| 词条 | Euphorbia myrsinites |
| 释义 |
|image = Euphorbia myrsinites.JPG |genus = Euphorbia |species = myrsinites |authority = L. }} Euphorbia myrsinites, the myrtle spurge,[1] blue spurge,[1] or broad-leaved glaucous-spurge,[2] is a succulent species of the spurge (family Euphorbiaceae). DistributionThe plant is native to southeastern Europe and Asia Minor, from Italy east through the Balkans to Crimea and Turkey.[3][1] EtymologyThe specific epithet myrsinites is derived from the Greek word {{lang|el|μυρσινίτης}} (myrsinites), which was used in Dioscorides's De Materia Medica to describe its similarity to {{lang|el|μυρσίνη}} (myrsine), aka myrtle (Myrtus communis).[4][5] In other contexts, the word could be used to describe a similarity to Myrsine, another unrelated genus whose name is also derived from the Greek name of myrtle. DescriptionMyrtle spurge is an evergreen perennial. It has sprawling stems growing to 20–40 cm long. The leaves are spirally arranged, fleshy, pale glaucous bluish-green, 1–2 cm long. The flowers are inconspicuous, but surrounded by bright sulphur-yellow bracts (tinged red in the cultivar 'Washfield'); they are produced during the spring.[6] Plants spread primarily by seed and are capable of projecting seed up to 15 feet.[7] ToxicityThe plant's milky sap can cause significant skin and eye irritation in humans. Goggles, gloves and protective gear is often used when removing plants. Children are more susceptible than adults to symptoms from myrtle spurge, suggesting play areas not in proximity to the species. Pets can have similar reactions to myrtle spurge sap exposure. The species can be strongly allelopathic, preventing other plants from growing nearby. CultivationEuphorbia myrsinites is cultivated as an ornamental plant for its distinctive silver-gray foliage, and is used in garden borders, 'modernist' mass plantings, and as a potted plant. It is planted in drought tolerant gardens in California and other dry climates. In the United Kingdom, the cultivated plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[8][9] Noxious weedEuphorbia myrsinites is identified as a noxious weed and/or invasive species in some regions. Its cultivation is illegal in the U.S. state of Colorado, where it is classified as a Class A noxious weed, and landowners are legally required to eradicate it.[10]Myrtle spurge is also classified as a noxious weed in the U.S. state of Oregon, subject to quarantine.[11] It was listed as a noxious weed in Salt Lake County, Utah in 2007, and since has been illegal for sale within the county.[12] Salt Lake County landowners and land managers are legally responsible to contain, control, or eradicate the species on their property. The Utah Native Plant Society has also formally recommended it be listed as a Utah state noxious weed. Control
References1. ^1 2 {{GRIN | accessdate = 12 January 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archive-date=2015-01-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 3. ^Flora Europaea: Euphorbia myrsinites 4. ^{{cite book|last=Gledhill|first=David|title=The Names of Plants|edition=4th|year=2008|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=United Kingdom|isbn=978-0-511-47376-0|pages=268}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Dioscorides|first=Pedanius|title=De Materia Medica|year=2000|publisher=IBIDIS Press cc|location=South Africa|isbn=978-0-620-23435-1|pages=722}} 6. ^Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. {{ISBN|0-333-47494-5}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Myrtle Spurge Fact Sheet|url=http://www.weeds.slco.org/pdf/MyrtleSpurge.pdf|publisher=Salt Lake County Weed Control Program|accessdate=10 March 2013}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Euphorbia myrsinites AGM|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=772|publisher=Royal Horticultural Society|accessdate=26 July 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 38 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 25 February 2018}} 10. ^[https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/agconservation/myrtle-spurge Myrtle Spurge] 11. ^Oregon State-listed Noxious Weeds 12. ^Salt Lake County Weeds 13. ^{{cite web|title=Myrtle Spurge Fact Sheet|url=http://www.weeds.slco.org/pdf/MyrtleSpurge.pdf|publisher=Salt Lake County Weed Control Program|accessdate=10 March 2013}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Myrtle Spurge Fact Sheet|url=http://www.weeds.slco.org/pdf/MyrtleSpurge.pdf|publisher=Salt Lake County Weed Control Program|accessdate=10 March 2013}} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Myrtle Spurge|url=http://www.oregon.gov/ODA/PLANT/WEEDS/pages/profile_myrtlespurge.aspx|publisher=ODA Plant Programs, Noxious Weed Control}} External links{{Commonscat|Euphorbia myrsinites|position=left}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q2305124}} 14 : Euphorbia|Flora of Europe|Flora of Bulgaria|Flora of Greece|Flora of Italy|Flora of Romania|Flora of Slovenia|Flora of Turkey|Flora of Ukraine|Flora of the Crimean Peninsula|Invasive plant species in the United States|Plants described in 1753|Garden plants of Europe|Drought-tolerant plants |
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