| 词条 | Socata TB 30 Epsilon | ||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Socata TB 30 Epsilon is a light military trainer aircraft produced by Socata (then part of Aérospatiale). It is a tandem two-seater with a metal airframe. The first prototype flew on 22 December 1979. {{TOC limit|limit=2}}Development and designIn 1978, the French Air Force (Armée de l'Air) published a requirement for a new basic trainer aircraft to partially replace the Fouga Magister in the early parts of the syllabus for pilot training. The new aircraft was expected to have tandem seating, be powered by a 224 kW (300 hp) piston engine and have a three-hour endurance. Similar designs were proposed by the SOCATA subsidiary of Aérospatiale (based on their TB 10 Tobago light aircraft) and by GEPAL (the GEPAL Mk II). The SOCATA proposal, the TB 30B, was chosen in February 1979.[1] The first of two prototypes flew on 22 December 1979,[2] but testing showed that the Epsilon had poor handling and it was redesigned with a new swept back fin supplemented by a ventral strake and a larger tailplane, while the wing was fitted with elliptical tips increasing the wingspan from 7.40 m (24 ft 3{{frac|3|8}} in) to 7.59 m (24 ft 11{{frac|3|4}} in). The first prototype flew again with these changes on 31 October 1980, and it was soon found that the handling problems had been fixed.[3] The Epsilon is a low winged cantilever monoplane of all metal construction. It is powered by a Lycoming O-540 flat-six piston engine driving a two-blade propeller, and is fitted with a retractible nosewheel undercarriage. The pilot and instructor are sat in tandem under a sliding Plexiglas canopy, with cockpit layout designed to aid transition to the Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet to which French students graduate after completing the Epsilon part of their training syllabus.[2][4] The first prototype was modified into a testbed for the Turbomeca TP 319 Arrius turboprop engine, flying in this form on 9 November 1985.[2] The testbed was then modified into a dedicated turboprop trainer, the TB 31 Oméga, powered by a 360 kW (483 shp) Arrius 1A2 and fitted with ejection seats, returning to flight on 30 April 1989.[5] While it was offered for the United States Air Force/United States Navy Joint Primary Aircraft Training System competition to replace the Beechcraft T-34 Mentor and Cessna T-37 Tweet, it was rejected, with no sales resulting.[6] Operational historyThe Armée de l'Air placed an initial order for 30 Epsilons in 1981, with further contracts following with a total of 150 ordered.[7] First deliveries started in 1983, with the first training courses based on the Epsilon starting in September 1984.[8] Export orders were received from Togo for three armed Epsilons in 1984, delivered in 1986 (with a fourth supplied later to replace a crashed aircraft) and from Portugal in 1987 for 18 aircraft, to be assembled in Portugal by OGMA.[2] Operators
Specifications{{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref=The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft,[13]Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988-89[2] |crew=2 |capacity= |payload main= |payload alt= |length main=7.59 m |length alt=24 ft 10¾ in |span main=7.92 m |span alt=25 ft 11¾ in |height main=2.66 m |height alt=8 ft 8¾ in |area main=9.00 m² |area alt= 96.9 ft² |aspect ratio=7.0 |airfoil=RA 1643 at root, RA 1243 at tip |empty weight main=932 kg |empty weight alt=2,055 lb |loaded weight main= |loaded weight alt= |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main=1,250 kg |max takeoff weight alt=2,755 lb |more general= |engine (prop)= Lycoming AEIO-540-L1B5D |type of prop= air-cooled flat-6 engine |number of props= 1 |power main= 225 kW |power alt= 300 hp |max speed main=378 km/h |max speed alt= 204 knots, 236 mph |max speed more=at sea level |cruise speed main=358 km/h |cruise speed alt=193 knots, 222 mph |cruise speed more=at 1,830 m (6,000 ft) (75% power) |stall speed main= 115 km/h |stall speed alt=62 knots, 72 mph |stall speed more=flaps and gear down, power off |never exceed speed main= 520 km/h |never exceed speed alt=281 knots, 323 mph |range main=1,300 km |range alt=700 nmi, 810 mi |endurance=3 hr 45 min |ceiling main=7,010 m |ceiling alt=23,000 ft |climb rate main=1,850 ft/min |climb rate alt=9.4 m/s |loading main= |loading alt= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |more performance= |armament=
|avionics= }} See also{{aircontent||related= |similar aircraft=
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|see also= }} ReferencesNotes1. ^Jackson 1987, p. 8. 2. ^1 2 3 4 Taylor 1988, p. 56. 3. ^Jackson 1987, pp. 9–10. 4. ^Jackson 1987, pp. 10–11. 5. ^Lambert 1990, p. 88. 6. ^Lambert 1993, pp. 92–93. 7. ^Jackson 1987, p. 9. 8. ^Jackson 1987, pp. 11–15. 9. ^Hoyle Flight International 2012, p. 50. 10. ^Hoyle Flight International 2012, p. 58. 11. ^Hoyle Flight International 2012, p. 59. 12. ^Hoyle Flight International 2012, p. 61. 13. ^Donald 1997, pp. 19–20. Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
External links{{Commons category-inline|Socata TB-30 Epsilon}}{{Socata}}{{Sud/Aérospatiale aircraft}} 5 : SOCATA aircraft|French military trainer aircraft 1970–1979|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1979 |
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