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词条 European Grand Prix
释义

  1. As an honorific title

  2. As a round of the World Championship

     Brands Hatch  Donington Park  Jerez  Nürburgring  Valencia  Baku 

  3. Sponsors

  4. Winners of the European Grand Prix

     Repeat winners (drivers)  Repeat winners (constructors)  By year: the European Grand Prix as a standalone event  By year: the European Grand Prix as an honorary designation 

  5. References

  6. External links

{{about|the Formula One race}}{{EngvarB|date=January 2017}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}{{F1 race
| Name = European Grand Prix
| Race_length_km =
| Race_length_mi =
| First_held = 1983
| Last_held = 2016
| Times_held = 23
{{flagicon|Germany}} Nürburgring (12)
{{nowrap|{{flagicon|Spain}} Valencia Street Circuit (5)}}
{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} Brands Hatch (2)
{{flagicon|Spain}} Circuito de Jerez (2)
{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} Donington Park (1)
{{flagicon|Azerbaijan}} Baku City Circuit (1)
| Most_wins_driver = {{flagicon|Germany}} Michael Schumacher (6)
| Most_wins_constructor = {{flagicon|Italy}} Ferrari (7)
| Current_year = 2016
| Pole_driver = {{flagicon|Germany}} Nico Rosberg
| Pole_team = Mercedes
| Pole_time = 1:42.758
| Winner = {{flagicon|Germany}} N. Rosberg
| Winning_team = Mercedes
| Winning_time = 1:32:52.366
| Second = {{flagicon|Germany}} S. Vettel
| Second_team = Ferrari
| Second_time = +16.696
| Third = {{flagicon|Mexico}} S. Pérez
| Third_team = Force India-Mercedes
| Third_time = +25.241
| Fastest_lap_driver = {{flagicon|Germany}} Nico Rosberg
| Fastest_lap_team = Mercedes
| Fastest_lap = 1:46.485
}}

The European Grand Prix (also known as the Grand Prix of Europe) was a Formula One event that was introduced during the mid-1980s and was held every year from {{F1|1993}} to {{F1|2012}}, except in {{F1|1998}}. During these years, the European Grand Prix was held in a country that hosted its own national Grand Prix at a different point in the same season, at a different circuit. The race returned as a one-off in {{F1|2016}}, being held on a street circuit in Baku, Azerbaijan; this event was renamed the Azerbaijan Grand Prix in {{F1|2017}}.

In earlier years, the European Grand Prix was not a race in its own right, but an honorific title given to one of the national Grands Prix in Europe. The first race to be so named was the 1923 Italian Grand Prix, held at Monza, and the last was the 1977 British Grand Prix at Silverstone.

As an honorific title

The European Grand Prix was created as an honorific title by the AIACR, the FIA's predecessor in the organisation of motor racing events. The first race to receive the title was the Italian Grand Prix, in 1923; the French Grand Prix followed in 1924 and the Belgian Grand Prix in 1925. After a hiatus in 1929, the Belgian race received the title in 1930, becoming the last race to do so before World War II.

The title was revived by the FIA after the war, when it was given to the 1947 Belgian Grand Prix. For the next thirty years (except 1953 and 1969–71), the title was distributed across several countries, including at the prestigious Monaco Grand Prix in 1963. The last race to receive the title was the 1977 British Grand Prix. All post-war honorific European Grands Prix were Formula One races except for the 1952 event, the Belgian Grand Prix, which was run to Formula Two regulations.

The Italian and Belgian Grands Prix both received the title seven times, more than any other race.

As a round of the World Championship

Brands Hatch

The event was initially created as a stop-gap. In 1983, the Formula One schedule originally featured a race near Flushing Meadows in New York City. When the race was cancelled three months before the event, track organizers at Brands Hatch were able to create a European Grand Prix at the track in its place. The success of the event, buoyed by a spirited battle for the World Championship, led to the event returning on the schedule the following year.

Brands Hatch was unable to host the European Grand Prix in 1984, as it was hosting the British Grand Prix in even numbered years (alternating with Silverstone) so the European GP went to a redesigned and shorter Nürburgring circuit in 1984.

Brands Hatch returned to host the European Grand Prix in 1985, but the race was replaced in 1986 by the Hungarian Grand Prix.

Donington Park

In 1990, a wealthy Japanese businessman, Tomonori Tsurumaki, built the Nippon Autopolis with the idea of hosting a Formula One race. In 1992, plans were made to have an Asian Grand Prix in 1993 to replace the Mexican Grand Prix on the schedule. However, these plans failed to materialise. Instead, Bernie Ecclestone added a race at Donington Park to the schedule, which brought back the European Grand Prix moniker. The race was the brainchild of Tom Wheatcroft, who had been trying to bring F1 to the track since an abortive attempt to host the British Grand Prix in 1988. The first and so far only Formula One Grand Prix at Donington Park resulted in Ayrton Senna's victory in mixed wet and dry conditions.

Jerez

The European race would go the following season to Jerez in Spain. Jerez hosted round 14 of 16 in 1994 and the season finale in 1997, and it was the site of the famous collision between Michael Schumacher and Jacques Villeneuve which saw Schumacher get disqualified from the championship and it was also the scene of Mika Häkkinen's first Formula One victory.

Nürburgring

Brands Hatch was unable to host the European Grand Prix in 1984, so the European GP went to a redesigned and shorter Nürburgring circuit in 1984. It was a far cry from the 14-mile Nürburgring that most were used to seeing, and was initially unpopular during Formula One's return.

The race returned to Nürburgring in 1995, which was now popular again with drivers. But after complaints that no other countries were to get the race, the Nürburgring race was renamed the Luxembourg Grand Prix. Jerez got the race back in 1997 as a replacement for the Portuguese Grand Prix.

In 1998, the European Grand Prix was dropped from the schedule, but returned in 1999 when the race at Nürburgring re-adopted the European Grand Prix name.

The 1999 race saw torrential rain conditions which caused numerous retirements, presenting Johnny Herbert with the opportunity to take Stewart Grand Prix's first and only victory in its final season before being sold to Ford.

The race continued to be held at the Nürburgring until 2007. On 29 August 2006 it was announced that it had been removed from the F1 calendar for the 2007 season. From then there would only be one GP hosted in Germany each year, alternating between Hockenheimring and Nürburgring. However, what the name of this Grand Prix would be was uncertain for a time; while originally intended to be the German Grand Prix from 2007,[1] the Nürburgring race of 2007 was renamed "Großer Preis von Europa" (European Grand Prix)[2] due to a dispute over the ownership of the title "German Grand Prix".[3]

Valencia

From {{f1|2008}} to {{f1|2012}} the European Grand Prix took place in Valencia, Spain. During the 2009 event, Valencia signed a deal for a further 5 races, which put Valencia on the calendar until 2014.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}} Despite this, in March 2012, it was announced that the European Grand Prix was to be discontinued in 2013, with the Spanish Grand Prix planned to alternate between Barcelona and Valencia.[4]{{failed verification|date=June 2016}} However, Barcelona has retained the race since 2013, and the Valencia circuit was removed from the calendar.

Baku

The European Grand Prix returned to the Formula One World Championship in {{F1|2016}}, being held on the Baku City Circuit in Azerbaijan. The race was renamed the Azerbaijan Grand Prix for the {{F1|2017}} season. This means that the European Grand Prix was again discontinued after a one-off in 2016.

Sponsors

  • 1983: John Player Special Grand Prix of Europe[5]
  • 1984: AvD-Großer Preis von Europa[6]
  • 1985: Shell Oils Grand Prix of Europe[7]
  • 1993: SEGA European Grand Prix[8]
  • 1999 – 2001: Warsteiner Grand Prix of Europe[9]
  • 2002 – 2004: Allianz Grand Prix of Europe[10]
  • 2008 – 2010:Telefónica Grand Prix of Europe[11]

Winners of the European Grand Prix

Repeat winners (drivers)

Only includes standalone events.

Wins Driver Years won
6Germany}} Michael Schumacher 1994, 1995, 2000, 2001, 2004, 2006
3Spain}} Fernando Alonso 2005, 2007, 2012
2Brazil}} Rubens Barrichello 2002, 2009
Germany}} Sebastian Vettel 2010, 2011

Repeat winners (constructors)

Only includes standalone events.

Wins Constructor Years won
7Italy}} Ferrari 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012
4UK}} McLaren 1984, 1993, 1997, 2007
3UK}} Williams 1985, 1996, 2003
2UK}} Benetton 1994, 1995
Austria}} Red Bull 2010, 2011

By year: the European Grand Prix as a standalone event

Year Driver Constructor Location Report
2016Germany}} Nico Rosberg MercedesAZE}} Baku Report
2015
–
2013		Not held
2012Spain}} Fernando Alonso Ferrari{{flagicon|ESP}} Valencia Report
2011Germany}} Sebastian Vettel Red Bull-Renault Report
2010Germany}} Sebastian Vettel Red Bull-Renault Report
2009Brazil}} Rubens Barrichello Brawn-Mercedes Report
2008Brazil}} Felipe Massa Ferrari Report
2007Spain}} Fernando Alonso McLaren-Mercedes{{flagicon|GER}} Nürburgring GP-Strecke Report
2006Germany}} Michael Schumacher Ferrari Report
2005Spain}} Fernando Alonso Renault Report
2004Germany}} Michael Schumacher Ferrari Report
2003Germany}} Ralf Schumacher Williams-BMW Report
2002Brazil}} Rubens Barrichello Ferrari Report
2001Germany}} Michael Schumacher Ferrari Report
2000Germany}} Michael Schumacher Ferrari Report
1999UK}} Johnny Herbert Stewart-Ford Report
1998Not held
1997Finland}} Mika Häkkinen McLaren-MercedesESP}} Jerez Report
1996Canada}} Jacques Villeneuve Williams-Renault{{flagicon|GER}} Nürburgring GP-Strecke Report
1995Germany}} Michael Schumacher Benetton-Renault Report
1994Germany}} Michael Schumacher Benetton-FordESP}} Jerez Report
1993Brazil}} Ayrton Senna McLaren-FordGBR}} Donington Report
1992
–
1986		Not held
1985UK}} Nigel Mansell Williams-HondaGBR}} Brands Hatch Report
1984France}} Alain Prost McLaren-TAGGER}} Nürburgring GP-Strecke Report
1983Brazil}} Nelson Piquet Brabham-BMWGBR}} Brands Hatch Report

By year: the European Grand Prix as an honorary designation

A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship.
Year Driver Constructor Designated Grand Prix Location Report
1977UK}} James Hunt McLaren-FordUK}} British Grand Prix Silverstone Report
1976UK}} James Hunt McLaren-FordNetherlands}} Dutch Grand Prix Zandvoort Report
1975Italy}} Vittorio Brambilla March-FordAustria}} Austrian Grand Prix Österreichring Report
1974Switzerland}} Clay Regazzoni FerrariGermany}} German Grand Prix Nürburgring Nordschleife Report
1973UK}} Jackie Stewart Tyrrell-FordBelgium}} Belgian Grand Prix Zolder Report
1972Brazil}} Emerson Fittipaldi Lotus-FordUK}} British Grand Prix Brands Hatch Report
1971
–
1969		Not held
1968UK}} Jackie Stewart Matra-FordGermany}} German Grand Prix Nürburgring Nordschleife Report
1967UK}} John Surtees HondaItaly}} Italian Grand Prix Monza Report
1966Australia}} Jack Brabham Brabham-RepcoFrance}} French Grand Prix Reims-Gueux Report
1965UK}} Jim Clark Lotus-ClimaxBelgium}} Belgian Grand Prix Spa-Francorchamps 14 km circuit Report
1964UK}} Jim Clark Lotus-ClimaxUK}} British Grand Prix Brands Hatch Report
1963UK}} Graham Hill BRMMonaco}} Monaco Grand Prix Monaco Report
1962UK}} Graham Hill BRMNetherlands}} Dutch Grand Prix Zandvoort Report
1961UK}} Stirling Moss Lotus-ClimaxGermany}} German Grand Prix Nürburgring Nordschleife Report
1960United States|1959}} Phil Hill FerrariItaly}} Italian Grand Prix Monza Full Circuit Report
1959UK}} Tony Brooks FerrariFrance}} French Grand Prix Reims-Gueux Report
1958UK}} Tony Brooks VanwallBelgium}} Belgian Grand Prix Spa-Francorchamps 14 km circuit Report
1957UK}} Tony Brooks
{{flagicon|UK}} Stirling Moss		 VanwallUK}} British Grand Prix Aintree Report
1956UK}} Stirling Moss MaseratiItaly}} Italian Grand Prix Monza Full Circuit Report
1955France}} Maurice Trintignant FerrariMonaco}} Monaco Grand Prix Monaco Report
1954Argentina}} Juan Manuel Fangio MercedesGermany}} German Grand Prix Nürburgring Nordschleife Report
1953Not held
1952Italy}} Alberto Ascari FerrariBelgium}} Belgian Grand Prix Spa-Francorchamps 14 km circuit Report
1951Italy}} Luigi Fagioli
{{flagicon|Argentina}} Juan Manuel Fangio		 Alfa RomeoFrance}} French Grand Prix Reims-Gueux Report
1950Italy}} Giuseppe Farina Alfa RomeoUK}} British Grand Prix Silverstone Report
1949Italy}} Alberto Ascari FerrariItaly}} Italian Grand Prix Monza Report
1948Italy}} Carlo Felice Trossi Alfa RomeoSwitzerland}} Swiss Grand Prix Bremgarten Report
1947France}} Jean-Pierre Wimille Alfa RomeoBelgium}} Belgian Grand Prix Spa-Francorchamps 14 km circuit Report
1946
–
1931		Not held
1930Monaco}} Louis Chiron BugattiBelgium}} Belgian Grand Prix Spa-Francorchamps 15 km circuit Report
1929Not held
1928Monaco}} Louis Chiron BugattiItaly|1861}} Italian Grand Prix Monza Full Circuit Report
1927France}} Robert Benoist DelageItaly|1861}} Italian Grand Prix Monza Full Circuit Report
1926France}} Jules Goux BugattiSpain|1785}} San Sebastián Grand Prix Lasarte Report
1925Italy|1861}} Antonio Ascari Alfa RomeoBelgium}} Belgian Grand Prix Spa-Francorchamps 15 km circuit Report
1924Italy|1861}} Giuseppe Campari Alfa RomeoFrance}} French Grand Prix Lyon Report
1923Italy|1861}} Carlo Salamano FiatItaly|1861}} Italian Grand Prix Monza Full Circuit Report

References

{{Refbegin}}
  • The Golden Age by Leif Snellman
{{Refend}}
1. ^{{cite web| author = Official FIA press release| title = 2007 FIA Formula One championship circuit and lap information, published on February 14, 2007| work = Official FIA press release| url = http://www.fia.com/mediacentre/Press_Releases/FIA_Sport/2007/February/140207-02.html| accessdate = 22 April 2007| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070404174400/http://www.fia.com/mediacentre/Press_Releases/FIA_Sport/2007/February/140207-02.html| archivedate = 4 April 2007| df = dmy-all}}
2. ^{{cite web| title = Nürburgring| work = Official Homepage of the Nürburgring| url = http://www.nuerburgring.de| accessdate = 14 April 2007}}
3. ^The race held at Nürburgring in 2007 was originally going to be called the German Grand Prix but the title was changed to European Grand Prix due to the dispute over the ownership of the German Grand Prix name. See Autosport: Name row leads to return of European GP
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://sports.in.msn.com/formulaone/article.aspx?cp-documentid=5913688|title=Valencia pays 2012 fee, Spain to alternate from 2013|publisher=MSN Sport|date=9 March 2012|work=MSN Sport|accessdate=9 March 2012}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.progcovers.com/motor/f11983.html|title=1983 Formula 1 Programmes – The Motor Racing Programme Covers Project|first=Malcolm|last=Mitchell|website=www.progcovers.com}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.progcovers.com/motor/f11984.html|title=1984 Formula 1 Programmes – The Motor Racing Programme Covers Project|first=Malcolm|last=Mitchell|website=www.progcovers.com}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.progcovers.com/motor/f11985.html|title=1985 Formula 1 Programmes – The Motor Racing Programme Covers Project|first=Malcolm|last=Mitchell|website=www.progcovers.com}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.progcovers.com/motor/f11993.html|title=1993 Formula 1 Programmes – The Motor Racing Programme Covers Project|first=Malcolm|last=Mitchell|website=www.progcovers.com}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.progcovers.com/motor/f12001.html|title=2001 Formula 1 Programmes – The Motor Racing Programme Covers Project|first=Malcolm|last=Mitchell|website=www.progcovers.com}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.progcovers.com/motor/f12002.html|title=2002 Formula 1 Programmes – The Motor Racing Programme Covers Project|first=Malcolm|last=Mitchell|website=www.progcovers.com}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.progcovers.com/motor/f12010.html|title=2010 Formula 1 Programmes – The Motor Racing Programme Covers Project|first=Malcolm|last=Mitchell|website=www.progcovers.com}}

External links

{{commons category}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20120505151442/http://www.valenciastreetcircuit.com/en__index.html Formula 1 European Grand Prix in Valencia] Official website.
  • Nürburgring F1 statistics
{{Formula One races}}

5 : European Grand Prix|Formula One Grands Prix|Recurring sporting events established in 1923|Recurring sporting events established in 1983|Recurring sporting events disestablished in 2016
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