“Sol-air temperature”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Sol-air temperature

释义

References
See also

Sol-air temperature (T_sol-air) is a variable used to calculate cooling load of a building and determine the total heat gain through exterior surfaces. It is an improvement over:

Where:

= rate of heat transfer [W]
= heat transfer surface area [m²]
= heat transfer coefficient for radiation (long wave) and convection [W/m²K]
= outdoor surroundings' temperature [°C]
= outside surface temperature [°C]

The above equation only takes into account the temperature differences and ignores two important parameters, being 1) solar radiative flux; and 2) infrared exchanges from the sky. The concept of T_sol-air was thus introduced to enable these parameters to be included within an improved calculation. The following formula results:

Where:

= solar radiation absorptivity (surface solar absorptance or the inverse of the solar reflectance of a material) [-]
= global solar irradiance (i.e. total solar radiation incident on the surface) [W/m²]
= extra infrared radiation due to difference between the external air temperature and the apparent sky temperature. This can be written as [W/m²]

The product just found can now be used to calculate the amount of heat transfer per unit area, as below:

An equivalent, and more useful equation for the net heat loss across the whole construction is:

Where:

= construction U-value, according to ISO 6946 [W/m²K].
= indoor temperature [°C]
= difference between outside dry-bulb air temperature and sky mean radiant temperature [°C]
= Form factor between the element and the sky [-]
- = 1 for an unshaded horizontal roof
- = 0,5 for an unshaded vertical wall
= external radiative heat transfer coefficient [W/m²K]

By expanding the above equation through substituting the following heat loss equation is derived:

The above equation is used for opaque facades in,^[1] and renders intermediate calculation of unnecessary. The main advantage of this latter approach is that it avoids the need for a different outdoor temperature node for each facade. Thus, the solution scheme is kept simple, and the solar and sky radiation terms from all facades can be aggregated and distributed to internal temperature nodes as gains/losses.

References

1. ^ISO 13790, Energy performance of buildings — Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling

#Fundamentals volume of the ASHRAE Handbook, ASHRAE, Inc., Atlanta, GA, USA, 2005

Heating and Cooling of Buildings, 2nd ed., Kreider, Curtiss, Rabl, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA, 2002

References

See also