| 词条 | Eufaula Lake |
| 释义 |
| name = Lake Eufaula | image = USACE Eufaula Lake and Dam Oklahoma.jpg | caption = Aerial view of Lake and Dam | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | location = Haskell / McIntosh / Pittsburg counties, Oklahoma, US | coords = {{coord|35|16|51|N|95|31|47|W|type:waterbody_region:US-AK_scale:250000|display=inline,title}} | lake_type = reservoir | inflow = North and South Canadian Rivers | outflow = Canadian River | catchment = | basin_countries = United States | length = | width = | area = {{convert|102000|acre|km2|abbr=on}} | depth = {{convert|23|ft|abbr=on}} (avg.) | max-depth = {{convert|87|ft|abbr=on}} | volume = {{convert|2099000|acre.ft|m3}} (full pool) | residence_time = | shore = {{convert|600|mi|abbr=on}} | elevation = {{convert|585|ft|abbr=on}} | islands = | cities = }}Eufaula Lake is a reservoir in Oklahoma. It is located on the Canadian River, {{convert|27|mi|km|0|abbr=on}} upstream from its confluence with the Arkansas River and near the town of Eufaula. The lake covers parts of McIntosh County, Pittsburg, Haskell and Okmulgee counties and drains {{convert|47,522|mi2|km2}}. Water sources include the Canadian, North Fork Canadian and Deep Fork rivers.[1] It is the largest-capacity lake in the state of Oklahoma with a volume of {{convert|2099000| acre.ft|m3}}, a surface area of {{convert|102000|acre|km2}} and {{convert|600|mi|km}} of shoreline.[2] HistoryCongress approved construction of the dam and lake in 1946 to provide flood control, hydroelectric power, water supply, navigation and recreation. The U. S. Army Corps of Engineers began construction of the 975 meter-long (3,199 feet) Eufaula Dam wall in 1956 and was completed in 1964. President Lyndon B. Johnson came to Oklahoma to dedicate the dam on September 25, 1964. The dam holds back a lake area of over {{convert|412|km2}}. The hydroelectric power station was designed to provide 90,000 kilowatts of electric power from the lake waters.[1] According to the Corps of Engineers in 2015, the Eufaula project cost $121.4 million, and has prevented nearly $575.5 million in flood damages since its completion.The lake attracts about 2.5 million visitors every year.[3] Heavy rains in the spring of 2015 caused Eufaula Lake to rise so rapidly that the Corps of Engineers opened the flood gates and released water at rates as high as {{convert|48000|ft3|m3}} per second. This was the highest rate since 1990.[4] Dam construction{{Infobox dam| name = Eufaula Dam | image = | image_caption = | name_official = | location_map = | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = | location = East of Eufaula, Oklahoma | country = | status = O | construction_began = 1956 | opening = 1964 | owner = U.S. Army Corps of Engineers | dam_crosses = Canadian River | dam_length = {{convert|3200|ft|m|0|abbr=on}} | dam_height = {{convert|114|ft|m|0|abbr=on}} | dam_type = Earthen embankment, concrete gravity composite | spillway_count = 11 | spillway_type = Tainter gate-controlled ogee weir | spillway_capacity = {{convert|465000|ft3/s|m3/s|0|abbr=on}} | res_name = Eufaula Lake | res_capacity_total = | res_surface = {{convert|102000|acre|km2|0|abbr=on}} | plant_commission = 1964 | plant_decommission = | plant_type = | plant_turbines = 3 x 30 MW | plant_capacity = 90 MW | extra = }} Eufaula Dam is east of the city of Eufaula, Oklahoma.{{efn|Eufaula Dam was formally named the Walter F. George Dam, when it was constructed.[5]}} It is {{convert|3200|feet|m|0}} long and {{convert|114|feet|m|0}} high. It is constructed with an earthen embankment and concrete. The associated hydroelectric power plant has three turbines, each rated at 30 megawatts, for a total installed capacity of 90 megawatts[6] The dam was approved by the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1946 and construction began in 1956. In February 1964, the river was closed and The generators went operational in September 1964.[7] State Highway 71 runs across the top of the dam. Standing RockStanding Rock is now covered by the waters of Lake Eufaula. The historic landmark stood in the middle of the Canadian river about {{convert|2|mi|km|spell=in}} below the junction of the North and South Canadians. When the lake is at its top level, {{convert|585|ft|m}}, the top of the huge upright rock is approximately {{convert|25|ft|m}} below the surface.[8] Recreational facilitiesActivities at Lake Eufaula include boating, fishing, swimming, hiking, hunting, golfing and horseback riding. Picnic areas are scattered throughout the area. Facilities include marinas, boat ramps, swim beaches, tent and RV campsites, cabins, group shelters, restrooms, showers and an enclosed fishing dock. A well-known tournament lake, Lake Eufaula draws anglers from across the United States to test their skills at catching largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, Kentucky bass, crappie, catfish, sandbass, stripers (below the dam), and other species. Oklahoma created two state parks, Arrowhead and Fountainhead, to provide recreational activities and camping facilities at the lake. The state borrowed $8 million from the Federal government to build a lodge at each park. However, the lodges did not provide enough money to repay the loan, so ownership reverted to the Federal government. In 1986, the U.S. Economic Administration sold Arrowhead Lodge to the Choctaw Nation and Fountainhead Lodge to a group of private investors.[1] MarinasList of Marinas on Lake Eufaula.
Popular cultureThe 2011 Jason Boland & the Stragglers song 'Farmer's Luck', written by Greg Jacobs, tells the story of how eminent domain laws were used to force farmers to sell their land to make way for the artificial lake. 'Choctaw Bingo' a song written and recorded by James McMurtry in 2002 says "He's got a quarter section up by Lake Eufaula. Caught a great big ol' blue cat on a driftin' jug line." The song was also released on the soundtrack for the movie 'Beer for My Horses.' It has also been covered by Ray Wylie Hubbard. Notes{{notelist}}Walter F George dam is in Al/Ga References1. ^1 2 O'Dell, Larry. Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. "Lake Eufaula."Retrieved April 20, 2013. 2. ^http://www.travelok.com/listings/view.profile/id.4330 accessed 6-23-2010 3. ^Puit, Glen. "Eufaula Dam has Spent Half Century Protecting the Public." McAlester News-Capital. June 14, 2015.] Accessed November 17, 2015. 4. ^Tess Maune, "Water Pouring Out Of Eufaula Dam Most In 25 Years." News on 6. May 13, 2015. Accessed November 16, 2015. 5. ^"Eufaula Lake, Oklahoma." Lakelubbers. Accessed November 17, 2015. 6. ^{{cite web|title=Eufaula Dam|url=http://www.energyjustice.net/map/displayfacility-66142.htm|publisher=Energy Justice Network|accessdate=29 March 2011}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Eufaula Lake|url=http://www.swt.usace.army.mil/PROJECTS/civil/civil_projects.cfm?number=10|publisher=U.S. Army Corps of Engineers|accessdate=25 October 2011}} 8. ^Muskogee Phoenix Standing Rock surrounded by myths and legends accessed 11-21-2011 9. ^http://www.duchesscreekmarina.com/ Duchess Creek Marina website accessed 3-24-2011 10. ^http://www.eufaulacovemarina.net/ Eufaula Cove Marina website accessed 3-24-2011 11. ^http://www.evergreenmarina.com/ website accessed 3-24-2011 12. ^http://www.no9marina.com/ No. 9 Marina website accessed 3-24-2011 External links
8 : Reservoirs in Oklahoma|Protected areas of McIntosh County, Oklahoma|Protected areas of Pittsburg County, Oklahoma|Protected areas of Haskell County, Oklahoma|Bodies of water of McIntosh County, Oklahoma|Bodies of water of Pittsburg County, Oklahoma|Bodies of water of Haskell County, Oklahoma|1964 establishments in Oklahoma |
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