“South Africa at the Olympics”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

South Africa at the Olympics

释义

History
Medal tables
Medals by Summer Games Medals by sport
List of medalists
See also
References
External links

{{infobox country at games
| NOC = RSA
| NOCname = South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee
| games = Olympics
| year =
| flagcaption =
| oldcode =
| website = {{url|www.sascoc.co.za }}
| location =
| competitors =
| sports =
| flagbearer =
| rank =
| gold = 26
| silver = 31
| bronze = 29
| officials =
| appearances =
| app_begin_year =
| app_end_year =
| summerappearances = {{Team appearances list|team=South Africa|competition=Summer Olympics|begin_year=1904|end_year= }}
| winterappearances = {{Team appearances list|team=South Africa|competition=Winter Olympics|begin_year=1960|end_year= }}
| seealso =
}}

South Africa first participated at the Olympic Games in 1904, and sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games until 1960. After the passage of United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1761 in 1962 in response to South Africa's policy of apartheid, the nation was barred from the Games.

After the negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa commenced in 1990, the nation re-joined the Olympic movement. The South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee was created in 1991, and South Africa returned to the Games at the 1992 Summer Olympics (and the 1992 Summer Paralympics). South Africa also participated in the Winter Olympic Games in 1960, and since 1994.

South African athletes have won a total of 86 medals, with athletics, boxing, and swimming as the top medal-producing sports.

History

South African athletes first participated in the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, when few foreign athletes arrived and the organizers invited participants of the adjacent 1904 World's Fair.^[1] General Piet Cronjé, Len Taunyane, and Jan Mashiani, all Boer War veterans who had been taken prisoner by the British at St. Helena after the Battle of Paardeberg and had reenacted battle scenes at the fair, participated in the men's marathon.^[1] Taunyane and Mashiani were the first black Africans to participate in the Olympics, and the only blacks to represent South Africa in the Olympics until the end of apartheid.^[1]

Aklthough the four British colonies of Cape of Good Hope, Natal, Transvaal, and Orange River did not form the Union of South Africa until 1910, they fielded a combined South Africa team at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, where Reggie Walker won its first gold medal.^[1] The first woman was swimmer Barbara Nash in 1920, and to win medals were the 1928 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay quartet, whi came third.^[1] The South African Olympic and Empire Games Association was awarded the 1934 British Empire Games in Johannesburg but backed out when it became evident that they would have to allow a team from India to compete.^[1]

South Africa first entered the Winter Olympics in 1960, and that summer's games in Rome would be its last till the end of apartheid.^[1] It was not invited to the 1964 Games, and its 1968 invitation was withdrawn when other teams threatened to withdraw. The South African Olympic and National Games Association was expelled from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1970.

The nonracial Interim National Olympic Committee of South Africa (now South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee) was founded in 1991 during the transition to multiracial equality and affiliated to the IOC months later. The country returned at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.^[1]

Medal tables

Medals by Summer Games

{{Medals table
| caption =
| team = Games
| hide_rank = yes
| leading =
| gold_1 = 0 | silver_1 = 0 | bronze_1 = 0 | name_1 = {{GamesName|SOG|1904}}
| gold_2 = 1 | silver_2 = 1 | bronze_2 = 0 | name_2 = {{GamesName|SOG|1908}}
| gold_3 = 4 | silver_3 = 2 | bronze_3 = 0 | name_3 = {{GamesName|SOG|1912}}
| gold_4 = 3 | silver_4 = 4 | bronze_4 = 3 | name_4 = {{GamesName|SOG|1920}}
| gold_5 = 1 | silver_5 = 1 | bronze_5 = 1 | name_5 = {{GamesName|SOG|1924}}
| gold_6 = 1 | silver_6 = 0 | bronze_6 = 2 | name_6 = {{GamesName|SOG|1928}}
| gold_7 = 2 | silver_7 = 0 | bronze_7 = 3 | name_7 = {{GamesName|SOG|1932}}
| gold_8 = 0 | silver_8 = 1 | bronze_8 = 0 | name_8 = {{GamesName|SOG|1936}}
| gold_9 = 2 | silver_9 = 1 | bronze_9 = 1 | name_9 = {{GamesName|SOG|1948}}
| gold_10 = 2 | silver_10 = 4 | bronze_10 = 4 | name_10 = {{GamesName|SOG|1952}}
| gold_11 = 0 | silver_11 = 0 | bronze_11 = 4 | name_11 = {{GamesName|SOG|1956}}
| gold_12 = 0 | silver_12 = 1 | bronze_12 = 2 | name_12 = {{GamesName|SOG|1960}}
| gold_13 = 0 | silver_13 = 2 | bronze_13 = 0 | name_13 = {{GamesName|SOG|1992}}
| gold_14 = 3 | silver_14 = 1 | bronze_14 = 1 | name_14 = {{GamesName|SOG|1996}}
| gold_15 = 0 | silver_15 = 2 | bronze_15 = 3 | name_15 = {{GamesName|SOG|2000}}
| gold_16 = 1 | silver_16 = 3 | bronze_16 = 2 | name_16 = {{GamesName|SOG|2004}}
| gold_17 = 0 | silver_17 = 1 | bronze_17 = 0 | name_17 = {{GamesName|SOG|2008}}
| gold_18 = 4 | silver_18 = 1 | bronze_18 = 1 | name_18 = {{GamesName|SOG|2012}}
| gold_19 = 2 | silver_19 = 6 | bronze_19 = 2 | name_19 = {{GamesName|SOG|2016}}
}}

Medals by sport

{{Medals table
| caption =
| team = Sport
| hide_rank = yes
| leading =
| gold_1 = 9 | silver_1 = 13 | bronze_1 = 7 | name_1 = {{GamesSport|Athletics|Format=d}}
| gold_2 = 6 | silver_2 = 4 | bronze_2 = 9 | name_2 = {{GamesSport|Boxing|Format=d}}
| gold_3 = 6 | silver_3 = 6 | bronze_3 = 6 | name_3 = {{GamesSport|Swimming|Format=d}}
| gold_4 = 3 | silver_4 = 2 | bronze_4 = 1 | name_4 = {{GamesSport|Tennis|Format=d}}
| gold_5 = 1 | silver_5 = 4 | bronze_5 = 3 | name_5 = {{GamesSport|Cycling|Format=d}}
| gold_6 = 1 | silver_6 = 1 | bronze_6 = 1 | name_6 = {{GamesSport|Rowing|Format=d}}
| gold_7 = 0 | silver_7 = 1 | bronze_7 = 0 | name_7 = {{GamesSport|Shooting|Format=d}}
| gold_8 = 0 | silver_8 = 0 | bronze_8 = 1 | name_8 = {{GamesSport|Canoeing|Format=d}}
| gold_9 = 0 | silver_9 = 0 | bronze_9 = 1 | name_9 = {{GamesSport|Rugby|Format=d}}
| gold_10 = 0 | silver_10 = 0 | bronze_10 = 1 | name_10 = {{GamesSport|Triathlon|Format=d}}
}}

List of medalists

Medal	Name	Games	Sport	Event
{{gold medal}}	Reggie\|Walker}}	SOG\|1908}}	Athletics	Men's 100 metres
{{silver medal}}	Charles\|Hefferon}}	SOG\|1908}}	Athletics	Men's Marathon
{{gold medal}}	Ken\|McArthur}}	SOG\|1912}}	Athletics	Men's Marathon
{{gold medal}}	Rudolph\|Lewis}}	SOG\|1912}}	Cycling	Men's Individual Time Trial
{{gold medal}}	Harold\|Kitson}} {{sortname\|Charles\|Winslow}}	SOG\|1912}}	Tennis	Men's Doubles Outdoor
{{gold medal}}	Charles\|Winslow}}	SOG\|1912}}	Tennis	Men's Singles Outdoor
{{silver medal}}	Christian\|Gitsham}}	SOG\|1912}}	Athletics	Men's Marathon
{{silver medal}}	Harold\|Kitson}}	SOG\|1912}}	Tennis	Men's Singles Outdoor
{{gold medal}}	Bevil\|Rudd}}	SOG\|1920}}	Athletics	Men's 400 Metres
{{gold medal}}	Clarence\|Walker\|Clarence Walker (boxer)}}	SOG\|1920}}	Boxing	Men's Bantamweight
{{gold medal}}	Louis\|Raymond\|Louis Raymond (tennis)}}	SOG\|1920}}	Tennis	Men's Singles
{{silver medal}}	Henry\|Dafel}} {{sortname\|Jack\|Oosterlak}} {{sortname\|Clarence\|Oldfield}} {{sortname\|Bevil\|Rudd}}	SOG\|1920}}	Athletics	Men's 400 Metres Relay
{{silver medal}}	Henry\|Kaltenbrunn}}	SOG\|1920}}	Cycling	Men's Individual Time Trial
{{silver medal}}	William\|Smith\|William Smith (cyclist)}} {{sortname\|James\|Walker\|James Walker (cyclist)}}	SOG\|1920}}	Cycling	Men's Tandem
{{silver medal}}	David\|Smith\|David Smith (sport shooter)}} {{sortname\|Robert\|Bodley}} {{sortname\|Ferdinand\|Buchanan}} {{sortname\|Frederick\|Morgan\|Frederick Morgan (sport shooter)}}	SOG\|1920}}	Shooting	Men's Team 600 Metres Military Rifle
{{bronze medal}}	Bevil\|Rudd}}	SOG\|1920}}	Athletics	Men's 800m
{{bronze medal}}	James\|Walker\|James Walker (cyclist)}} {{sortname\|William\|Smith\|William Smith (cyclist)}} {{sortname\|Henry\|Kaltenbrunn}} {{sortname\|Harry\|Goosen}}	SOG\|1920}}	Cycling	Team Pursuit
{{bronze medal}}	Charles\|Winslow}}	SOG\|1920}}	Tennis	Men's Singles
{{gold medal}}	William\|Smith\|William Alexander Smith (boxer)}}	SOG\|1924}}	Boxing	Men's Bantamweight
{{silver medal}}	Sydney\|Atkinson}}	SOG\|1924}}	Athletics	Men's 110m Hurdles
{{bronze medal}}	Cecil\|McMaster}}	SOG\|1924}}	Athletics	Men's 10 Kilometer Walk
{{gold medal}}	Sydney\|Atkinson}}	SOG\|1928}}	Athletics	Men's 110m Hurdles
{{bronze medal}}	Harry\|Isaacs\|Harry Isaacs (boxer)}}	SOG\|1928}}	Boxing	Men's Bantamweight
{{bronze medal}}	Rhoda\|Rennie}} {{sortname\|Frederica\|van der Goes}} {{sortname\|Mary\|Bedford}} {{sortname\|Kathleen\|Russell\|Kathleen Russell (swimmer)}}	SOG\|1928}}	Swimming	Women's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay
{{gold medal}}	Lawrence\|Stevens}}	SOG\|1932}}	Boxing	Men's lightweight
{{gold medal}}	David\|Carstens}}	SOG\|1932}}	Boxing	Men's light-heavyweight
{{bronze medal}}	Marjorie\|Clark}}	SOG\|1932}}	Athletics	Women's 80m hurdles
{{bronze medal}}	Ernest\|Peirce}}	SOG\|1932}}	Boxing	Men's middleweight
{{bronze medal}}	Jenny\|Maakal}}	SOG\|1932}}	Swimming	Women's 400m freestyle
{{silver medal}}	Charles\|Catterall}}	SOG\|1936}}	Boxing	Men's featherweight
{{gold medal}}	Gerald\|Dreyer}}	SOG\|1948}}	Boxing	Men's lightweight
{{gold medal}}	George\|Hunter\|George Hunter (boxer)}}	SOG\|1948}}	Boxing	Men's light-heavyweight
{{silver medal}}	Dennis\|Shepherd}}	SOG\|1948}}	Boxing	Men's featherweight
{{bronze medal}}	John\|Arthur\|John Arthur (boxer)}}	SOG\|1948}}	Boxing	Men's heavyweight
{{gold medal}}	Esther\|Brand}}	SOG\|1952}}	Athletics	Women's high jump
{{gold medal}}	Joan\|Harrison\|Joan Harrison (swimmer)}}	SOG\|1952}}	Swimming	Women's 100m backstroke
{{silver medal}}	Daphne\|Robb-Hasenjäger}}	SOG\|1952}}	Athletics	Women's 100m
{{silver medal}}	Theunis\|Van Schalkwyk}}	SOG\|1952}}	Boxing	Men's light-middleweight
{{silver medal}}	Raymond\|Robinson\|Raymond Robinson (cyclist)}} Thomas Shardelow	SOG\|1952}}	Cycling (Track)	Men's 2000m tandem
{{silver medal}}	George\|Estman}} Robert Fowler Thomas Shardelow Alfred Swift	SOG\|1952}}	Cycling (Track)	Men's team pursuit (4000m)
{{bronze medal}}	William\|Toweel}}	SOG\|1952}}	Boxing	Men's flyweight
{{bronze medal}}	Leonard\|Leisching}}	SOG\|1952}}	Boxing	Men's featherweight
{{bronze medal}}	Andries\|Nieman}}	SOG\|1952}}	Boxing	Men's heavyweight
{{bronze medal}}	Raymond\|Robinson\|Raymond Robinson (cyclist)}}	SOG\|1952}}	Cycling (Track)	Men's 1 km time trial
{{bronze medal}}	Daniel\|Bekker}}	SOG\|1956}}/Stockholm	Boxing	Men's heavyweight
{{bronze medal}}	Henry\|Loubscher}}	SOG\|1956}}/Stockholm	Boxing	Men's light-welterweight
{{bronze medal}}	Alfred\|Swift}}	SOG\|1956}}/Stockholm	Cycling (Track)	Men's 1 km time trial
{{bronze medal}}	Moira\|Abernethy}} Jeanette Myburgh Natalie Myburgh Susan Elizabeth Roberts	SOG\|1956}}/Stockholm	Swimming	Women's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay
{{silver medal}}	Daniel\|Bekker}}	SOG\|1960}}	Boxing	Men's heavyweight
{{bronze medal}}	Malcolm Clive\|Spence}}	SOG\|1960}}	Athletics	Men's 400m
{{bronze medal}}	William\|Meyers}}	SOG\|1960}}	Boxing	Men's featherweight
{{silver medal}}	Elana\|Meyer}}	SOG\|1992}}	Athletics	Women's 10,000m
{{silver medal}}	Wayne\|Ferreira}} Piet Norval	SOG\|1992}}	Tennis	Men's Doubles
{{gold medal}}	Josia\|Thugwane}}	SOG\|1996}}	Athletics	Men's marathon
{{gold medal}}	Penelope\|Heyns}}	SOG\|1996}}	Swimming	Women's 100m breaststroke
{{gold medal}}	Penelope\|Heyns}}	SOG\|1996}}	Swimming	Women's 200m breaststroke
{{silver medal}}	Hezekiel\|Sepeng}}	SOG\|1996}}	Athletics	Men's 800m
{{bronze medal}}	Marianne\|Kriel}}	SOG\|1996}}	Swimming	Women's 100m backstroke
{{silver medal}}	Hestrie\|Cloete}}	SOG\|2000}}	Athletics	Women's high jump
{{silver medal}}	Terence\|Parkin}}	SOG\|2000}}	Swimming	Men's 200m breaststroke
{{bronze medal}}	Llewellyn\|Herbert}}	SOG\|2000}}	Athletics	Men's 400m hurdles
{{bronze medal}}	Frantz\|Kruger}}	SOG\|2000}}	Athletics	Men's discus throw
{{bronze medal}}	Penelope\|Heyns}}	SOG\|2000}}	Swimming	Women's 100m breaststroke
{{gold medal}}	Lyndon\|Ferns}} Ryk Neethling Roland Mark Schoeman Darian Townsend	SOG\|2004}}	Swimming	Men's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay
{{silver medal}}	Mbulaeni\|Mulaudzi}}	SOG\|2004}}	Athletics	Men's 800m
{{silver medal}}	Hestrie\|Cloete}}	SOG\|2004}}	Athletics	Women's high jump
{{silver medal}}	Roland Mark\|Schoeman}}	SOG\|2004}}	Swimming	Men's 100m freestyle
{{bronze medal}}	Donovan\|Cech}} Ramon di Clemente	SOG\|2004}}	Rowing	Men's coxless pair
{{bronze medal}}	Roland Mark\|Schoeman}}	SOG\|2004}}	Swimming	Men's 50m freestyle
{{silver medal}}	Khotso\|Mokoena}}	SOG\|2008}}	Athletics	Men's long jump
{{gold medal}}	Sizwe\|Ndlovu}} {{sortname\|Matthew\|Brittain}} {{sortname\|John\|Smith\|John Smith (South African rower)}} {{sortname\|James\|Thompson\|James Thompson (rower)}}	SOG\|2012}}	Rowing	Men's Lightweight Four
{{gold medal}}	Cameron\|van der Burgh}}	SOG\|2012}}	Swimming	Men's 100m breaststroke
{{gold medal}}	Chad\|le Clos}}	SOG\|2012}}	Swimming	Men's 200m butterfly
{{gold medal}}	Caster\|Semenya}}	SOG\|2012}}	Athletics	Women's 800m
{{silver medal}}	Chad\|le Clos}}	SOG\|2012}}	Swimming	Men's 100m butterfly
{{bronze medal}}	Bridgitte\|Hartley}}	SOG\|2012}}	Canoeing	Women's K-1 500m
{{gold medal}}	Wayde\|Van Niekerk}}	SOG\|2016}}	Athletics	Men's 400m
{{gold medal}}	Caster\|Semenya}}	SOG\|2016}}	Athletics	Women's 800m
{{silver medal}}	Chad\|le Clos}}	SOG\|2016}}	Swimming	Men's 200m freestyle
{{silver medal}}	Shaun\|Keeling}} {{sortname\|Lawrence\|Brittain}}	SOG\|2016}}	Rowing	Men's coxless pair
{{silver medal}}	Chad\|le Clos}}	SOG\|2016}}	Swimming	Men's 100m butterfly
{{silver medal}}	Cameron\|van der Burgh}}	SOG\|2016}}	Swimming	Men's 100m breaststroke
{{silver medal}}	Luvo\|Manyonga}}	SOG\|2016}}	Athletics	Men's long jump
{{silver medal}}	Sunette\|Viljoen}}	SOG\|2016}}	Athletics	Women's javelin throw
{{bronze medal}}	Cheslin\|Kolbe}} {{sortname\|Juan\|de Jongh}} {{sortname\|Seabelo\|Senatla}} {{sortname\|Justin\|Geduld}} {{sortname\|Kyle\|Brown\|Kyle Brown (rugby union)}} {{sortname\|Cecil\|Afrika}} {{sortname\|Kwagga\|Smith}} {{sortname\|Werner\|Kok}} {{sortname\|Rosko\|Specman}} {{sortname\|Philip\|Snyman}} {{sortname\|Dylan\|Sage}} {{sortname\|Francois\|Hougaard}} {{sortname\|Tim\|Agaba}}	SOG\|2016}}	Rugby Sevens	Men's tournament
{{bronze medal}}	Henri Schoeman	SOG\|2016}}	Triathlon	Men's Triathlon

References

1. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷{{Cite web|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/south-africa-and-olympic-games|title=South Africa and the Olympic Games|first=Lappe|last=Laubscher|date=23 August 2017|website=South African History Online|language=en|access-date=2019-02-11}}

External links

{{cite web |title=South Africa |publisher=International Olympic Committee |url=http://www.olympic.org/south-africa }}
{{IOC medals|NOC=RSA}}
{{cite web |title=Olympic Medal Winners |publisher=International Olympic Committee |url=http://www.olympic.org/athletes?search=1&countryname=south%20africa }}
{{cite web |title=South Africa |publisher=Sports-Reference.com |url=https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/countries/RSA }}

2 : South Africa at the Olympics|National sports teams of South Africa

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