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词条 Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
释义

  1. Role

  2. Dress

  3. Speakers of the Legislative Assembly

  4. External links

{{Infobox Political post
|post = Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
|body =
|insignia =
|insigniasize = 100px
|insigniacaption = Crowned circlet
|nativename =
|image = File: Shelley Hancock Official Photo.jpg
|incumbent = Shelley Hancock
|incumbentsince = 3 May 2011
|style = The Honourable
Mr/Madam Speaker (In the House)
|appointer = The Monarch's Representative at the behest of the Legislative Assembly
|termlength = Elected by the Assembly at the start of each Parliament, and upon a vacancy
|formation = 1856
|succession =
|inaugural = Sir Daniel Cooper
|website =
}}

The Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly is the presiding officer of the Legislative Assembly, New South Wales's lower chamber of Parliament. The current Speaker is Shelley Hancock, who was elected on 3 May 2011. Traditionally a partisan office, filled by the governing party of the time, Hancock replaced the previous Independent Richard Torbay, following the 2011 general election.

Role

The Speaker presides over the House's debates, determining which members may speak. The Speaker is also responsible for maintaining order during debate, and may punish members who break the rules of the House. Conventionally, the Speaker remains non-partisan, and renounces all affiliation with his former political party when taking office. The Speaker does not take part in debate nor vote (except to break ties, and even then, subject to conventions that maintain his or her non-partisan status), although the Speaker is still able to speak. Aside from duties relating to presiding over the House, the Speaker also performs administrative and procedural functions, and remains a constituency Member of Parliament (MP).

The office of the Speaker is recognised in section 31 of the Constitution Act 1902 as the Legislative Assembly's "independent and impartial representative". The first act of the new Parliament, after the swearing in of Members, is the election of a Speaker. Section 31B of the Constitution Act outlines the method of election. Under section 70 of the Parliamentary Electorates and Elections Act 1912, the Speaker issues writs to fill vacancies caused otherwise than by a General Election, which would be issued by the Governor.

The Speaker's role in the House is to maintain order, put questions after debate and conduct divisions. In maintaining order the Speaker interprets and applies the Standing Orders and practice of the House by making rulings and decisions.

The Speaker also has extensive administrative functions, being responsible, with the President, for the overall direction of the Parliament. In this, the Presiding Officers are advised by the Clerks of both Houses. The Speaker is solely responsible for the operation of the Department of the Legislative Assembly.

If only one candidate is nominated for election, then no ballot is held, and the Assembly proceeds directly to the motion to appoint the candidate to the Speakership. A similar procedure is used if a Speaker seeks a further term after a general election: no ballot is held, and the Assembly immediately votes on a motion to re-elect the Speaker. If the motion to re-elect the Speaker fails, candidates are nominated, and the Assembly proceeds with voting. Upon the passage of the motion, the Speaker-elect is expected to show reluctance at being chosen; he or she is customarily "dragged unwillingly" by MPs to the Speaker's bench. This custom has its roots in the Speaker's original function of communicating the House of Commons' opinions to the monarch. Historically, the Speaker, representing the House to the Monarch, potentially faced the Monarch's anger and therefore required some persuasion to accept the post.

After election, the Speaker ceases to be associated with his or her former party. In 2007, Richard Torbay was the first independent Speaker since 1917, breaking a pattern of alternation between Labor and Conservative members which had occurred from the 1917 through to the 2003 elections of Speakers.

Many Speakers also held higher or other offices while in Parliament:The first Speaker, Sir Daniel Cooper (1856–1860) was later made a Baronet, of Woollahra in New South Wales, in 1863; William Arnold (1865–1875) served in the Robertson and Cowper Ministries before becoming Speaker; Sir George Wigram Allen (1875–1882) also served as a Minister in the first Parkes Government; Edmund Barton (1883–1887) entered the new Federal Parliament in 1901 as the first Prime Minister of Australia (1901–1903) and thereafter served as a Puisne Justice of the High Court of Australia until 1920; James Dooley (1925–1927) before taking up the role of Speaker had served two terms as the Premier of New South Wales in 1921 and from 1921 to 1922; Reginald Weaver (1937–1941), later served briefly as Leader of the Opposition of New South Wales and as the first Leader of the NSW Liberal Party in 1945 before his death and John Aquilina (2003–2007) also served as a Minister in the Unsworth and Carr Labor Governments.

Dress

Following the Westminster tradition inherited from the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, the traditional dress of the speaker includes components of Court dress such as the black silk lay-type gown (similar to a QC's gown), a lace collar or jabot (another variation included a white bow tie with a lace jabot), bar jacket, white gloves and a full-bottomed wig. Often the dress variated according to the party in power, with most Labor party speakers eschewing the wig while retaining the court dress, while conservative and independent speakers tended to wear the full dress.

The Speaker, currently, no longer wears the traditional court dress outfit. Kevin Rozzoli was the last speaker to do so. From 1995 to 2007, Speakers Murray and Aquilina opted not to wear any dress at all, preferring a business suit. Torbay chose not to wear the full court dress of the speaker upon his election in 2007, nevertheless he returned to tradition by wearing the gown during question time and significant occasions such as the Budget. Speaker Hancock has continued this practice. However, there is nothing stopping any given Speaker, if they choose to do so, from assuming traditional court dress or anything they deem appropriate.

Speakers of the Legislative Assembly

# Name Party Term start Term end
1 Sir Daniel Cooper Independent}} |  None 22 May 1856 31 January 1860
2 Terence Aubrey Murray Independent}} |  None 31 January 1860 13 October 1862
3 John Hay Independent}} |  None 14 October 1862 31 October 1865
4 William Arnold Independent}} |  None 1 November 1865 1 March 1875
5 Sir George Wigram Allen Independent}} |  None 23 March 1875 23 November 1882
6 Edmund Barton Independent}} |  None 3 January 1883 31 January 1887
7 James Young Free Trade}} |  Free Trade 8 March 1887 21 October 1890
8 Sir Joseph Palmer Abbott Independent}} |  Independent 22 October 1890 12 June 1900
9 William McCourt Liberal Reform}} |  Liberal Reform 13 June 1900 14 November 1910
10 John Cann Labor NSW}} |  Labor 15 November 1910 31 July 1911
11 Henry Willis Liberal Reform}} |  Liberal Reform 24 August 1911 22 July 1913
12 Henry Morton Independent}} |  Independent 22 July 1913 22 December 1913
13 Richard Meagher Labor}} |  Labor 23 December 1913 16 April 1917
14 John Cohen Nationalist}} |  Nationalist 17 April 1917 30 January 1919
15 Daniel Levy Nationalist}} |  Nationalist 19 August 1919 12 December 1921
16 Simon Hickey Labor}} |  Labor 13 December 1921 20 December 1921
– Daniel Levy Nationalist}} |  Nationalist 20 December 1921 23 June 1925
17 James Dooley Labor}} |  Labor 24 June 1925 2 November 1927
– Sir Daniel Levy Nationalist}} |  Nationalist 3 November 1927 24 November 1930
18 Frank Burke Labor}} |  Labor 25 November 1930 23 June 1932
– Sir Daniel Levy UAP}} |  United Australia 24 June 1932 20 May 1937
19 Reginald Weaver UAP}} |  United Australia 4 August 1937 27 May 1941
20 Daniel Clyne Labor}} |  Labor 28 May 1941 27 May 1947
21 Bill Lamb Labor}} |  Labor 28 May 1947 20 April 1959
22 Ray Maher Labor}} |  Labor 21 April 1959 29 January 1965
23 Sir Kevin Ellis Liberal}} |  Liberal 26 May 1965 3 December 1973
24 Jim Cameron Liberal}} |  Liberal 4 December 1973 24 May 1976
25 Laurie Kelly Labor}} |  Labor 25 May 1976 26 April 1988
26 Kevin Rozzoli Liberal}} |  Liberal 27 April 1988 1 May 1995
27 John Murray Labor}} |  Labor 2 May 1995 28 April 2003
28 John Aquilina Labor}} |  Labor 29 April 2003 7 May 2007
29 Richard Torbay Independent}} |  Independent 8 May 2007 2 May 2011
30 Shelley Hancock Liberal}} |  Liberal 3 May 2011 Incumbent

External links

  • The NSW Legislative Assembly
  • Parliament of NSW – Presiding officers
{{Government of New South Wales}}{{Presiding officers of Australian legislatures}}

2 : Lists of Speakers of state and territorial lower houses in Australia|Speakers of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
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