| 词条 | Skanled |
| 释义 |
| name = Skanled | type = natural gas | photo = | caption = | map = | map_caption = Location of Skanled | country = Norway Sweden Denmark | state = | province = | coordinates = | lat = | long = | direction = north–south | start = Kårstø, Norway | through = Rafnes Lysekil Vallby Kile Bua | finish = Jutland, Denmark | par = | owner = Skanled Project Group | partners = Petoro Skagerak Energi E.ON Ruhrgas PGNiG Energinet.dk VNG - Verbundnetz Gas AG Gasunie Göteborg Energi | operator = Gassco | technical_service_provider= | contractors = | construction= | expected = suspended | est = | decom = | length_km = | discharge = 7 billion cubic meter per year | diameter_mm = | compressor_stations_no= | compressor_stations= }} Skanled was a planned natural gas offshore pipeline connecting Norway to Sweden and Denmark. Technical featuresThe submarine pipeline was to start in the Kårstø natural gas processing plant in western Norway, where it was to be connected with the Europipe II. It was to be run to eastern Norway, western Sweden and Denmark with exit points in Rafnes (Norway), Lysekil, Vallby Kile, Bua (Sweden) and Jutland (Denmark).[1] It consist of:
As part of the project, the pipeline was to transport also ethane, which would injected into the natural gas at Kårstø and transported with the natural gas to Rafnes, where it would separated and extracted from the gas. The separation facilities at Rafnes and the installations downstream the reduction stations in Sweden and Denmark were not part of the project.[2] The originally planned capacity of the pipeline was 6 billion cubic meter (bcm) of natural gas per year. The plans were upgraded to 7 bcm. The likelihood of greater future demand from Denmark and Poland, which plan to connect Skanled through Denmark with other planned pipeline, the Baltic Pipe between Denmark and Poland, may lead to widen the diameter of the pipe from the initial design.[3] The pipeline was to be operational by October 2012.[4] It was designed for 50 years of operation.[2] It expected to cost 10 billion Norwegian kroner.[4] SuspensionThe final investment decision depended on decisions by Yara International and Ineos, major potential consumers of gas provided by Skanled.[8][9] In April 2009, the Skanled Project Group announced that they had decided to suspend the project "due to increased commercial risk combined with the global economic developments that have given an uncertain view on future gas demand."[5] ContractorsThe IKM Gruppen was selected for design activities related to the pipeline system with associated subsea structures, landfalls, and receiving and metering stations.[4] Project companyThe project was developed by the Skanled Project Group. Shareholders of the consortium were:
The project was managed by Gassco with Swedegas and Energinet.dk participating as partners.[2] The Skanled project director is Thor Otto Lohne.[10] References1. ^{{cite news | publisher= PGNiG | newspaper = Rigzone | url= http://www.rigzone.com/news/article.asp?a_id=46807 | title = Polish Oil and Gas Company Joins SKANLED Consortium | date = 2007-06-22 | accessdate=2007-09-15}} {{Portal|Denmark|Energy}}2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | publisher= Energinet.dk | url= http://www.energinet.dk/NR/rdonlyres/E7D26121-FE5C-46C9-9DCB-7BE95E65CD38/0/TheSkanledgaspipelineprojectsummaryver_02_250607.pdf | title = Information concerning the planning of Skanled gas pipeline | format=PDF | date = June 2007 | accessdate=2007-09-15 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070630054604/http://www.energinet.dk/NR/rdonlyres/E7D26121-FE5C-46C9-9DCB-7BE95E65CD38/0/TheSkanledgaspipelineprojectsummaryver_02_250607.pdf |archivedate = 2007-06-30}} 3. ^{{cite news | publisher= Downstream Today | url= http://www.downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=5854 | agency = Dow Jones Newswires | first = James | last = Herron | title = Expansion Likely on Norway-Denmark Gas Pipeline | date = 2007-09-07 | accessdate=2007-09-15}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite news | publisher= Gassco | url= http://www.yourindustrynews.com/news_item.php?newsID=8813 | title = Skanled contract for IKM Gruppen | date = 2008-08-07 | accessdate=2009-03-21}} 5. ^{{cite press release | title = Skanled project suspended | publisher = The Skanled Project Group | date = 2009-04-29 | url = http://www.gassco.no/wps/wcm/connect/gassco-en/gassco/home/presse/nyhetsarkiv/29.04.09-14.45 | accessdate = 2009-11-05}} 6. ^{{cite news | publisher= Downstream Today | url= http://downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=15153 | title = Norway's Petoro Taking Up To 30% In Skanled | agency = AFX News Limited | date = 2009-02-13 | accessdate=2009-03-21}} 7. ^1 {{cite news | publisher= Downstream Today | agency = Reuters | first = Wojciech | last = Moskwa | url= http://downstreamtoday.com/news/article.aspx?a_id=15638 | title = Norway Gas Pipeline Plan Hit By Yara Pullout | date = 2009-03-17 | accessdate=2009-03-21}} 8. ^{{cite news | url= http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKLH93779120090317?sp=true | title= Dutch Gasunie joins Skanled pipeline project | agency = Reuters | first = Wojciech | last = Moskwa | date=2009-03-17 | accessdate=2009-03-21}} 9. ^{{cite news | url = http://www.offshore-mag.com/index/article-display/356715/articles/offshore/pipeline-transportation/north-sea-northwest-europe/skanled-group-invites-gasunie-to-aid-in-skanled-project-investment-decision.html | title = Skanled Group invites Gasunie to aid in Skanled project investment decision | publisher = PennWell Corporation | newspaper = Offshore | date=2009-03-19 | accessdate=2010-10-10}} 10. ^1 {{cite news | url= https://www.forbes.com/feeds/afx/2009/01/05/afx5878190.html | title= Ineos doubts risk Norway gas pipeline plans-paper | author = Wojciech Moskwa | publisher= Forbes | date=2009-01-05 | accessdate=2009-03-21}} 8 : Natural gas pipelines in Norway|Natural gas pipelines in Sweden|Natural gas pipelines in Denmark|Natural gas pipelines in Poland|Proposed pipelines in Europe|Denmark–Norway relations|Denmark–Sweden relations|Norway–Sweden relations |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。