请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Sirius XM Satellite Radio
释义

  1. Pre-merger

     Early days of Sirius  Early days of XM 

  2. Merger

     Announcement  Approval  Opposition 

  3. Post-merger

     Resurgence and growth  Executives  Internet and mobile  Subscriptions  Legal settlement 

  4. Programming

  5. Canadian counterparts

  6. Technical

     Receivers  Satellites 

  7. Milestones

  8. References

  9. External links

{{short description|Satellite broadcasting company}}{{Infobox company
| name = Sirius XM Holdings, Inc.
| logo = Sirius XM Radio Logo.svg
| type = Public
| traded_as = {{NASDAQ|SIRI}}
NASDAQ-100 Component
Russell 1000 Component
| foundation = {{Start date and age|2008|07|29}}
| founder = Martine Rothblatt
David Margolese
Robert Briskman
|
| location = 1221 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
U.S.
| hq_location_city =
| hq_location_country =
| area_served = United States and Canada
| key_people = Greg Maffei
(Chairman)
James E. Meyer
(CEO)
Gene Balboa
(President and CCO)
| industry = Radio broadcasting
| products = Satellite radio
Internet radio
| revenue = {{increase}} US$5 billion (2016)[1]
| operating_income = {{increase}} US$1.876 billion (2016)[1]
| net_income = {{increase}} US$746 million (2016)[1]
| assets = {{increase}} US$8.0003595 billion (2016)[1]
| equity = {{decrease}} −US$792.015 million (2016)[1]
| num_employees = 2,323 (2015)[2]
| divisions = Sirius Satellite Radio
XM Satellite Radio
Pandora Radio
| owner = Liberty Media (68.5%)[3]
| homepage = {{URL|www.siriusxm.com}}
}}Sirius XM Holdings, Inc., doing business as Sirius XM Satellite Radio, is a broadcasting company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City that provides three satellite radio and online radio services operating in the United States: Sirius Satellite Radio, XM Satellite Radio, and Sirius XM Radio. The company also has a minor interest in SiriusXM Canada, an affiliate company that provides Sirius and XM service in Canada. At the end of 2013, Sirius XM reorganized their corporate structure, which made Sirius XM Radio Inc. a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of Sirius XM Holdings, Inc.[4]

Sirius XM Radio was formed after the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved the acquisition of XM Satellite Radio Holding, Inc. by Sirius Satellite Radio, Inc. on July 29, 2008, 17 months after the companies first proposed the merger.[5] The merger brought the combined companies a total of more than 18.5 million subscribers based on current subscriber numbers on the date of merging.[5] The deal was valued at $3.3 billion, not including debt.[6] Through Q2 2017, Sirius XM has more than 32 million subscribers.[7]

The proposed merger was opposed by those who felt a merger would create a monopoly. Sirius and XM argued that a merger was the only way that satellite radio could survive.[6]

In September 2018, the company agreed to purchase the competing streaming music service, Pandora[8], and this transaction was successfully completed on the 1st of February 2019.[9]

Pre-merger

Early days of Sirius

{{Main|Sirius Satellite Radio}}Sirius Satellite Radio was founded by Martine Rothblatt, David Margolese, and Robert Briskman.[10][11] In 1990, Rothblatt founded Satellite CD Radio in Washington, DC.[10][12] The company was the first to petition the FCC to assign unused frequencies for satellite radio broadcast, which "provoked a furor among owners of both large and small [terrestrial] radio stations."[12] In April 1992, Rothblatt resigned as chairman and CEO to start a medical research foundation.[10] Former NASA engineer Briskman, who designed the company's satellite technology, was then appointed chairman and CEO.[13][14] Six months later, in November 1992, Rogers Wireless co-founder Margolese, who had provided financial backing for the venture, acquired control of the company and succeeded Briskman. Margolese renamed the company CD Radio, and spent the next five years lobbying the FCC to allow satellite radio to be deployed, and the following five years raising $1.6 billion, which was used to build and launch three satellites into elliptical orbit from Kazakhstan in July 2000.[14][15][16][17] In 1997, after Margolese had obtained regulatory clearance and "effectively created the industry," the FCC also sold a license to XM Satellite Radio, which followed Sirius' example.[18] In November 1999, marketing chief Ira Bahr convinced Margolese to again change the name of the company,{{Citation needed|date=August 2013}} this time to Sirius Satellite Radio, in order to avoid association with the soon-to-be-outdated CD technology.[11] Having secured installation deals with automakers, including BMW, Chrysler and Ford,[17] Sirius launched the initial phase of its service in four cities on February 14, 2002,[19] expanding to the rest of the contiguous United States on July 1, 2002.[20]{{radio sidebar}}

In November 2001, Margolese stepped down as CEO, remaining as chairman until November 2003, with Sirius issuing a statement thanking him "for his great vision, leadership and dedication in creating both Sirius and the satellite radio industry."[21] Joe Clayton, former CEO of Global Crossing, followed as CEO from November 2001 until November 2004; stayed on as chairman until July 2008.[22] Mel Karmazin, former president of Viacom, became CEO in November 2004 and remained in that position through the merger, until December 2012.[23][24]

Early days of XM

{{Main|XM Satellite Radio}}

The origin of XM Satellite Radio was a Petition for Rulemaking filed at the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) by regulatory attorney and Founder of Satellite CD Radio Martine Rothblatt, to establish frequencies and licensing rules for the world's first-ever Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service (SDARS).[25][26] On May 18, 1990, Satellite CD Radio, Inc. (SCDR) filed a Petition for Rule Making in which it requested spectrum to offer Compact Disc quality digital audio radio service to be delivered by satellites and complementary radio transmitters.[27] Following the Allocation NPRM, the FCC established a December 15, 1992 cut-off date for applications proposing satellite DARS to be considered in conjunction with CD Radio's application.[28][29] One such application came from American Mobile Radio Corporation (AMRC), the predecessor company to XM Satellite Radio.[30] XM Satellite Radio was founded by Lon Levin and Gary Parsons.[31][32] It has its origins in the 1988 formation of the American Mobile Satellite Corporation (AMSC), a consortium of several organizations originally dedicated to satellite broadcasting of telephone, fax, and data signals.[33] In 1992, AMSC established a unit called the American Mobile Radio Corporation, dedicated to developing a satellite-based digital radio service; this was spun off as XM Satellite Radio Holdings, Inc. in 1998.[34][35] Its planned financing was complete by July 2000, at which point XM had raised $1.26 billion and secured installation agreements with General Motors, Honda, and Toyota.[17][36] Initially scheduled for September 12, 2001, XM's service start date was postponed due to the September 11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and The Pentagon.[37] XM Satellite Radio's first broadcast was on September 25, 2001, nearly four months before Sirius.[20]

Gary Parsons served as chairman of XM Satellite Radio from its inception through the merger, and resigned from the position in November 2009.[32] Hugh Panero served as XM's CEO from 1998 until July 2007, shortly after the merger with Sirius was proposed. Nate Davis was appointed interim CEO until the merger was completed, at which point Sirius CEO Mel Karmazin took over as CEO of the newly merged company, Sirius XM.[38]

Merger

{{Wikinews|In depth: XM and Sirius merger}}

Announcement

After years of speculation (the New York Post first reported on a potential merger in January 2005)[23] and three months of serious negotiations, the $13 billion merger between Sirius and XM was officially announced on February 19, 2007.[39] At the time, the nation's only two satellite radio providers reported nearly 14 million combined subscribers (with nearly 8 million belonging to XM), with neither having turned an annual profit. Sirius was valued at $5.2 billion, and XM at $3.75 billion.[33] Each subscription was sold for $12.95 monthly.[40]

XM and Sirius executives felt the merger would lower programming costs by eliminating overlapping stations and duplicated marketing costs. According to their original operating licenses, the two companies were not allowed to ever own each other's license. In proceeding with the merger, Sirius CEO Mel Karmazin ignored this rule, gambling that the FCC would consider other audio entertainment to be competitors and allow the merger to proceed by waiving the rule.[39][41]

Approval

After a 57-week review process, the U.S. Justice Department approved the Sirius and XM merger on March 24, 2008, concluding that satellite radio competes with terrestrial radio, online streaming, and mp3 players and tablets.[41][42] On July 25, 2008, the FCC approved the merger with a 3–2 vote, determining that it was not a monopoly because of all the competition on the Internet. FCC chairman Kevin Martin stated, "The merger is in the public interest and will provide consumers with greater flexibility and choices."

The biggest challenge for the newly unified company was selling more subscriptions with the drop in the number of cars sold annually in the US, the subsequent reduced demand for cars equipped with satellite radio, as well as online radio-streaming competition. Conditions of the merger included allowing any third-party company to make satellite radio devices; producing new radios that can receive both XM and Sirius channels within one year; allowing consumers to choose which channels they would like to have; freezing subscription rates for three years; setting aside 8% of its channels for noncommercial programmers; and paying $19.7 million in fines for past rule violations.[43][44] Sirius and XM began merging their channels on November 12, 2008.[45]

Each share of XM stock was replaced with 4.6 shares of Sirius stock. Each company's stockholders initially retained approximately 50% of the joined company.[46]

At the time of the merger, Sirius' top programming included channels for Howard Stern, and Martha Stewart; live NBA and NFL games; and live NASCAR races. XM's programming included channels for Willie Nelson, Opie and Anthony, Snoop Dogg, and Oprah Winfrey; and live Major League Baseball games.[42]

Opposition

The National Association of Broadcasters was adamantly opposed to the merger, calling it a monopoly.[39] Shortly after the Justice Department gave its support to the merger without restrictions, attorneys general from 11 states (Connecticut, Iowa, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Utah, and Washington) urged the FCC to impose restrictions on the merger.[47] Several Congressional Democrats also opposed the merger, calling it anticompetitive and criticizing the Bush administration for allowing it to go through.[42]

Post-merger

Resurgence and growth

After coming close to filing for Chapter 11 only months after the 2008 merger, having gone so far as to hire lawyers to prepare a possible bankruptcy filing,[48] Sirius XM was able to avoid declaring bankruptcy with the assistance of a $530 million loan from Liberty Media in February 2009, which Mel Karmazin negotiated in exchange for a 40% equity stake in Sirius XM.[49][50]

In the fourth quarter of 2009, Sirius XM posted a profit for the first time, with a net income of $14.2 million. This came after net losses of $245.8 million in the year following the merger. The company's resurgence was owed in part to the loan from Liberty Media. Increased automobile sales in the US was also a factor. Sirius XM ended 2009 with 18.8 million subscribers.[49] By the end of 2012, Sirius XM's subscriber base had grown to 23.9 million, mostly due to an increase in partnerships with automakers and car dealers; a strong push in the used-car market; and continued improved car sales in the US in general. The renewal of radio show host Howard Stern's contract through 2015 ($400 million for five years, $100 million less than Stern's previous five-year deal) was also a factor in the company's steady growth; Stern's show attracted over 12 million listeners per week.[50][51]

As of 2017, Sirius XM had approximately a 75% penetration rate in the new car market. Out of that 75%, approximately 40% become subscribers. SiriusXM is available in vehicles from every major car company as well as in assorted trucks, boats and aircraft. The company offers trial subscriptions to new car owners, and then offers customers a variety of subscription options. There are more than 100 million cars on the road with SiriusXM radios installed.

After trying for four years, on December 21, 2010, Sirius XM received approval from the FCC to add service in Alaska and Hawaii. Sirius XM announced on January 17, 2011 that it would place repeaters in those states and adjust three of its satellites to cover those areas. The move gave Sirius XM coverage in all 50 states.[52]

On January 12, 2011, XM Satellite Radio, Inc. was dissolved as a separate entity and merged into Sirius XM Radio, Inc.[53] On April 11, 2011, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) approved the merger of Sirius and XM's Canadian affiliates in SiriusXM Canada.[54]

On April 11, 2013, a New York appeals court upheld a New York judge's ruling, from April 2012, that Howard Stern was not entitled to stock bonuses based on Sirius XM's exceeding subscriber target projections. The court ruled that subscribers to XM Satellite Radio from before the Sirius XM merger should not be counted as "Sirius subscribers" for the purposes of Stern's lawsuit. Stern argued the opposite, because his popularity had played an integral role in helping Sirius acquire XM. He had been seeking $330 million in stock bonuses.[55][56]

In 2017, SiriusXM surpassed 32 million subscribers.{{cn|date=September 2018}}

On September 24, 2018, Sirius XM announced its intent to acquire Pandora for $3.5 billion.[57]

Executives

Following the merger, Sirius CEO Mel Karmazin became CEO of the combined company, and XM chairman Gary Parsons retained his role.[58] XM CEO and co-founder Hugh Panero stepped down in August 2007, shortly after the merger was first announced.[6]

XM Satellite Radio executives who were not offered jobs in the new combined company were assured golden parachute severance packages that had been approved in 2007. Former CEO Nate Davis received a severance package worth $10 million. Erik Toppenberg, executive vice president of programming, received a severance package worth $5.34 million. CFO Joseph Euteneuer received a severance package worth $4.9 million. Vernon Irvin, chief marketing officer, received a severance package worth $4.5 million.[59]

In November 2009, Parsons resigned as chairman of Sirius XM, receiving a payout of more than $9 million.[32][59] He was succeeded by Eddy Hartenstein, former publisher and CEO of the Los Angeles Times.[32] In December 2012, Mel Karmazin stepped down as Sirius XM CEO after Liberty Media gained control of 49.5% of the company. James E. Meyer was named interim CEO.[60] On April 30, 2013, he was named permanent CEO.[61] Also in April 2013, Liberty Media CEO Greg Maffei was named Sirius XM's chairman, succeeding Hartenstein.[62]

Internet and mobile

Sirius XM radio content is available to stream online either as an add-on to existing subscriptions or as an Internet-only option.[63] Internet and mobile services directly challenging Sirius XM include iHeartRadio, Pandora, and Spotify.[50]

In August 2011, SiriusXM announced that the company would start offering a personalized interactive online radio experience. MySXM debuted on April 15, 2013, allowing users to fine-tune over 50 existing Sirius XM channels. MySXM is available to all Sirius XM subscribers.[63][64]

The internet player allows subscribers to customize most stations to their liking by adjusting settings like: familiar/hits or unfamiliar/depth, studio recordings or live performances, and new/recent or old/classic material. These customized stations also allow listeners to play music without DJ interruptions. SiriusXM apps also include an extensive lineup of archived programming on SiriusXM On Demand.

On June 17, 2009, Sirius XM released an application for use on Apple's iPhone and iPod Touch, allowing its subscribers to listen to its programming on those devices. The app did not feature all of the programming available to satellite listeners.[65] On March 17, 2011, the app was also made available for the iPad.[66] In 2012, the app was updated for iOS and Android, featuring additional content, and the ability to pause, rewind, and fast-forward through audio streams.[67]

On February 4, 2010, the Sirius XM BlackBerry application was announced, for use on BlackBerry smartphones (the Bold, Curve, Storm, and Tour).[68] As of April 2013, the app featured over 150 channels.[69]

On May 28, 2010, the Sirius XM application for Android smartphones was announced.[70] As of April 2013, the app features over 130 channels.[71]

As part of Howard Stern's new five-year contract with Sirius XM, which he signed on December 9, 2010, The Howard Stern Show, which hadn't previously been made available on mobile devices, would now be a part of Sirius XM's mobile app package.[72]

On March 18, 2015, SiriusXM released a refreshed user interface of the application on Android and iOS.[73]

As of October 2017, SiriusXM is available for streaming via custom apps on a variety of connected devices including Amazon Alexa[74] and Fire TV, Sonos, PlayStation, Roku, and smart TVs.

In May 2018, SiriusXM unveiled a new look for both the desktop web player and the mobile apps. The MySXM feature, including all the custom mixes that listeners saved overtime, was removed. SiriusXM claims that they're working on a more personalized feature that will release in the upcoming months.[75]

Subscriptions

Following the merger, Sirius XM began offering numerous new options, including a la carte offerings, a family-friendly version, and "mostly music" or "news, sports, and talk" packages, ranging in price from $6.99 to $16.99 per month.[76]

Prior to the merger, Sirius offered, for a one-time fee, a lifetime subscription (lasting the lifetime of the receiver, not the subscriber).[33] After the merger, due to changes in bundling policies, some customers who had purchased lifetime subscriptions had their service reduced or canceled, and were unable to obtain a refund.[77]

Legal settlement

On December 4, 2014, Sirius XM Holdings agreed to a $3.8 million USD settlement with 45 states and the District of Columbia, over a suit initiated by the Ohio Attorney General, Mike DeWine, stemming from the company's billing and service renewal practices. The suit alleged Sirius XM Holdings was engaged in "misleading, unfair and deceptive acts or practices in violation of state consumer protection laws," Attorney General DeWine said.[78]

Programming

{{Main|List of Sirius XM Radio channels}}

SiriusXM is the exclusive home to Howard Stern with two dedicated Howard Stern channels. SiriusXM’s talk, news and comedy programming features channels from news outlets including BBC, CNBC, FOX News, CNN, MSNBC, Bloomberg, NPR, C-SPAN, exclusive talk and entertainment channels including TODAY Show Radio, Business Radio Powered By The Wharton School, Entertainment Weekly Radio, Faction Talk, Radio Andy, Joel Osteen Radio, and comedy from channels including Comedy Central Radio, Comedy Greats, The Foxxhole, Laugh USA, Raw Dog Comedy and George Carlin’s Carlin’s Corner.

SiriusXM music programming includes artist branded channels from The Beatles, Bruce Springsteen, Eminem, Garth Brooks, Tom Petty, Pearl Jam, Kenny Chesney, Pitbull and many more, curated music channels dedicated to multiple decades and genres that span rock, pop, country, R&B, hip-hop, electronic dance, jazz and more, and concept-based channels, such as The Coffee House, SiriusXM Chill, Road Trip Radio, Yacht Rock Radio, and The Covers Channel.

SiriusXM offers live play-by-play coverage of every NFL, Major League Baseball, and NBA game; every NASCAR race; NHL games; PGA Tour events; and live college sports, as well as news, analysis and opinions from more than a dozen dedicated sports talk channels.

Canadian counterparts

{{Main|SiriusXM Canada}}

In Canada, Sirius Canada and XM Canada were partially owned by Sirius XM (20% and 23.3% respectively) in joint ventures with Canadian companies.[79] After the US merger, the two Canadian ventures did not immediately agree to a similar merger, but instead remained in competition as distinct services.[80] Complicating matters was that Sirius Canada has nearly 80% of the total satellite radio subscriber base in that country, and felt they deserved greater than a 50/50 split of the new company, whereas XM Canada felt their deal with the NHL—a particularly lucrative prize in Canadian sports broadcasting—also warranted a significant amount of value in the new company.[80]

On November 24, 2010, XM Radio Canada and Sirius Canada announced that they would merge their services.[81] On April 12, 2011, the CRTC approved the companies' merger into SiriusXM Canada.[82] John Bitove's Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc., the licensee of XM Canada, gained a 30% share in the new company as its primary and controlling shareholder, while Slaight Communications and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, the current owners of Sirius Canada, each retained 20% ownership. Sirius XM's American parent company would hold 25%.[54] The merger was completed on June 21, 2011.[83]

Technical

Receivers

XM and Sirius use different compression and conditional access systems, making their receivers incompatible with each other's service. A condition of the merger was that Sirius XM would bring to the market satellite radios that can receive both XM and Sirius channels within one year.[44] The interoperable radio, called the MiRGE, was made available beginning in March 2009[84] but was soon discontinued after both services eliminated duplicate channels, obviating the need for it. {{As of|2016|02}}, Sirius XM offers radios for home, office, automotive, marine, and aviation use.[85]

SiriusXM Marine is graphical weather and fishing info for boaters. The service works with most major marine-electronics hardware companies, such as Raymarine, Furuno, Simrad and Garmin.[86] The Marine Offshore package includes graphical weather radar; cloud-to-cloud and cloud-to-ground lightning; high-resolution coastal and offshore wave heights, direction and intervals; high-resolution sea-surface temperatures; pressure isobars; buoy data, etc.

SiriusXM Aviation provides satellite-based graphical weather info for pilots, which provides better signal coverage and faster data refresh rate than land-based ADS-B service.[87]{{secondary source needed|date=January 2019}} The 2020 FAA Mandate does not require pilots to equip with ADS‑B/FIS‑B weather. [88]

SiriusXM Aviation receiver Model # SXAR1 and Garmin GDL51/GDL52 enables pilots to use an iPad or iPhone with the Foreflight Mobile App, via Bluetooth, to view the SiriusXM Aviation in-flight weather and data delivered via satellite to monitor storm fronts, track lightning strikes, TAFs, METARs, winds and more.[89]

Satellites

{{As of|2017|05}}, there are five satellites in orbit: two XM and two Sirius satellites and one spare.[90] XM-3 and XM-4 are the active satellites for the XM service and replaced the original XM-1 and XM-2 satellites which were placed into a disposal orbit. Sirius FM-5 and FM-6 function as the primaries for the Sirius side. FM-6 which was launched on October 25, 2013 and declared ready for service on December 2, 2013 initially served as an in orbit spare while the company worked to deploy repeaters for the Sirius side which were needed to transition to full geostationary operation. In 2016 FM-6 was put into active service and officially replaced Sirius originals FM-1 through FM-3 which operated in elliptical orbit. FM-1 through FM-3 were later placed into disposal orbits. With this change FM-5 and FM-6 exclusively serve the Sirius service mirroring XM-3 and 4. Before FM-6 was launched, XM-5 was sent into orbit by Proton from Kazakhstan, on October 14, 2010, and is capable of broadcasting to either service.[91][92] XM-5 serves as the in orbit spare for the entire system and can function in place of either a Sirius or XM satellite. In late 2016 Sirius XM placed an order for two new satellites SXM-7 and SXM-8 which will replace XM-3 and XM-4. These are scheduled for launch in 2019 and 2020 respectively.

Sirius satellites broadcast within the S band frequencies from 2.3200–2.3325 GHz, while XM radio uses adjacent frequencies 2.3325–2.3450 GHz.[93][94]

Milestones

The following milestones have been set during and after the merger:

Date Event Comments
February 2007 Execute definitive agreement
March 2007 File FCC application
June 2007 FCC places application on "Public Notice" (DA 07-2417) Comments and petitions were due July 11, 2007; responses and oppositions were due July 24, 2007.
November 2007 Sirius/XM shareholder votes Announced October 4, 2007, and voted upon on November 13, 2007. 96% of Sirus shareholders approved the merger,[95] and 99.8% of XMSR shareholders also approved.[96]
March 2008 Receive regulatory approvals On March 24, 2008, the U.S. Department of Justice ended its investigation of the merger (i.e. decided against blocking the deal).[97]
July 2008 Receive FCC approval On July 25, 2008, the FCC approved the merger voting 3-2 down party lines.[98]
July 2008 Merger completed XM stock trading ceases July 28, 2008. Sirius XM Radio, Inc. becomes the name of the merged corporation.
November 2008 Programming merged
March 2009 MiRGE released First receiver to compatible with both Sirius and XM signals is released
December 2010 Alaska and Hawaii expansion Receives FCC approval to add service to the two states, thus giving Sirius XM coverage in all 50 states
April 2013 MySXM debuts A personalized interactive online radio experience
October 2013 Clear Channel-programmed stations removed Channels programmed by Clear Channel, including America's Talk, Sixx Sense, Fox Sports Radio and WSIX-FM, are removed months after Clear Channel sells its stake in Sirius XM; WHTZ/New York and KIIS-FM/Los Angeles are retained under a separate agreement.[99]
April 2016 Surpasses 30 million subscribers Sirius XM announces through Q1 of 2016, the company has a total of 30.1 million subscribers.[100]
August 2017Dark Horse RadioLaura Cantrell presents the music of George Harrison.

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://investor.siriusxm.com/investor-overview/press-releases/press-release-details/2017/SiriusXM-Reports-Fourth-Quarter-and-Full-Year-2016-Results/default.aspx|title=SiriusXM Reports Fourth Quarter and Full-Year 2016 Results|website=investor.siriusxm.com}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://d1lge852tjjqow.cloudfront.net/CIK-0000908937/57ed9586-d67e-45d0-b999-a358fe698edb.pdf |title=10-K 2015 Annual Report |publisher=SiriusXM Holdings |accessdate=February 2, 2016}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=Sirius XM Holdings, Inc company|url=http://www.4-traders.com/SIRIUS-XM-HOLDINGS-INC-14962202/company/|accessdate=June 26, 2017|website=4-traders.com}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/SIRI/3358511009x0x741176/DECE4582-303F-41DC-8F2A-AE1F048739E9/SiriusXM_Annual_Report_and_Proxy_2013.pdf|title=SiriusXM Annual Report and Proxy 2013|date=2013|accessdate=July 27, 2014|website=shareholder.com|deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104133240/http://files.shareholder.com/downloads/SIRI/3358511009x0x741176/DECE4582-303F-41DC-8F2A-AE1F048739E9/SiriusXM_Annual_Report_and_Proxy_2013.pdf|archivedate=January 4, 2015|df=}}
5. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/industryNews/idUSN2926292520080730?sp=true |title=Sirius completes acquisition of XM Satellite|publisher=Reuters|date=July 29, 2008}}
6. ^1 2 {{cite news |author=Hart, Kim |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/25/AR2008072503026.html?hpid=topnews |title=Satellite Radio Merger Approved|work=Washington Post|date=July 26, 2008}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://investor.siriusxm.com/investor-overview/press-releases/press-release-details/2017/SiriusXM-Reports-Second-Quarter-2017-Results/default.aspx|title=SiriusXM Reports Second Quarter 2017 Results|website=investor.siriusxm.com}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/sirius-xm-is-buying-pandora-1537788241|title=Sirius XM to Buy Pandora in Bet on Streaming Music|last=Steele|first=Anne|date=2018-09-24|work=Wall Street Journal|access-date=2018-09-25|last2=Prang|first2=Allison|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660}}
9. ^https://www.fool.com/investing/2019/02/05/sirius-xm-finally-ends-pandoras-misery.aspx
10. ^1 2 {{cite news|author=Herper, Matthew |url=https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/0510/second-acts-pharmaceuticals-orphan-drugs-pah-deep-breaths.html |title=From Satellites to Pharmaceuticals|work=Forbes|date=April 22, 2010}}
11. ^1 {{cite book|author=Warren, Steve|url=https://books.google.com/?id=s0jSxLqs-TwC&pg=PT181&lpg=PT181&dq=cd+radio+david+margolese |title=Radio: The Book|publisher=Focal Press|date=2004|page=166|isbn=978-0-240-80696-9}}
12. ^1 {{cite news|author=Andrews, Edmund L. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/08/business/fcc-plan-for-radio-by-satellite.html |title=F.C.C. Plan For Radio By Satellite|work=New York Times|date=October 8, 1992}}
13. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-12310541.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031092005/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-12310541.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 31, 2013 |title=Robert Briskman appointed chairman and CEO|work=Satellite News|date=June 1, 1992}}
14. ^1 {{cite news|author=McLean, Bethany |url=http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2001/01/22/295563/index.htm |title=Satellite Killed The Radio Star|work=Fortune|date=January 22, 2001|pages=94–100}}
15. ^{{cite new|author=Dillon, Nancy |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/money/beaming-radio-high-tech-fast-lane-article-1.875098 |title=Beaming Radio Into High-Tech Fast Lane|work=New York Daily News|date=June 5, 2000}}
16. ^{{cite book|author=Sterling, Christopher H. |url=https://books.google.com/?id=Z4XJQD4O_TkC&pg=PA750&lpg=PA750&dq=sirius+name+change+orbital#v=onepage&q=sirius%20name%20change%20orbital&f=false |title=Encyclopedia of Radio|volume=1|publisher=Taylor & Francis|date=2003|page=750|isbn=978-0-203-48428-9}}
17. ^1 2 {{cite news|author=Romero, Simon|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/10/business/xm-satellite-radio-completes-its-financing.html |title=XM Satellite Radio Completes Its Financing|work=New York Times|date=July 10, 2000}}
18. ^{{cite news|author=Houpt, Simon |url=http://www.davidmargolese.com/pub/report-on-business-web.pdf |title=Radio Flyer|work=Report on Business|date=September 2001|pages=14–16}}
19. ^{{cite news|url=http://radiomagonline.com/currents/business/radio_sirius_begins_satellite/|title=Sirius Begins Satellite Service|work=Radio|date=February 14, 2002|deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170607222527/http://www.radiomagonline.com/currents/business/radio_sirius_begins_satellite|archivedate=June 7, 2017|df=}}
20. ^1 {{cite news|author=Parker, Steve|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/steve-parker/xm-plus-sirius-satellite_b_114678.html |title=XM plus Sirius =Satellite Radio Monopoly|work=Huffington Post|date=July 24, 2008}}
21. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/David+Margolese+Steps+Down+as+Sirius+CEO.-a079162975 |title=David Margolese Steps Down as Sirius CEO|publisher=PRNewswire|date=October 16, 2001}}
22. ^{{cite web |author=Wauters, Robin |url=https://techcrunch.com/2011/05/16/former-sirius-ceo-joseph-clayton-takes-over-the-reins-from-ergen-at-dish/ |title=Former Sirius CEO Joseph Clayton Takes Over the Reins from Ergen at DISH |website=TechCrunch |date=May 16, 2011}}
23. ^1 {{cite news|author=Arango, Tim|url=http://www.nypost.com/p/item_sivjWZUWGYtboobVQP0y1M |title=Satellite Chat – Sirius, XM Are Exploring a Possible Merger|work=New York Post|date=January 26, 2005}}
24. ^{{cite news|author=Bond, Paul |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/mel-karmazin-leaves-sirius-xm-405475 |title=Mel Karmazin Leaves Sirius XM Radio|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=December 19, 2012}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1997-03-11/html/97-6064.htm |title=Digital Audio Service in the 2310–2360 MHZ Frequency Band |website=Federal Communications Commission |date=March 11, 1997 |accessdate=November 28, 2016}}
26. ^{{cite news|author=Andrews, Edmund L.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/08/business/fcc-plan-for-radio-by-satellite.html |title=F.C.C. Plan For Radio By Satellite|work=The New York Times|date=October 8, 1992}}
27. ^{{cite journal|author=United States Government Publishing Office|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1995-02-14/html/95-2949.htm |title=New Digital Audio Radio Services|journal=Federal Register|volume =60|number=30|date=February 14, 1995}}
28. ^{{cite web |url=https://transition.fcc.gov/Bureaus/International/News_Releases/1997/nrin7004.txt |title=FCC Announces Plan For Satellite DARS |publisher=Federal Communications Commission |date=March 3, 1997 |accessdate=November 29, 2016}}
29. ^{{cite journal|author=United States Government Publishing Office|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1995-07-06/html/95-16069.htm |title=Summary of Notice of Proposed Rule Making|journal=Federal Register|volume=60|number=129|date=July 6, 1995}}
30. ^{{cite web|publisher=Government Printing Office|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1995-07-06/html/95-16069.htm|title=FR-1995-07-06|date=July 6, 1995}}
31. ^{{cite news|author=Beiser, Vince|url=https://www.wired.com/science/space/magazine/15-11/ff_spacehotel?currentPage=4 |title=Hotel Biz Zillionaire's Next Venture? Inflatable Space Pods|work=Wired|date=October 23, 2007}}
32. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|author=Shwiff, Kathy|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703683804574532221444468060 |title=Parsons Resigns as Chairman of Sirius XM Radio|work=Wall Street Journal|date=November 12, 2009}}
33. ^1 2 {{cite news |author=Beschizza, Rob|url=https://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2007/02/10_things_you_m/ |title=10 Things You Might Not Know About the Sirius-XM Merger|work=Wired |date=February 20, 2007}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F98E7271A1EFA29&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |title=AMRC changes name to XM Satellite Radio|work=XM Satellite Radio press release|location=New York|publisher=BBC Archive|date=November 16, 1998}}
35. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/09/business/company-news-gm-and-clear-channel-buy-stake-in-xm-satellite-radio.html |title=G.M. and Clear Channel Buy Stake in XM Satellite Radio|work=The New York Times|date=June 9, 1999}}
36. ^{{cite news|author=Goldman, David |url=http://money.cnn.com/2008/03/24/news/companies/xm_sirius/ |title=XM-Sirius merger approved by DOJ|publisher=CNN Money|date=March 24, 2008}}
37. ^{{cite news|author=Shannon, Victoria |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/12/business/worldbusiness/12iht-techbrief_ed3__67.html |title=Attacks Postpone the Start of Satellite Radio Service|work=The New York Times|date=September 12, 2001}}
38. ^{{cite news|author=Triplett, William|url=https://variety.com/2007/digital/news/hugh-panero-leaving-xm-radio-1117969086/ |title=Hugh Panero leaving XM radio|work=Variety|date=July 24, 2007}}
39. ^1 2 {{cite news|authors=Siklos, Richard & Sorkin, Andrew Ross |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/20/business/media/20radio.html?pagewanted=all |title=Merger Would End Satellite Radio's Rivalry|work=The New York Times|date=February 20, 2007}}
40. ^{{cite news|author=Kharif, Olga |url=http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2005-07-13/xm-and-sirius-should-join-bands |title=XM and Sirius Should Join Bands|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|date=July 13, 2005}}
41. ^1 {{cite news|author=Moritz, Scott |url=http://money.cnn.com/2008/03/24/technology/xm_sirius.fortune/index.htm |title=Justice Department approves XM-Sirius deal|work=Fortune|date=March 24, 2008}}
42. ^1 2 {{cite news|author=Shenon, Philip |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/25/business/25radio.html?_r=0 |title=Justice Dept. Approves XM Merger With Sirius|work=The New York Times|date=March 25, 2008}}
43. ^{{cite news|author=Kharif, Olga|url=http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2008-07-25/the-fcc-approves-the-xm-sirius-mergerbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice |title=The FCC Approves the XM-Sirius Merger|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|date=July 25, 2008}}
44. ^1 {{cite news|author=Musil, Steven|url=http://news.cnet.com/8301-1035_3-10000241-94.html |title=FCC approves Sirius-XM satellite radio merger|work=CNET|date=July 25, 2008}}
45. ^{{cite news|author=Rosoff, Matt|url=http://news.cnet.com/sirius-xm-channel-merge-begins-next-week/ |title=Sirius-XM channel merge begins next week|publisher=CNET|date=November 8, 2008}}
46. ^{{cite news|authors=Ellis, David & La Monica, Paul R. |url=http://money.cnn.com/2007/02/19/news/companies/xm_sirius/ |title=XM, Sirius announcer merger|publisher=CNN Money|date=February 20, 2007}}
47. ^{{cite news|author=Rowley, James Rowley|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=auQ19XwOps1M&refer=us |title=States Urge FCC to Limit XM Satellite, Sirius Merger|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|date=March 27, 2008}}
48. ^{{cite web|author=Van Buskirk, Eliot|url=https://www.wired.com/business/2009/02/surprise-surpri/ |title=Surprise, Surprise... Sirius XM Already Talking Bankruptcy|website=Wired|date=February 11, 2009}}
49. ^1 {{cite news|agency=Reuters|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/26/technology/26radio.html?hpw&_r=0 |title=Sirius XM Posts Profit, Its First Since Merger|work=The New York Times|date=February 25, 2010}}
50. ^1 2 {{cite news |author=Bercovici, Jeff |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffbercovici/2012/04/03/sirius-xms-mel-karmazin-im-one-of-the-most-underpaid-executives-in-the-history-of-executive-payment/ |title=Sirius XM's Mel Karmazin: 'I'm One of the Most Underpaid Executives in the History of Executive Payment' |work=Forbes |date=April 3, 2012}}
51. ^{{cite news|author=Team, Trefis |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2013/04/12/can-sirius-xm-tune-in-big-subscriber-growth-this-year/ |title=Can Sirius XM Tune In Big Subscriber Growth This Year?|work=Forbes|date=April 12, 2013}}
52. ^{{cite web|author=Marcucci, Carl|url=http://rbr.com/sirius-xm-moving-to-offer-service-in-alaska-hawaii/ |title=Sirius XM moving to offer service in Alaska, Hawaii|website=rbr.com|date=January 17, 2011}}
53. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/908937/000095012311014617/y88211e10vk.htm |title=2010 Form 10-K, Sirius XM Radio, Inc.|publisher=US Securities and Exchange Commission|accessdate=April 15, 2013}}
54. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2011/2011-240.htm |title=Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2011-240|website=CRTC.GC.CA| accessdate=April 23, 2013}}
55. ^{{cite news|author=Gardner, Eriq|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/thr-esq/howard-stern-loses-bid-revive-437810 |title=Howard Stern Loses Bid to Revive $300 Million Sirius XM Lawsuit|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=April 11, 2013}}
56. ^{{cite news|author=Probasco, Jim|url=http://money.msn.com/top-stocks/post.aspx?post=761d794f-604c-4efd-ac50-ba97695cc7ed&ref=bfv |title=Is Stern's loss a win for Sirius XM?|publisher=MSN Money|date=April 15, 2013}}
57. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/9/24/17895332/siriusxm-pandora-acquisition-music-streaming|title=SiriusXM buys Pandora for $3.5 billion|work=The Verge|access-date=2018-09-24}}
58. ^{{cite web|url=http://investor.sirius.com/ReleaseDetail.cfm?releaseid=230306|title=SIRIUS and XM to Combine in $13 Billion Merger of Equals|publisher=PR Newswire|date=February 19, 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070222221224/http://investor.sirius.com/ReleaseDetail.cfm?ReleaseID=230306|archivedate=February 22, 2007|df=}}
59. ^1 {{cite news|author=Darcy, Darlene|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/washington/stories/2008/08/04/story7.html?b=1217822400^1677932 |title=Severance deals protect XM Satellite executives|work=Washington Business Journal|date=August 4, 2008}}
60. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/radio/1483816/jim-meyer-appointed-interim-ceo-of-siriusxm-mel-karmazin-officially |title=Jim Meyer Appointed Interim CEO of Sirius XM, Mel Karmazin Officially Steps Down|work=Billboard|date=December 19, 2012}}
61. ^{{cite news|author=Szalai, Georg|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/sirius-xm-names-permanent-ceo-448969 |title=Sirius XM Names Jim Meyer Permanent CEO, Boosts Subs, Profit in First Quarter|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=April 30, 2013}}
62. ^{{cite news|author=Sherman, Alex|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-10/sirius-xm-names-liberty-ceo-maffei-chairman-after-control-shift.html |title=Sirius Names Liberty's Maffei Chairman After Shift in Control|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|date=April 11, 2013}}
63. ^1 {{cite news|author=Saltzman, Marc |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2013/04/16/sirius-xm-app-music-radio/2088305/ |title=MySXM: SiriusXM app adds more personalization features|work=USA Today|date=April 16, 2013}}
64. ^{{cite news |author=Peoples, Glenn |url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/digital-and-mobile/1557469/siriusxm-launches-mysxm-interactive-internet-radio |title=SiriusXM Launches MySXM Interactive Internet Radio Feature |work=Billboard |date=April 15, 2013}}
65. ^{{cite web|author=Van Buskirk, Eliot|url=https://www.wired.com/business/2009/06/sirius-xm-releases-lite-iphone-app-wtf/ |title=Sirius XM Releases 'Lite' iPhone App. WTF?|work=Wired|date=June 23, 2009}}
66. ^{{cite web|url=http://investor.siriusxm.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=558449 |title=Sirius XM Internet Radio App Featuring iPad-Optimized Design Now Available on the iTunes App Store|publisher=PRNewswire|date=March 17, 2011}}
67. ^{{cite news|author=Saltzman, Marc|url=http://content.usatoday.com/communities/technologylive/post/2012/10/sirius-xm-internet-radio-newly-updated-app-rocks-on-ipad-/1#.UW3LAhhvyvU |title=Sirius XM Internet Radio: Newly updated app rocks on iPad|work=USA Today|date=October 28, 2012}}
68. ^{{cite web|author=DeLeon, Nicholas |url=https://techcrunch.com/2010/02/04/sirius-xm-application-now-available-for-blackberry-but-theres-no-howard-stern/ |title=Sirius XM application now available for BlackBerry (but there's no Howard Stern)|website=TechCrunch|date=February 4, 2010}}
69. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.siriusxm.com/blackberry|title=BlackBerry|publisher=siriusxm.com|accessdate=April 23, 2013}}
70. ^{{cite web|url=http://investor.siriusxm.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=474415 |title=SIRIUS XM Radio Android App Now Available|publisher=PRNewswire|date=May 28, 2010}}
71. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.siriusxm.com/android |title=Android|publisher=Sirius XM|accessdate=April 23, 2013}}
72. ^{{cite web|url=http://investor.sirius.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=535956 |title=Howard Stern Signs New Five-Year Contract With SIRIUS XM|publisher=PRNewswire|date=December 9, 2010}}
73. ^{{cite web|last1=LaRocca|first1=Charles|title=SiriusXM Releases New iOS App – Version 3.0|url=http://siriusbuzz.com/siriusxm-releases-new-ios-app-version-3-0.php|website=SiriusBuzz|accessdate=20 March 2015}}
74. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/alexa-play-howard-stern-the-echo-adds-siriusxm/|title=Alexa, play Howard Stern -- the Echo adds SiriusXM|date=20 June 2017|publisher=}}
75. ^{{Cite news|url=https://twitter.com/cfbchuck/status/998215986607255554|title=Chuck on Twitter|work=Twitter|access-date=2018-06-03|language=en}}
76. ^J{{cite news|author=Puzzanghera, Jim|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/technology/2008/07/sirius-xm-radio.html |title=Sirius XM Radio to offer the best of both services (sort of); Karmazin predicts success|work=Los Angeles Times|date=July 30, 2008}}
77. ^{{cite news|author=Woodruff, Cathy|url=http://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Sirius-XM-merger-leaves-users-with-serious-mess-1006251.php |title=Sirius XM merger leaves users with serious mess|work=Times Union|location=Albany, NY|date=February 10, 2011}}
78. ^{{cite web |title=SiriusXM accused of misleading customers |last1=Lipka|first1=Mike|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/sirius-xm-to-pay-3-8-million-to-settle-with-45-states/|website=CBS News|publisher=CBS|accessdate=31 March 2015}}
79. ^{{cite news|author=Jay, Paul|url=http://www.cbc.ca/money/story/2008/07/30/xm-sirius-conflict.html |title=XM, Sirius merger in U.S. raises competition concerns in Canada|work=CBC News| date=July 30, 2008}}
80. ^1 {{cite news|author=Vlessing|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/xm-sirius-merger-not-replicated-116510 |title=XM-Sirius merger not replicated in Canada|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=July 29, 2008}}
81. ^{{cite web|author=Protalinski, Emil|url=http://www.techspot.com/news/41302-xm-and-sirius-to-finally-merge-in-canada.html |title=XM and Sirius to finally merge in Canada|website=techspot.com|date=November 25, 2010}}
82. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/89975/crtc-approves-sirius-xm-merger-in-canada |title=CRTC Approves Sirius XM Merger In Canada|website=All Access|date=April 12, 2011}}
83. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.broadcastermagazine.com/news/sirius-canada-and-xm-canada-complete-merger/1000486539/ |title=Sirius Canada and XM Canada Complete Merger|work=Broadcaster|date=June 21, 2011}}
84. ^{{cite web|author=Melanson, Donald|url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/01/08/sirius-xm-rolls-out-interoperable-mirge-satellite-radio/ |title=Sirius XM rolls out interoperable MiRGE satellite radio|website=Engadget|date=January 8, 2009}}
85. ^{{cite web |title=Radios|url=http://shop.siriusxm.com/edealinv/servlet/ExecMacro?nurl=control/CategoryHome.vm&ctl_nbr=10600&catParentID=49759|publisher=Sirius XM|accessdate=2016-02-16}}
86. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.siriusxm.com/sxmmarine|title=SiriusXM Marine Weather|publisher=}}
87. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.siriusxm.com/sxmaviation|title=SiriusXM Aviation Weather|publisher=}}
88. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/CFR-2011-title14-vol2/CFR-2011-title14-vol2-sec91-225|title=2020 FAA Mandate}}
89. ^{{cite web|url=https://ipadpilotnews.com/2018/09/foreflight-adds-support-for-garmin-gdl-50-51-and-52/ | title= ForeFlight adds support for Garmin GDL 50, 51, and 52 }}
90. ^{{cite web|url=http://siriusbuzz.com/siriusxm-satellites-and-repeaters.php |title=SiriusXM – Satellites and Repeaters|website=Sirius Buzz|date=October 7, 2012}}
91. ^{{cite web|author=Clark, Stephen |url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/proton/siriusxm5/launch/ |title=Sirius CM Radio satellite launched by Russian rocket|website=Spaceflight Now|date=October 14, 2010}}
92. ^{{cite web|url=http://licensing.fcc.gov/myibfs/download.do?attachment_key=782032|title=Application for Modification|publisher=Federal Communications Commission}}
93. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.csgnetwork.com/satradiofreq.html |title=Satellite S Band Radio Frequency Table|website=CSG Network|date=August 15, 2011|accessdate=April 23, 2013}}
94. ^{{cite web|url=http://licensing.fcc.gov/myibfs/download.do?attachment_key=810002|title=FM-6 Technical Description|publisher=Federal Communications Commission}}
95. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.orbitcast.com/archives/sirius-stockholders-approved-merger.html |title=Sirius stockholders approved merger |publisher=Orbitcast.com |date=2007-11-13 |accessdate=2008-07-31}}
96. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.orbitcast.com/archives/xm-shareholders-approve-merger.html |title=XM shareholders approve merger |website=Orbitcast.com |date=2007-11-13 |accessdate=2008-07-31}}
97. ^Department of Justice, {{cite book|url=http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2008/March/08_at_226.html |title=Statement of the Department of Justice Antitrust Division on its Decision to Close its Investigation of XM Satellite Radio Holdings Inc.'s Merger with Sirius Satellite Radio Inc.|author=US DOJ|date=March 2008}}
98. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.foxbusiness.com/story/markets/industries/technology/xmsirius/ |title=XM/Sirius Merger Gets FCC Approval |work=Fox Business |agency=Associated Press |date=2008-07-24 |accessdate=2008-07-31 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080730034637/http://www.foxbusiness.com/story/markets/industries/technology/xmsirius/ |archivedate=2008-07-30}}
99. ^{{cite news|url=http://radioinsight.com/blog/headlines/84485/clear-channel-sells-siriusxm-stake-stations-to-leave-service/ |title=Clear Channel Sells SiriusXM Stake; Stations To Leave Service|last=Venta|first=Lance|date=2 August 2013 |work=RadioInsight |accessdate=24 January 2014}}
100. ^{{cite news|last1=Szalai|first1=George|title=SiriusXM, Home of Howard Stern, Surpasses 30M Subscribers|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/business/7326541/siriusxm-surpasses-30-million-subscribers|work=Billboard|accessdate=11 April 2016}}

External links

  • Official Sirius XM Holdings website at siriusxm.com
  • Federal Communications Commission's XM-Sirius transaction page
{{Finance links
| name = Sirius XM Holdings
| symbol = SIRI
| sec_cik = SIRI
| yahoo = SIRI
| google = SIRI
}}{{Sirius XM Channels}}{{Sirius XM Channels (music)}}{{Audio broadcasting}}{{Liberty Media}}{{NASDAQ-100}}{{Satcomm}}

15 : Sirius XM Satellite Radio|Sirius Satellite Radio|XM Satellite Radio|American radio networks|Satellite radio|Radio broadcasting companies of the United States|Holding companies based in New York City|Media companies based in New York City|American companies established in 2008|Holding companies established in 2008|Media companies established in 2008|2008 establishments in New York City|Companies formed by merger|Liberty Media|Companies listed on NASDAQ
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/9/22 9:52:26