| 词条 | Smithills Hall | ||
| 释义 |
| name = Smithills Hall | native_name = | image = Smithills Hall 08.jpg | image_size = 325 | caption = Smithills Hall{{Collapsed infobox section begin|Location map and quick summary}} | locmapin = Greater Manchester | coordinates = {{coord|53.6025|-2.4555|display=inline}} | location = Smithills, Greater Manchester, England | type = Manor house | architecture = 14th-century half-timbered hall house extended several times. | built =14th century – 19th century | owner = Metropolitan Borough of Bolton | designation1 = Grade I | designation1_offname = | designation1_type = | designation1_criteria = | designation1_date = 23 April 1952 | delisted1_date = | designation1_parent = | designation1_number = 1388279 | designation2 = Scheduled monument | designation2_offname = | designation2_type = | designation2_criteria = | designation2_date = 12 November 1991 | delisted2_date = | designation2_parent = | designation2_number = 43437 | map_caption = Location of Smithills Hall in Greater Manchester{{Collapsed infobox section end}} }} Smithills Hall is a Grade I listed manor house,[1] and a scheduled monument[2] in Smithills, Bolton, Greater Manchester, England. It stands on the slopes of the West Pennine Moors above Bolton at a height of 500 feet, three miles north west of the town centre. It occupies a defensive site near the Astley and Raveden Brooks. One of the oldest manor houses in the north west of England, its oldest parts, including the great hall, date from the 15th century and it has been since been altered and extended particularly the west part. Parts of it were moated.[3] The property is owned by Bolton Metropolitan Borough Council and open to the public. HistoryThe name Smithills derives from the Old English smeþe meaning smooth and hyll, a hill and was recorded as Smythell in 1322.[4] Early medieval records about the hall began in 1335 when William Radcliffe acquired the manor from the Hultons who held it from the Knights Hospitaller. On Radcliffe's death in 1369 it passed to his son and heir Sir Ralph Radcliffe, High Sheriff of Lancashire for 1384–1387 and twice MP for Lancashire. The Radciffes lived there until 1485, when the male line failed and Smithills Hall passed to the Bartons, wealthy sheep farmers who lived there for nearly 200 years. In 1659 the hall and estate passed by marriage to the Belasyse family. In 1722 the Byroms of Manchester bought the manor and kept it until 1801 when the hall and estate were acquired by the Ainsworths, who made their fortune as the owners of bleachworks at Barrow Bridge.[3] Around 1875 Richard Henry Ainsworth employed architect George Devey to extend and modernise the hall. In 1938 the Ainsworths sold the hall to Bolton Corporation. Parts of it became a residential home and day centre that closed in the 1990s. The oldest parts of the hall opened as a museum in 1963, and in the 1990s, the museum was extended into some of the Victorian extensions. The west wing was restored by the council in 1999, and is currently being restored to its former Victorian grandeur. The Devey Room was fully refurbished in 2018. Since 2017, the ground floor now also houses Poppins At Smithills, a Mary Poppins themed tea room [5] In 1554 George Marsh a preacher from Deane near Bolton was 'examined' at Smithills Hall, before being sent to Chester to be tried for heresy. He was found guilty and executed at Boughton in Chester. A footprint, supposedly left by Marsh, is said to bleed every year on the anniversary of his death (24 April).[6] ArchitectureSmithills Hall is built on a formal terrace, surrounded on all sides by parkland on the south side of a steep-sided valley formed a tributary of the Raveden Brook.[7] The hall has three ranges around an open court. The oldest part of the structure is the great hall in the north range which was probably built in the early-14th century and once was surrounded by a moat. It has been altered but retains its original plan and medieval features.[3] The oldest parts were built with timber frames and the oldest stonework is roughly coursed rubblestone. The 19th-century west wing is built in coursed, squared stone and has decorative timber framing. All the roofs are covered in stone flags.[2] Park and gardensThe {{convert|48|ha|acre|adj=on}} gardens and pleasure grounds are on south facing sloping land on the edge of moorland with a steep wooded valley and lake to the north and formal gardens around the hall.[7] TelevisionSmithills Hall has appeared in several British television series:
See also{{portal|Greater Manchester}}
ReferencesNotes1. ^{{NHLE |num=1388279 |desc=Smithills Hall, Smithills Dean Road |access-date=13 May 2013 |mode=cs2}} Bibliography2. ^1 {{Cite PastScape |mnumber= 43437 |mname= Smithills Hall |access-date= 13 May 2013 |mode=cs2}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{citation |editor1-last=Farrer |editor1-first=William |editor2-last=Brownbill |editor2-first=J. |title=Halliwell|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=52992 |work=A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 5 |publisher=British History Online |year=1911 |pages=12–20}} 4. ^{{Harvnb|Mills|1976|p=134}} 5. ^{{citeweb|title=Friends of Smithills Hall|url=https://www.friendsofsmithillshall.co.uk/}} 6. ^{{citeweb|title=Smithills Hall, Bolton - BBC History Magazine|url=http://www.historyextra.com/visit/smithills-hall-bolton|last=Wilkes|first=Sue|publisher=BBC History Magazine|accessdate=5 August 2013|mode=cs2}} 7. ^1 {{NHLE |num=1001442 |desc=Smithills Hall, Bolton |access-date=13 May 2013 |mode=cs2}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/shows/mr-bloom-here-and-there |title=Mr Bloom: Here and There |website=CBeebies |publisher=BBC |access-date=7 August 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811031935/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/shows/mr-bloom-here-and-there |archivedate=11 August 2016 |df= }}
External links{{commons category}}
7 : Grade I listed houses|Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester|Country houses in Greater Manchester|Buildings and structures in Bolton|Scheduled Ancient Monuments in Greater Manchester|Historic house museums in Greater Manchester|History of Bolton |
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