| 词条 | Sir John Fenwick, 1st Baronet |
| 释义 |
Sir John Fenwick, 1st Baronet (c. 1570 – c. 1658) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1624 and 1648. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the Civil War. BiographyFenwick was the son of Sir William Fenwick,{{sfn|Cokayne|1902|p=39}} who had been Sheriff of Northumberland in 1578 and 1589,{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} and his first wife Grace Forster daughter of Sir John Forster of Edderstone and Hexham. He was knighted at Royston on 18 January 1605. He succeeded his father on 1618 at the age of 35.{{sfn|Cokayne|1902|p=39}} Fenwick himself also served as Sheriff in 1620.{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} In 1624 and again in 1625, 1626 and 1628 Fenwick was elected Member of Parliament for Northumberland. He was created 1st Baronet Fenwick of Fenwick, on 9 June 1628.{{sfn|Cokayne|1902|pp=39, 40}} He was a successful racehorse breeder and became a favourite of Charles I for whom he acted as Master of the Royal Stud at Tutbury and Surveyor of the Royal Race (or Stud).{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} In April 1640, Fenwick was again elected MP for Northumberland to the Short Parliament. He was elected MP for Cockermouth to the Long Parliament in 1641 and then re-elected for Northumberland in 1642 after Henry Percy was excluded.{{sfn|Willis|1750|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=5V09AAAAYAAJ&ots=NlR4ZTzW3S&pg=PA234#v=onepage&q&f=false 324]}} Fenwick was temporarily disabled from sitting in January 1644.{{sfn|Cokayne|1902|p=39}} His son and heir John was killed fighting on the Royalist side at the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644{{sfn|Cokayne|1902|p=40 footnote a}} Fenwick again served as Sheriff of Northumberland in 1645,{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} and was re-admitted to Parliament in June 1646.{{sfn|Cokayne|1902|p=39}} Fenwick owned substantial estates in Northumberland and Durham but financial difficulties caused him to sell the greater part of his holdings in 1650 to Sir William Blackett for £20,000. He retained the family seat at Wallington Hall.{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} He died in 1658 aged 79.{{sfn|Cokayne|1902|p=40}} FamilyFenwick married firstly Catherine Slingsby daughter of Sir Hery Slingsby of Scriven Yorkshire and had a son John. He married secondly Grace Loraine daughter of Thomas Loraine. His third wife was named Bond. He was succeeded by his second son William.{{sfn|Cokayne|1902|p=40}} NotesReferences
| title=Member of Parliament for Northumberland | before= Sir William Grey | before2=Sir Henry Widdrington | with= Sir Francis Brandling 1624–1625 | with2= Sir John Delaval 1626 | with3= Sir William Carnaby 1628–1629 | years=1624–1629 | after= Parliament suspended until 1640 }}{{succession box | title=Member of Parliament for Northumberland | before= Parliament suspended since 1629 | with= Sir William Widdrington | years=1640 | after= Sir William Widdrington | after2= Henry Percy }}{{succession box | title=Member of Parliament for Northumberland | before= Sir William Widdrington | before2= Henry Percy | with= Sir William Widdrington 1642 | with2= William Fenwick 1645–1648 | years=1642–1648 | after= Not represented in Rump Parliament }}{{s-reg|en-bt}}{{s-new|creation}}{{s-ttl| title = Baronet (of Fenwick) | years = 1628–c.1658}}{{S-aft|after=William Fenwick}}{{s-end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2012}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Fenwick, John, 1st Baronet}} 17 : 1570s births|1650s deaths|People from Northumberland|Baronets in the Baronetage of England|British racehorse owners and breeders|Cavaliers|British and English royal favourites|16th-century English people|People of the Tudor period|High Sheriffs of Northumberland|English landowners|English MPs 1624–1625|English MPs 1625|English MPs 1626|English MPs 1628–1629|English MPs 1640 (April)|English MPs 1640–1648 |
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