“Social Democratic Party (Iceland)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Social Democratic Party (Iceland)

释义

History
Party chairmen
Election results
References

{{About|former political party whose Icelandic name literally translated to "People's Party"|the current political party actually named "People's Party" founded in 2016|People's Party (Iceland, 2016)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2013}}{{Infobox political party
|country = Iceland
| name = Social Democratic Party
|native_name = Alþýðuflokkurinn
|logo = Althyduflokkurinn.png
|colorcode = {{Social Democratic Party (Iceland)/meta/color}}
|foundation = 1916
|dissolution = May 2000
|merged = Social Democratic Alliance
|ideology = Social democracy
|position = Centre-left
|international = Socialist International
|colours = Red
}}

The Social Democratic Party ({{lang-is|Alþýðuflokkurinn}}, lit. People's Party) was a social-democratic^[1] political party in Iceland. It was founded in 1916 as the political representation of the trade unions of Iceland.^[2]

History

Its first member of the Althing, the Icelandic parliament, was Jón Baldvinsson, who was elected in 1920.

The party was a member of the Labour and Socialist International between 1926 and 1940.^[3]

Three times the party led the government of Iceland; in 1947-1949 under Stefán Jóhann Stefánsson, in 1958-1959 under Emil Jónsson and under Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal in 1979-1980. Its longest participation in government was with the Independence Party from 1959-1971.

The Social Democratic Party was succeeded in 2000 by the Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylkingin), a centre-left party with a wider political base created by the merger of the Social Democratic Party with the People's Alliance, Women's List and National Awakening.

Party chairmen

Ottó N. Þorláksson (1916)
Jón Baldvinsson (1916–38)
Stefán Jóhann Stefánsson (1938–52)
Hannibal Valdimarsson (1952–54)
Haraldur Guðmundsson (1954–58)
Emil Jónsson (1958–68)
Gylfi Þorsteinsson Gíslason (1968–74)
Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal (1974–80)
Kjartan Jóhannsson (1980–84)
Jón Baldvin Hannibalsson (1984–96)
Sighvatur Kristinn Björgvinsson (1996–98)
Guðmundur Árni Stefánsson (1998–2000)

Election results

Election	Votes	Vote %	Seats	Place
August 1916	398 {{Steady}}	6.8 {{Steady}}	{{n/a}}	6th {{Steady}}
October 1916	903.5 {{Increase}}	6.8 {{Steady}}	1 {{Steady}}	6th {{Steady}}
1919	949 {{Increase}}	6.8 {{Steady}}	0 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Increase}}
1922	2,033 {{Increase}}	17.2 {{Increase}}	{{n/a}}	4th {{Steady}}
1923	4,912.5 {{Increase}}	16.2 {{Decrease}}	1 {{Steady}}	3rd {{Increase}}
1926	3,164 {{Decrease}}	22.7 {{Increase}}	{{n/a}}	3rd {{Steady}}
1927	6,097.5 {{Increase}}	19.0 {{Decrease}}	5 {{Steady}}	3rd {{Steady}}
1930	4,893 {{Decrease}}	20.3 {{Increase}}	{{n/a}}	3rd {{Steady}}
1931	6,197.5 {{Increase}}	16.1 {{Decrease}}	4 {{Steady}}	3rd {{Steady}}
1933	6,864.5 {{Increase}}	19.2 {{Increase}}	5 {{Increase}}	3rd {{Steady}}
1934	11,269.5 {{Increase}}	21.7 {{Increase}}	10 {{Increase}}	3rd {{Steady}}
1937	11,084.5 {{Decrease}}	19.0 {{Decrease}}	8 {{Decrease}}	3rd {{Steady}}
July 1942	8,979 {{Decrease}}	15.4 {{Decrease}}	6 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Decrease}}
October 1942	8,455 {{Decrease}}	14.2 {{Decrease}}	7 {{Increase}}	4th {{Steady}}
1946	11,914 {{Increase}}	17.8 {{Increase}}	9 {{Increase}}	4th {{Steady}}
1949	11,937 {{Increase}}	16.5 {{Decrease}}	7 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Steady}}
1953	12,093 {{Increase}}	15.6 {{Decrease}}	6 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Steady}}
1956	15,153 {{Increase}}	18.3 {{Increase}}	8 {{Increase}}	3rd {{Increase}}
June 1959	10,632 {{Decrease}}	12.5 {{Decrease}}	6 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Decrease}}
October 1959	12,909 {{Increase}}	15.2 {{Increase}}	9 {{Increase}}	4th {{Steady}}
1963	12,697 {{Decrease}}	14.2 {{Decrease}}	8 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Steady}}
1967	15,059 {{Increase}}	15.7 {{Increase}}	9 {{Increase}}	4th {{Steady}}
1971	11,020 {{Decrease}}	10.5 {{Decrease}}	6 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Steady}}
1974	10,345 {{Decrease}}	9.1 {{Decrease}}	5 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Steady}}
1978	26,912 {{Increase}}	22.0 {{Increase}}	14 {{Increase}}	3rd {{Increase}}
1979	21,580 {{Decrease}}	17.4 {{Decrease}}	10 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Decrease}}
1983	15,214 {{Decrease}}	11.7 {{Decrease}}	6 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Steady}}
1987	23,265 {{Increase}}	15.2 {{Increase}}	10 {{Increase}}	3rd {{Increase}}
1991	24,459 {{Increase}}	15.5 {{Increase}}	10 {{Steady}}	3rd {{Steady}}
1995	18,846 {{Decrease}}	11.4 {{Decrease}}	7 {{Decrease}}	4th {{Decrease}}

References

1. ^{{cite book|author1=Oskar Niedermayer|author2=Richard Stöss|author3=Melanie Haas|title=Die Parteiensysteme Westeuropas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=avyslszzmLgC&pg=PA268|date=14 July 2006|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-531-14111-4|page=268}}
2. ^{{cite book|author1=Eiríkur Bergmann Einarsson|author2=Eirikur Bergmann|title=Iceland and the International Financial Crisis: Boom, Bust and Recovery|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7C_FAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA34|date=31 January 2014|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-33200-4|page=34}}
3. ^Kowalski, Werner. [https://books.google.com/books?id=83QdPwAACAAJ Geschichte der sozialistischen arbeiter-internationale: 1923 - 19]. Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften, 1985.

Donald F. Busky. [https://books.google.com/books?id=3joQKjDtn4wC&pg=PA71&dq=Iceland+%22Social+Democratic+Party%22&lr=&num=50&as_brr=3&ei=QFrhSNrvLqG2jgGX38HnDg&sig=ACfU3U0KpZxUZT85WAjaWHVA3z47_C8c_A#PPA72,M1 Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey.] Greenwood Publishing Group, 2000. {{ISBN|978-0-275-96886-1}}; pp. 71–72

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