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词条 SS Lake Illawarra
释义

  1. Ship details

  2. Collision and sinking

  3. Memorial

  4. References

  5. External links

{{short description|bulk ore carrier which collided with the Tasman Bridge in 1975}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2013}}{{Use Australian English|date=April 2018}}{{Infobox Ship Image
Ship image= Lake Illawarra (16023480318).jpgShip caption= SS Lake Illawarra
}}{{Infobox Ship Career		Hide header=Ship country=AustraliaAustralia|civil}}Ship name=Lake IllawarraShip namesake=Ship owner=Ship operator=Australian Coastal Shipping Commission (later renamed Australian National Line)Ship registry=Ship route=Ship ordered=Ship awarded=Ship builder=BHP at Whyalla, South AustraliaShip original cost=Ship yard number=Ship way number=Ship laid down=Ship launched=1958Ship sponsor=Ship christened=Ship completed=Ship acquired=Ship maiden voyage=Ship in service=Ship out of service=1975Ship homeport=Ship identification=Ship fate=Sank after colliding with Tasman Bridge, Hobart on 5 January 1975Ship notes=Ship badge=
}}{{Infobox Ship Characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship type=Steel bulk ore carrierShip tonnage=7,274 GT139.8|m|ft|abbr=on}}18|m|ft|abbr=on}}Ship draught=Ship power=Ship propulsion=Steam turbine12|kn|mph|abbr=on}}Ship range=Ship endurance=Ship capacity=Ship crew=Ship sensors=Ship notes=
}}

SS Lake Illawarra was a handysize bulk carrier of 7,274 tons in the service of the Australian National Line shipping company. This ship is known for causing the Tasman Bridge disaster when she collided with pylon 19 of Hobart's giant high concrete arch style Tasman Bridge on the evening of 5 January 1975 at 9.27 pm,[1][1][2] resulting in the deaths of 12 people.

Ship details

Lake Illawarra was built by the Broken Hill Proprietary Company (now BHP) in Whyalla, South Australia.[3] Her keel was laid in June 1956, and she was launched on 28 September 1957.[3] She was delivered from the shipyard on 28 March 1958.[3] Lake Illawarra measured 7,274 GT and 10,380 DWT, with a length of {{convert|139.8|m|ft}} and a beam of {{convert|18|m|ft}}.[3] She was powered by a steam turbine that drove a single propeller and gave her a speed of {{convert|12.5|kn|mph}}.[3]

Collision and sinking

{{main|Tasman Bridge disaster}}Lake Illawarra was loaded with zinc concentrate, for the Electrolytic Zinc Company (more recently known as Zinifex and OZ Minerals) refinery (now run by Nyrstar) at Risdon, about {{convert|3|nmi}} up the River Derwent from the bridge.[1]

Just before the impact, Captain Boleslaw Pelc realised as he passed Rosny Point that he was off course, and traveling too fast. He tried to correct the heading, but only managed to bring the bows too far to port (left) and was now heading for the western shore. He urgently counter-corrected, but could not make the opening. Realising he was headed for a collision, he ordered the engines full astern, but the torque from her propeller caused the ship to slide in a broadside movement. She smashed into the 18th and 19th pylons.[1]

The collision brought down the two support pylons and a {{convert|127|m|adj=on}} section of steel and concrete.[2] There was evening traffic on the bridge, and although no vehicles were on the section that fell, four cars drove off the gap, with five people killed.[2] Two cars stopped on the edge, their occupants able to escape.[2] The section of four-lane highway landed on the ship's deck, sinking her in {{Convert|35|m|ft}} of water to the south of the bridge. Seven of the ship's crew lost their lives in the accident.[1][2]

The ship and the debris pile were deemed unsafe to move; the ship's oil was pumped out, and the bow was removed at a later date.[1] The wreck is deep enough not to be a navigational hazard.[4]

The subsequent Court of Marine Inquiry found that Lake Illawarra was capable of passing beneath the bridge's central navigation span, but the captain instead attempted to pass through one of the eastern spans, due to a combination of strong tidal currents and inattention.[5][6] The Court found that Pelc had not handled Lake Illawarra in a proper and seamanlike manner, and suspended his master's certificate for six months.[5] A pilot service was introduced in response to the court's findings.[6]

{{clear left}}

Memorial

A memorial plague is dedicated to the SS Lake Illawarra at the Tasmanian Seafarers' Memorial at Triabunna on the east coast of Tasmania, approximately {{convert|80|km|mi}} north-east of Hobart.[7]

The plaque contains the following text:

S.S. "Lake Illawarra"
5.1.1975 on Derwent River, Hobart
7274 ton steam turbine bulk carrier
crew of 42, cargo 10,000 tons of zinc
collided with Tasman Bridge and sank
causing loss of 7 crew*, 5 motorists.
A.Campbell*, A.Robinson*, C.Maddigan*
L.Mendizabel*, T.Sheridan*, R.Rezek
J.Stokoe, A.Sward, P.Sward
Missing G.Kemp*, R.Turner*, Dr T.Jones
~[8]

References

1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/7a88395760718555ca256c32002417ba?OpenDocument |title=Feature Article – The Tasman bridge |work=1301.6 – Tasmanian Year Book, 2000 |publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics |date=13 September 2002 |accessdate=4 April 2007}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.ccc.tas.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=424 |title=Tasman Bridge disaster |publisher=Clarence City Council |accessdate=20 August 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829124838/http://www.ccc.tas.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=424 |archivedate=29 August 2007 |df= }}
3. ^1 2 3 4 {{csr|register=MSI|id=5202562|shipname=Lake Illawarra|accessdate=5 January 2019}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://ink.news.com.au/mercury/mathguys/articles/1995/951208a1.htm |title=SAFE For another 70 years |author=Steven Dally |publisher=The Mercury |date=8 December 1995 |accessdate=4 April 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070425210548/http://ink.news.com.au/mercury/mathguys/articles/1995/951208a1.htm |archivedate=25 April 2007 |df= }}
5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://oceans1.customer.netspace.net.au/tas-wrecks.html|title=Shipwrecks of Tasmania|accessdate=20 August 2007}}
6. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/a2139c958151bd18ca256d33000583c3?OpenDocument|title=Hobart, Tas: Bridge Collapse|publisher=Attorney General's Department-Emergency Management Australia|accessdate=20 August 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007110733/http://www.ema.gov.au/ema/emadisasters.nsf/c85916e930b93d50ca256d050020cb1f/a2139c958151bd18ca256d33000583c3?OpenDocument|archivedate=7 October 2007|df=dmy-all}}
7. ^{{cite web|title=Lake Illawarra (1975)|url=http://seafarersmemorial.org.au/memorials/vessels/illawarra.php|website=seafarersmemorial.org.au|publisher=Tasmanian Seafarers' Memorial|accessdate=26 February 2017}}
8. ^{{Cite sign |title=S.S. "Lake Illawarra" |type=Memorial plaque |publisher=Tasmanian Seafarers' Memorial |location=Triabunna, Tasmania}}

External links

  • Tasman Bridge Disaster page 1
{{1975 shipwrecks}}{{coord|42|51|52|S|147|20|45|E|type:landmark_region:AU|display=title}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lake Ilawarra}}

4 : Shipwrecks of Tasmania|Shipwrecks in rivers|Maritime incidents in 1975|1958 ships
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