| 词条 | Southern Cross Decoration |
| 释义 |
| name = Southern Cross Decoration | image = Southern Cross Decoration.jpg | image_size = 300px | caption = | awarded_by = the State President and, from 1994, the President | country = {{flagicon|South Africa|1928}} {{flag|South Africa|1994}} | type = Military decoration for merit | eligibility = Officers | for = Outstanding service of the highest order and utmost devotion to duty | campaign = | status = Discontinued in 2003 | description = | motto = | clasps = | post-nominals = SD | established = 1975 | first_award = 1976 | last_award = | total = | posthumous = | recipients = | precedence_label = SADF pre-1994 & SANDF post-2002 orders of wear | individual = | higher = {{plainlist|SADF precedence:
}}{{plainlist|SANDF precedence:
}} | same = | lower = {{plainlist|SADF succession:
}}{{plainlist|SANDF succession:
}} | related = | image2 = | caption2 = Ribbon bar }} The Southern Cross Decoration, post-nominal letters SD, is a South African military decoration for merit which was instituted by the Republic on 1 July 1975. It was awarded to officers of the South African Defence Force for outstanding service of the highest order and utmost devotion to duty.[1][2][3][3][4] The South African militaryThe Union Defence Forces (UDF) were established in 1912 and renamed the South African Defence Force (SADF) in 1958. On 27 April 1994, it was integrated with six other independent forces into the South African National Defence Force (SANDF).[5][6][7] InstitutionThe Southern Cross Decoration, post-nominal letters SD, was instituted by the State President on 1 July 1975.[1][5] Award criteriaThe decoration could be awarded to officers of the South African Defence Force for outstanding service of the highest order and utmost devotion to duty. A Bar was instituted in 1993, to be awarded in recognition of further similar displays of outstanding service of the highest order and utmost devotion to duty. The equivalent award for other ranks was the Pro Merito Decoration (PMD).[1][5][3][4] Although not prescribed, the practice was generally that recipients must already have received the Southern Cross Medal (SM).[5] The first recipient was Admiral Hugo Biermann SSA OBE GCIH, who received the decoration upon his retirement as Chief of the South African Defence Force in 1976.[5] Order of wear{{main|South African military decorations order of wear#Order of wear}}The position of the Southern Cross Decoration in the official order of precedence was revised three times, to accommodate the inclusion or institution of new decorations and medals, first upon the integration into the South African National Defence Force in 1994, again when decorations and medals were belatedly instituted in April 1996 for the two former non-statutory forces, the Azanian People's Liberation Army and Umkhonto we Sizwe, and again upon the institution of a new set of awards in 2003, but it remained unchanged on all three occasions.[8][9]
Description
The Southern Cross Decoration is a silver-gilt double Maltese cross, which fits in a circle 45 millimetres in diameter. The arms of the cross are in white enamel, with the stars of the Southern Cross on a framed roundel, in dark blue enamel, in the centre. A protea attaches the decoration to the ribbon hanger.[5][10]
The reverse has the pre-1994 South African Coat of Arms in the centre, with the decoration number impressed above and the silver hallmark below.[10]
The Bar is silver-gilt and has an emblem, depicting a Protea, embossed in the centre. The same Bar was used to indicate multiple awards of the Pro Virtute Decoration, Southern Cross Decoration, Pro Merito Decoration and Ad Astra Decoration.[11]
The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide and dark blue, with two 1 millimetre wide white bands in the centre, 4 millimetres apart.[10] DiscontinuationConferment of the decoration was discontinued in respect of services performed on or after 27 April 2003, when the Southern Cross Decoration and the Pro Merito Decoration (PMD) were both replaced by the new iPhrothiya yeGolide (PG).[7][12] References1. ^1 2 South African Medal Website - Post-nominal Letters (Accessed 28 April 2015) {{South African military decorations and medals}}2. ^SA Army - Uniform: Former Forces Medals - South African Defence Force (SADF) 3. ^1 Alexander, E.G.M., Barron, G.K.B. and Bateman, A.J. (1986). South African Orders, Decorations and Medals. Human and Rousseau. 4. ^1 Monick, S, (1988). South African Military Awards 1912-1987. South African National Museum of Military History. 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 South African Medal Website - SA Defence Force : 1975-2003 (Accessed 30 April 2015) 6. ^South African Medal Website - SA Defence Force : 1952-1975 (Accessed 30 April 2015) 7. ^1 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 457, no. 25213, Pretoria, 25 July 2003 8. ^1 2 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette no. 15093, Pretoria, 3 September 1993 9. ^1 2 Republic of South Africa Government Gazette Vol. 477, no. 27376, Pretoria, 11 March 2005, {{OCLC|72827981}} 10. ^1 2 [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Southern_Cross_Decoration_(SD).jpg Southern Cross Decoration (SD)] 11. ^{{cite book|editor-last=Mackay|editor-first=James|title=The Medal Yearbook 2004|year=2004|publisher=Token Publishing Ltd.|location=Devon, UK|isbn=978-1-870192-62-0|page=380|author1=Mussell, John W.|author2=Editorial Team of Medal News}} 12. ^Republic of South Africa Government Gazette no. 26778, Pretoria, 17 September 2004 2 : Military decorations and medals of South Africa|Military decorations and medals of South Africa in order of precedence |
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