请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 SS City of Launceston
释义

  1. Ship history

     Sinking  Wreck site 

  2. References

  3. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image= StateLibQld 1 126107 City of Launceston (ship).jpgShip caption= Artist's impression of the City of Launceston sinking
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=Ship country= AustraliaUKGBI|civil}}Ship name= City of LauncestonShip namesake= Launceston, TasmaniaShip owner= Launceston & Melbourne Steamship Company[1]Ship operator=Ship registry=Launceston, Tasmania[1]Ship route=Ship ordered=Ship awarded=Ship builder= Blackwood & Gordon, Paisley[1]Ship original cost=£17,000[2]Ship yard number=55[1]Ship way number=Ship laid down=Ship launched=4 April 1863[1]Ship sponsor=Ship christened=Ship completed=Ship acquired=Ship maiden voyage=Ship in service=October 1863Ship out of service=Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit=Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship homeport=Ship identification=official number: 32240[1]Ship nickname=Ship honours=Ship fate=Sank after collision, 19 November 1865[1]Ship notes=Ship badge=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship class=Ship type= cargo and passenger ship[1]368}}
  • {{NRT|277}}[1]
Ship displacement=177|ft|2|in|abbr=on}}[3]24|ft|5|in|abbr=on}}[3]Ship height=Ship draught=11|ft|8|in|abbr=on}}[3]Ship hold depth=Ship decks=Ship deck clearance=Ship ramps=Ship ice class=Ship power=80|hp|0|abbr=on}} steam engine,[3] Single screw [4]Ship sail plan= Schooner-rigged on two mastsShip speed=Ship range=Ship endurance=Ship boats=Ship capacity= 188 passengers[5]Ship crew=Ship notes=
}}
SS City of Launceston was a {{GRT|368}} steamship operated by the Launceston and Melbourne Steam Navigation Company from 1863, which had an early role in colonial steam shipping as the forerunner of the modern Bass Strait ferry service between Tasmania and Victoria.[6] It was sunk in Port Phillip Bay after a collision with another ship on 19 November 1865.[4]

Ship history

The iron-hulled ship was built at the yard of Blackwood & Gordon in Paisley, Scotland, for the Launceston & Melbourne Steamship Company,[1] at a cost of £17,000,[2] and launched on 4 April 1863. At {{GRT|368|disp=long}} and {{Convert|177|ft|abbr=on}} long she was built to carry passengers and cargo, and was powered by an 80 nhp steam engine[1] as well as sails on two masts.[3]

The ship sailed from Glasgow on 6 June 1863, bound for Melbourne,[7] arriving there on 16 September.[8] Once at Melbourne, while undergoing an overhaul preparatory to her first commercial voyage, she was altered from a brig to a schooner rig.[9] As the flagship of the Launceston and Melbourne Steam Navigation Company, no expense was spared in her fitting-out.[5]

On 21 October 1863 the ship made a trial voyage from Launceston to George Town, with between 450 and 500 invited passengers aboard, who were lavishly entertained with free wines and refreshments, and music provided by the Volunteer Artillery brass band. The ship left launceston at 7.30 a.m. and made the crossing in 2¾ hours. At George Town the passengers went ashore to stroll around the town and on the beach, and were provided with sumptuous lunch before the ship set sail again at 3.30 p.m., arriving back at launceston by 6.00 p.m.[9]

For the following two years she carried passengers, mail and cargo across the Strait, without incident.[5]

Sinking

At 7.20 p.m. on 19 November 1865[6] the City of Launceston sailed from Port Melbourne[2] under the command of Captain William Thompson.[4] She carried a crew of 23, and 25 passengers, and a general cargo that included mail, luggage, drapery, brandy, port, rum, cigars, tea, boots, and sheepwash.[3] The evening was bright and cloudless,[4] the seas calm.[3]

The City of Launceston observed the SS Penola, inbound from Adelaide,[6] approaching head on while they were still five miles apart. According to the rules of the sea ships on converging courses were supposed to port their helm in order to pass each other safely. However, this did not happen and the two ships closed,[10] and at around 9.00 p.m.[6] Penola ran her bows squarely into City of Launceston{{'}}s starboard side.[11] As the Launceston began to sink all of the passengers and crew were transferred to the Penola,[6] which despite leaving her stem lodged in the hull of the Launceston was able to make port safely.[12]

Wreck site

A week or so after the collision divers recovered 56 mailboxes, one bag, one parcel, five passengers' boxes, and two cases of merchandise from the wreck.[2] An attempt was made to refloat the ship the following year, using "Maquay's patented lifting device", where canvas bags inflated by hydrogen gas produced by the reaction of zinc and sulphuric acid were attached to the ship. It was not successful.[6]

City of Launceston was rediscovered in 1980 by members of the Maritime Archaeology Association of Victoria, and became the first wreck to be listed and protected under the Historic Shipwrecks Act of 1981. The wreck sits upright in {{Convert|21|m|ft}} of water and is largely intact. Since 1997 she has been the subject of archaeological studies under the direction of Heritage Victoria's Maritime Heritage Unit.[6]

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite web |url= http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=14862 |title=SS City of Launceston |work=Clyde-built Ship Database |year=2012 |accessdate=12 November 2012}}
2. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |title=The Wrecked Steamer "City of Launceston" |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article38663747 |newspaper=Launceston Examiner |location=Launceston, Tasmania |date=28 November 1863 |page=4 |accessdate=12 November 2012 }}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite VHD shipwreck|124|SS City of Launceston}}
4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url= https://apps5a.ris.environment.gov.au/shipwreck/public/wreck/wreck.do;jsessionid=F35543E026C0F32A5907EDC5A2609E4F?key=6067&action=expandAll |title=City Of Launceston |work=Australian National Shipwreck Database |year=2012 |accessdate=12 November 2012}}
5. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://www.dpcd.vic.gov.au/heritage/heritage-tours-and-stories/heritage_stories/conservation-stories/ss-city-of-launceston-toilet |title=SS City of Launceston Toilet |work=Victoria Department of Planning and Community Development |year=2012 |accessdate=12 November 2012}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |url= http://www.dpcd.vic.gov.au/heritage/maritime/shipwrecks/shipwreck-stories/ss-city-of-launceston |title=SS City of Launceston (1863-1865) |work=Victoria Department of Planning and Community Development |year=2012 |accessdate=12 November 2012}}
7. ^{{cite news |title=Shipping News: Miscellaneous |url= http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article72193261 |newspaper=Cornwall Chronicle |location=Launceston, Tasmania |date=22 August 1863 |page=4 |accessdate=12 November 2012 }}
8. ^{{cite news |title=Shipping News: Melbourne |url= http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13084491 |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |location=Sydney, Australia |date=17 September 1863 |page=5 |accessdate=12 November 2012 }}
9. ^1 {{cite news |title=The "City of Launceston" |url= http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41463674 |newspaper=Launceston Examiner |location=Launceston, Tasmania |date=22 October 1863 |page=4 |accessdate=12 November 2012 }}
10. ^{{cite news |title=The "City of Launceston" |url= http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36638756 |newspaper=Launceston Examiner |location=Launceston, Tasmania |date=8 October 1866 |page=2 |accessdate=12 November 2012 }}
11. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.dpcd.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/36956/Public_access_report.pdf |title=City of Launceston Trial Public Access Program |first=Cassandra |last=Philippou |work=Maritime Heritage Unit, Heritage Victoria |date=January 2006 |accessdate=12 November 2012}}
12. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.agnesmilowka.com/index.php/2011-february/121-diving-city-launceston-shipwreck.html |title=Diving the City of Launceston shipwreck |first=Agnes |last=Milowka |work=agnesmilowka.com |date=1 February 2011 |accessdate=12 November 2012}}

External links

  • {{cite web |url= http://www.vsag.org.au/dfmaps/oper=ListLocations/map_id=2.html |title=Dive Sites Map |work=Victorian Sub-Aqua Group (VSAG) }}
{{1865 shipwrecks}}{{Coord|38|4|42|S|144|49|30|E|region:AU-VIC_type:event|display=title}}{{DEFAULTSORT:City of Launceston}}

7 : 1863 ships|Ships built on the River Clyde|Iron and steel steamships of Australia|Maritime incidents in 1865|Ships sunk in collisions|Shipwrecks of Victoria (Australia)|Victorian Heritage Register
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/11 8:30:47