| 词条 | Ethyl formate |
| 释义 |
| Watchedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 470455933 | ImageFileL1 = Ethyl formate Structural Formulae.svg | ImageNameL1 = Ethyl formate | ImageFileR1 = Ethyl-formate-3D-balls.png | PIN = Ethyl formate | SystematicName = Ethyl methanoate | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 7734 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = 0K3E2L5553 | InChI = 1/C3H6O2/c1-2-5-3-4/h3H,2H2,1H3 | InChIKey = WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYAO | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 44215 | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C3H6O2/c1-2-5-3-4/h3H,2H2,1H3 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo = 109-94-4 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 52342 | Beilstein = 906769 | PubChem = 8025 | EC_number = 203-721-0 | RTECS = LQ8400000 | UNNumber = 1190 | SMILES = O=COCC }} | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | C = 3 | H = 6 | O = 2 | Density = 0.917 g/cm3 | MeltingPtK = 193 | BoilingPtC = 54.0 | Appearance = Colorless liquid[1] | Odor = fruity[1] | Solubility = 9% (17.78°C)[1] | VaporPressure = 200 mmHg (20°C)[1] | MagSus = -43.00·10−6 cm3/mol | Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards | PEL = TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3)[1] | FlashPtF = -4 | FlashPt_notes = [1] | ExploLimits = 2.8% - 16.0%[1] | REL = TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3)[1] | IDLH = 1500 ppm[1] | LCLo = 10,000 ppm (cat, 1.5 hr) 8000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)[2] | LD50 = 1850 mg/kg (rat, oral) 1110 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral) 2075 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)[2] }} }}Ethyl formate is an ester formed when ethanol (an alcohol) reacts with formic acid (a carboxylic acid). Ethyl formate has the characteristic smell of rum and is also partially responsible for the flavor of raspberries.[3] It occurs naturally in the body of ants and in the stingers of bees. [4] ExposureEthyl formate is generally recognized as safe by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.[5] According to the U.S Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), ethyl formate can irritate eyes, skin, mucous membranes, and the respiratory system of humans and other animals; it is also a central nervous system depressant.[6] In industry, it is used as a solvent for cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, oils, and greases. It can be used as a substitute for acetone; workers may also be exposed to it under the following circumstances:[6]
OSHA considers a time-weighted average of 100 parts per million (300 milligrams per cubic meter) over an eight-hour period as the permissible exposure limit. The U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) also considers a time-weighted average of 100 ppm over an eight-hour period as the recommended exposure limit.[7] In spaceEthyl formate has been identified in dust clouds in an area of the Milky Way galaxy called Sagittarius B2. It is among 50 molecular species identified using the 30 metre IRAM radiotelescope.[3] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{PGCH|0278}} {{Esters}}{{Molecules detected in outer space}}2. ^1 {{IDLH|109944|Ethyl formate}} 3. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/apr/21/space-raspberries-amino-acids-astrobiology|title=Galaxy's centre tastes of raspberries and smells of rum, say astronomers|last=Sample|first=Ian|date=21 April 2009|work=The Guardian|accessdate=2009-04-21|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706165701/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/apr/21/space-raspberries-amino-acids-astrobiology |archivedate=6 July 2017|df=}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/organic/ETHYL%20FORMATE.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-04-11 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412003042/http://www.chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/organic/ETHYL%20FORMATE.htm |archivedate=2015-04-12 |df= }} 5. ^1 {{cite web| url=http://groups.ucanr.org/mba/Alternative_fumigants__Ethyl_Formate/| title=Alternative fumigants: Ethyl Formate| publisher=University of California| accessdate=2009-04-25| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090530174123/http://groups.ucanr.org/mba/Alternative_fumigants__Ethyl_Formate/| archivedate=2009-05-30| df=}} 6. ^1 {{cite web| url=http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/healthguidelines/ethylformate/recognition.html| title=Occupational Safety and Health Guideline for Ethyl Formate| publisher=OSHA| accessdate=2009-04-25| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414153954/http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/healthguidelines/ethylformate/recognition.html| archivedate=2009-04-14| df=}} 7. ^[https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0278.html CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171219133845/https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0278.html |date=2017-12-19 }}. 2 : Ethyl esters|Formate esters |
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