| 词条 | Sir Charles Fergusson, 7th Baronet |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = General | name = Sir Charles Fergusson | honorific-suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=|Bt|GCB|GCMG|DSO|MVO}} | nationality = British | image = Sir Charles Fergusson, ca 1926.jpg | smallimage = | alt = Formal head and shoulders portrait of a man in his early 60s. | caption = Sir Charles Fergusson, circa 1926 | order = 3rd | office = Governor-General of New Zealand | term_start = 13 December 1924 | term_end = 8 February 1930 | monarch = George V | predecessor = The Viscount Jellicoe | successor = The Lord Bledisloe | birth_date = {{Birth date|1865|01|17|df=y}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{death date and age|1951|02|20|1865|01|17|df=y}} | death_place = Maybole, Ayrshire Scotland | spouse = | relations = Sir James Fergusson, 6th Baronet (father) | children = Bernard Fergusson, Baron Ballantrae | profession = | religion = | party = | allegiance ={{flagicon|United Kingdom}} United Kingdom | branch = British Army | serviceyears =1883–1922 | rank =General | unit = | commands =5th Division 9th (Scottish) Division II Corps XVII Corps | battles =Mahdist War First World War | mawards =Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George Distinguished Service Order Member of the Royal Victorian Order | laterwork = }} General Sir Charles Fergusson, 7th Baronet {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|GCB|GCMG|DSO|MVO}} (17 January 1865 – 20 February 1951) was a British Army officer and the third Governor-General of New Zealand. Early life and military careerCharles was the son of Sir James Fergusson, 6th Baronet, the 6th Governor of New Zealand. He was educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, before joining the Grenadier Guards in 1883.[1] He served in Sudan from 1896 to 1898, becoming Commanding Officer of the 15th Sudanese Regiment in 1899 and Commander of the Omdurman District in 1900.[1] He was made Adjutant General of the Egyptian Army 1901 and Commanding Officer of 3rd Bn Grenadier Guards in 1904 before becoming a Brigadier-General on the staff of the Irish Command in 1907.[1] He was appointed Inspector of Infantry in 1909 and General Officer Commanding 5th Division in Ireland in 1913 – in this capacity he played a key role during the Curragh incident, ensuring his officers obeyed orders.[2] He took the 5th Division to France in August 1914 at the start of the First World War[2] and then briefly took command of 9th (Scottish) Division from October to December 1914.[3] He commanded II Corps from January 1915 and then, from May 1916, XVII Corps which he led until the end of the war.[2] After the war he was a Military Governor of Cologne before he retired in 1922.[1] Governor-General of New ZealandA year after an unsuccessful attempt to enter Parliament through the South Ayrshire constituency in the 1923 general election,[4] Fergusson was appointed Governor-General of New Zealand and served until 1930.[1] His father, Sir James Fergusson, had served as a Governor of New Zealand, and his son Bernard Ballantrae was the tenth and last British-appointed Governor-General. On 20 June 1929 Fergusson was involved in a railway accident, following the 1929 Murchison earthquake. Attached to the rear of a train leaving the National Dairy Show at Palmerston North with 200 passengers on board, the Viceregal carriage contained the Governor-General and his wife and other members of the Viceregal party. The train hit a slip between Paekakariki and Pukerua Bay, with the locomotive falling down a steep bank and injuring the driver. The first three carriages of the train also left the rails, but the Viceregal carriage remained on the tracks, and Fergusson and his party suffered only minor cuts and bruises.[5] Marriage and familyFergusson married Lady Alice Mary Boyle on 18 July 1901. She was a daughter of David Boyle, 7th Earl of Glasgow. They had five children:[6]
FreemasonryFergusson was a Freemason. During his term as Governor-General (1925-1928), he was also Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of New Zealand.[7] Later lifeAfter his term in New Zealand, he became chairman of the West Indies Closer Union Commission and was Lord Lieutenant of Ayrshire from 1937 until his death on 20 February 1951. Arms{{Infobox COA wide|image = Fergusson of Kilkerran arms.svg |bannerimage = |badgeimage = |notes = The arms of Charles Fergusson consist of: |adopted = |crest = A bee on a thistle Proper. |torse = |helm = |escutcheon = Azure, a buckle Argent between three boars’ heads couped Or. |supporters = |compartment = |motto = “Dulcius ex asperis”, All the sweeter for having undergone bitterness, 2 (on compartment) “Ut prosim aliis”, May I profit others. |orders = |other_elements = |banner = |badge = |symbolism = |previous_versions = }} References1. ^1 2 3 4 Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives 2. ^1 2 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 3. ^Army Commands {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705211343/http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Army%20Commands%201900-2011.pdf |date=5 July 2015 }} 4. ^{{cite book |title=An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand |origyear=First published in 1966 |publisher=Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga |url= http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/fergusson-general-sir-charles-gcb-gcmg-dso-mvo-lld | editor-first=A. H. |editor-last=McLintock |editor-link=Alexander Hare McLintock |accessdate=9 May 2015 |chapter= Fergusson, General Sir Charles, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., D.S.O., M.V.O., LL.D. (Glasgow), Bt. |date= 23 April 2009}} 5. ^{{citation|author=Gavin McLean|title=The Governors, New Zealand Governors and Governors-General|publisher=Otago University Press|url= http://www.otago.ac.nz/press/booksauthors/2006/governors.html |isbn= 978-1-877372-25-4|date=October 2006}} 6. ^The Peerage, entry for Lady Alice Boyle 7. ^Vice Regal Grand Masters - Who and Why? {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409023926/http://kenthenderson.com.au/m_papers03.html |date=9 April 2013 }} External links{{commons category|Sir Charles Fergusson, 7th Baronet}}
|-{{s-bef|before=Colin Mackenzie}}{{s-ttl|title=GOC 9th (Scottish) Division|years=October–December 1914}}{{s-aft|after=Herman Landon}} |-{{s-bef|before=Horace Smith-Dorrien}}{{s-ttl|title=GOC II Corps|years=1915–1916}}{{s-aft|after=Claud Jacob}} |-{{s-bef|before=Julian Byng}}{{s-ttl|title=GOC XVII Corps|years=1916–1918}}{{s-aft|after=Post disbanded}} |-{{s-gov}}{{succession box | before=The Viscount Jellicoe| title=Governor-General of New Zealand | years=1924–1930 | after=The Viscount Bledisloe}}{{s-hon}}{{succession box | title = Lord Lieutenant of Ayrshire | years = 1937–1951 | before = The Marquess of Ailsa | after = Sir Geoffrey Hughes-Onslow }}{{s-reg|sct-bt}}{{succession box | before=James Fergusson | after=James Fergusson | title=Baronet (of Kilkerran) | years=1907–1957}}{{s-end}}{{Governors-General of New Zealand}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Fergusson, Charles}} 16 : 1865 births|1951 deaths|People educated at Eton College|Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst|British Army generals of World War I|British Army personnel of the Mahdist War|Baronets in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia|Governors-General of New Zealand|Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George|Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath|Members of the Royal Victorian Order|Companions of the Distinguished Service Order|Lord-Lieutenants of Ayrshire|New Zealand people of Scottish descent|New Zealand Freemasons|Grenadier Guards officers |
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