“Singularity function”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Singularity function

释义

Integration
Example beam calculation
See also
References
External links

Singularity functions are a class of discontinuous functions that contain singularities, i.e. they are discontinuous at their singular points. Singularity functions have been heavily studied in the field of mathematics under the alternative names of generalized functions and distribution theory.^[1]^[2]^[3] The functions are notated with brackets, as where n is an integer. The "" are often referred to as singularity brackets . The functions are defined as:

n

-2
-1
0
1
2

where: δ(x) is the Dirac delta function, also called the unit impulse. The first derivative of δ(x) is also called the unit doublet. The function is the Heaviside step function: H(x)=0 for x<0 and H(x)=1 for x>0. The value of H(0) will depend upon the particular convention chosen for the Heaviside step function. Note that this will only be an issue for n=0 since the functions contain a multiplicative factor of x-a for n>0.

is also called the Ramp function.

Integration

Integrating can be done in a convenient way in which the constant of integration is automatically included so the result will be 0 at x=a.

Example beam calculation

The deflection of a simply supported beam as shown in the diagram, with constant cross-section and elastic modulus, can be found using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Here we are using the sign convention of downwards forces and sagging bending moments being positive.

Load distribution:

Shear force:

Bending moment:

Slope:

Because the slope is not zero at x=0, a constant of integration, c, is added

Deflection:

The boundary condition u=0 at x=4m allows us to solve for c=-7Nm²

References

1. ^{{citation|first=A. H.|last=Zemanian|title=Distribution Theory and Transform Analysis|publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Company|year=1965}}
2. ^{{citation|first=R. F.|last=Hoskins|title=Generalised Functions|publisher=Halsted Press|year=1979}}
3. ^{{citation|first=M.J.|last=Lighthill|title=Fourier Analysis and Generalized Functions|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1958}}

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20100401012230/http://www.cgl.uwaterloo.ca/~tjlahey/sfunctions.pdf Singularity Functions (Tim Lahey)]
Singularity functions (J. Lubliner, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering)
Beams: Deformation by Singularity Functions (Dr. Ibrahim A. Assakkaf)

1 : Generalized functions

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Integration

Example beam calculation

See also

References

External links