26 June 1926 under Václav Talich. The typical performance duration is 20–25 minutes. StructureSinfonietta is typical of Janáček's tight construction in that the material of each movement derive from the opening motif. It features several variants based on Janáček's original fanfare.
The piece is in five movements, all of which have descriptive subtitles: {{Ordered list|type=upper-roman|Allegretto — Allegro maestoso (Fanfare) |Andante — Allegretto (The Castle, Brno) |Moderato (The Queen's Monastery, Brno) |Allegretto (The Street Leading to the Castle) |Andante con moto (The Town Hall, Brno) }} The first movement is scored only for brass and percussion. The second movement begins with a rapid ostinato from the wind but later has a more lyrical episode. The third begins quietly in the strings but is interrupted by a stern figure in the trombones, leading to another fast dance-like passage. In the fourth movement, Janáček celebrates the newly liberated Czechoslovakia with a joyous trumpet fanfare. The finale begins in the key of E{{music|flat}} minor with a calm retrograde version of the opening melody. However, this quickly moves into a triumphant finale, the return of the opening fanfare decorated with swirling figures in the strings and wind. OrchestrationThe score calls for the following orchestra with expanded brass section: {{col-begin}}{{col-break}}
Piccolo, alternating Flute 4. 3 Flutes 2 Oboes English Horn Clarinet in E{{music|flat}} 2 Clarinets in B{{music|flat}} Bass Clarinet 2 Bassoons
4 Horns in F 9 Trumpets in C* 3 Trumpets in F 2 Bass Trumpets*{{col-break}} 4 Trombones 2 Wagner Tubas (as "Tenor Tubas")* Tuba
Timpani Cymbals Chimes
Harp Violins I, II Violas Violoncellos Double Basses{{col-break}}{{col-end}}
ArrangementsThe work was transcribed for symphonic wind ensemble by Don Patterson in 1994. This work was also used by the progressive rock band "Emerson, Lake & Palmer" for their piece entitled "Knife-Edge"
Selected recordings
Media{{listen|filename=Sinfonietta Castle.ogg|title=Sinfonietta: II. Andante (The Castle) (sound sample)|description=Organ arrangement: Josh Perschbacher|format=Ogg}}Appearances and references in other workA rearrangement of the opening of the Sinfonietta was used by the progressive rock band Emerson, Lake & Palmer for its song “Knife-Edge” on their debut album. The opening of the fourth movement (usually no more than about 40 seconds of it) was used as the theme tune for the UK Granada Television series Crown Court during the 1970s and 1980s, although it was never heard in full in any episode. It would be during this opening that the court reporter, Peter Wheeler, would, as a voice-over, either set the scene for a new fictional, yet legally accurate case (in terms of the laws of England and Wales) or else describe the proceedings that had occurred in previous episodes. The third movement, Moderato (The Queen's Monastery), was the inspiration and soundtrack for the animated film The Queen's Monastery by Emma Calder.[3][4] Haruki Murakami's novel 1Q84 begins with the Sinfonietta playing on a taxi's radio. The work then appears several times later in the novel as a recurring theme connecting the two main characters. The popularity of the novel has led to an increase in sales of recordings of the Sinfonietta in Japan.[5]References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/composition/sinfonietta-for-orchestra-military-sokol-festival-jw-6-18-mc0002658111|title=Sinfonietta for orchestra|website=AllMusic|access-date=2018-04-20}} 2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26159166|title=Classical Music: The 50 Greatest Composers and Their 1,000 Greatest Works|last=Goulding|first=Phil G.|date=1992|publisher=Fawcett Columbine|year=|isbn=0449910423|edition= 1st|location=New York|pages=526|oclc=26159166}} 3. ^https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0219989/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1a=undefined 4. ^{{cite book|last=Elsey|first=Eileen|title=In Short: A Guide to Short Film-Making in the Digital Age|publisher=(BFI Modern Classics)|isbn=978-0851708935}} 5. ^{{cite web|last=Morales|first=Daniel|title=The knock-on effect of Murakami’s "1Q84" series|url=http://blog.japantimes.co.jp/japan-pulse/the-knock-on-effect-of-murakami%E2%80%99s-%E2%80%9C1q84%E2%80%9D-series/|work=The Japan Times presents Japan Pulse|publisher=The Japan Times|accessdate=18 April 2013}} External links
3 : Compositions by Leoš Janáček|Sinfoniettas|1926 compositions |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。