| 词条 | Southern crested toad |
| 释义 |
| name = Southern crested toad | image = Bufo guentheri.JPG | status = VU | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Peltophryne guentheri | authority = (Cochran, 1941) | synonyms = Bufo guentheri Cochran, 1941 }} The southern crested toad or Gunther's Caribbean toad (Peltophryne guentheri) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Hispaniola and found in the lowlands of Haiti and the Dominican Republic.[2] Peltophryne fracta was described as a subspecies of this species, but is now recognized as a separate species.[3] DescriptionMales grow to {{convert|74|mm|abbr=on}} and females to {{convert|101|mm|abbr=on}} in snout–vent length.[4] Habitat and ecologyNatural habitats of Peltophryne guentheri are dry lowland valleys in both mesic and xeric areas.[1] These frogs have been observed to sit on or by piles of cattle manure. They appear to use sit-and-wait foraging strategy to catch insects on manure.[4] ConservationIt is threatened by habitat loss caused by livestock grazing and selective logging, and by agricultural pollution.[1] References1. ^1 2 {{Cite journal | author = Hedges, B. | author2 = Inchaustegui, S. | author3 = Hernandez, M. | author4 = Powell, R. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Peltophryne guentheri | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2004 | page = e.T54656A11182697 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2004 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/54656/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54656A11182697.en | access-date = 15 January 2018}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q28008679}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/index.php//Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Peltophryne/Peltophryne-guentheri |title=Peltophryne guentheri (Cochran, 1941) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2015 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |accessdate=14 September 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/index.php//Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Peltophryne/Peltophryne-fracta |title=Peltophryne fracta (Schwartz, 1972) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2015 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |accessdate=14 September 2015}} 4. ^1 {{cite journal |author=Landestoy, Miguel A. |author2=Robert Ortíz |author3=Patricia Torres |last-author-amp=yes |year=2015 |title=Use of cow manure by two sympatric species of toads in the northwestern Dominican Republic |journal=IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians: Conservation and Natural History |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=83–86 |url=http://www.rufford.org/files/IRCF%20Reptiles%20and%20Amphibians%20%E2%80%A2%2022(2)83%E2%80%9386%20%E2%80%A2%20Jun%202015.pdf}} 7 : Peltophryne|Endemic fauna of Hispaniola|Amphibians of the Dominican Republic|Amphibians of Haiti|Amphibians described in 1941|Taxa named by Doris Mable Cochran|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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