| 词条 | SLC5A1 |
| 释义 |
FunctionGlucose transporters are integral membrane proteins that mediate the transport of glucose and structurally related substances across cellular membranes. The role of the sodium-glucose cotransporters is to not only absorb glucose, but to also absorb sodium and to then reabsorb the sodium and glucose from the tubule of the nephron.[3] Two families of glucose transporter have been identified: the facilitated diffusion glucose transporter family (GLUT family), also known as 'uniporters,' and the sodium-dependent glucose transporter family (SGLT family), also known as 'cotransporters' or 'symporters.[4] The SLC5A1 gene encodes a protein that is involved in the active transport of glucose and galactose into eukaryotic and some prokaryotic cells.[2]CloningCo-transport proteins of mammalian cell membranes had eluded efforts of purification with classical biochemical methods until the late 1980s. These proteins had proven difficult to isolate because they contain hydrophilic and hydrophobic sequences and exist in membranes only in very low abundance (<0.2% of membrane proteins). The rabbit form of SGLT1 was the first mammalian co-transport protein ever to be cloned and sequenced, and this was reported in 1987.[6] To circumvent the difficulties with traditional isolation methods, a novel expression cloning technique was used. Size-fractionation of large amounts of rabbit intestinal mRNA with preparative gel electrophoresis were then sequentially injected into Xenopus oocytes to ultimately find the RNA species that induced the expression of sodium-glucose cotransport.[5] MutationsSLC5A1 is important because of its role in the absorption of glucose and sodium, however, mutations in the gene can cause serious effects. A mutation in the SLC5A1 gene can cause problems creating the SGLT1 protein, leading to a rare glucose-galactose malabsorption disease. Glucose-galactose malabsorption occurs when the lining of the intestinal cells can't take in glucose and galactose which prevents the use of those molecules in catabolism and anabolism. The disease has symptoms that consist of watery and/or acidic diarrhea which is the result of water retention in the intestinal lumen and osmotic loss created by non-absorbed glucose, galactose and sodium.[6] Glucose-Galactose malabsorption can cause death, due to loss of water from diarrhea, if the disease isn't treated soon. To counteract the disease, oral rehydration therapy is performed using sodium, glucose, and water for intestinal reabsorption. Tissue distributionThe SLC5A1 cotransporter is mainly expressed in the lumen of the small intestine, kidney, parotid glands, submandibular glands and in the heart.[7] See also
InteractionsSLC5A1 has been shown to interact with PAWR.[8] References1. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Turk E, Martín MG, Wright EM | title = Structure of the human Na+/glucose cotransporter gene SGLT1 | journal = Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 269 | issue = 21 | pages = 15204–15209 | date = June 1994 | pmid = 8195156 | pmc = | doi = }} 2. ^1 {{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SLC5A1 solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter), member 1| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6523| accessdate = }} 3. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Hamilton KL, Butt AG | title = Glucose transport into everted sacs of the small intestine of mice | journal = Advances in Physiology Education | volume = 37 | issue = 4 | pages = 415–426 | year = 2013 | pmid = 24292921 | doi = 10.1152/advan.00017.2013 }} 4. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Wright EM, Loo DD, Panayotova-Heiermann M, Lostao MP, Hirayama BH, Mackenzie B, Boorer K, Zampighi G | title = 'Active' sugar transport in eukaryotes | journal = The Journal of Experimental Biology | volume = 196 | issue = | pages = 197–212 | year = 1994 | pmid = 7823022 | doi = | url = http://jeb.biologists.org/content/jexbio/196/1/197.full.pdf }} 5. ^1 {{cite journal | vauthors = Hediger MA, Coady MJ, Ikeda TS, Wright EM | title = Expression cloning and cDNA sequencing of the Na+/glucose co-transporter | journal = Nature | volume = 330 | issue = 6146 | pages = 379–381 | year = 1987 | pmid = 2446136 | doi = 10.1038/330379a0 }} 6. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Wright EM, Turk E, Martin MG | title = Molecular basis for glucose-galactose malabsorption | journal = Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics | volume = 36 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 115–121 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12139397 | doi = 10.1385/CBB:36:2-3:115 }} 7. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Sabino-Silva R, Mori RC, David-Silva A, Okamoto MM, Freitas HS, Machado UF | title = The Na(+)/glucose cotransporters: from genes to therapy | journal = Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research | volume = 43 | issue = 11 | pages = 1019–1026 | year = 2010 | pmid = 21049241 | doi = 10.1590/S0100-879X2010007500115 }} 8. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Xie J, Guo Q | title = Par-4 inhibits choline uptake by interacting with CHT1 and reducing its incorporation on the plasma membrane | journal = Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 279 | issue = 27 | pages = 28266–28275 | date = July 2004 | pmid = 15090548 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M401495200 }} Further reading{{refbegin|33em}}
1 : Solute carrier family |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。