| 词条 | SS Winnipeg | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HistoryAfter the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, Pablo Neruda noticed that many Spanish Republicans had fled in exile to France where they were detained in squalid camps in miserable conditions. The poet, who was then living in Chile, decided to organize their travel to Chile. He first worked as Chilean consul in Spain, before being named consul in Paris. The ship was an old French cargo ship which ordinarily could not take more than 2000 persons,[3] but it was adapted so it could carry the 2,200 refugees. Neruda actively worked in this endeavour, reuniting families separated by the war. Beside the assistance of his friends artists and writers, he was helped by his wife {{Interlanguage link multi|Delia del Carril|es}}. On the night when Winnipeg set sail, on 4 August 1939, in the port of Trompeloup - Pauillac, Pablo Neruda wrote: {{quote|Que la crítica borre toda mi poesía, si le parece.Pero este poema, que hoy recuerdo, no podrá borrarlo nadie.}} {{quote|The critics may erase all of my poetry, if they want.But this poem, that today I remember, nobody will be able to erase.}} Winnipeg arrived at the port of Valparaíso on 3 September 1939. On the following day, the Spanish Republicans were officially received by the Chilean authorities. Some of them had already landed, a few days before, in the port of Arica, in northern Chile. In a gesture of gratitude, the refugees attached to the ship's mast a large canvas with the face of the Chilean president painted on it. Most of the immigrants who landed in Chile stayed there. Among them were the historian Leopoldo Castedo, the typographer Mauricio Amster and the painters Roser Bru and José Balmes.[4] Victor Pey, who boarded the ship after being a prisoner of war in France, became one of the closest advisors to Salvador Allende.[5] SS Winnipeg remained under French flag after the fall of France in 1940 and sailed under orders of the Vichy government. She was captured on 26 May 1941 by the Dutch sloop {{HNLMS|Van Kinsbergen|1939|6}} in the Caribbean Sea and confiscated by the British government. She was eventually purchased by a Canadian company, Canadian Pacific Steamships, some months later and renamed Winnipeg II.[1] She was torpedoed and sunk by the {{GS|U-443}} on 22 October 1942 while en route from Liverpool to Saint John, New Brunswick. All people on board were rescued by the Canadian corvette {{HMCS|Morden}}.[6] See also
References1. ^1 SS Winnipeg 11 (+1942) wrecksite.eu 2. ^Winnipeg, el poema que cruzó el Atlántico {{es icon}} 3. ^SS Winnipeg 4. ^Spanish: "Nunca jamás, ni siquiera al final de mi vida voy a hacer lo suficiente por agradecer el hecho de estar en este país y de ser ciudadano chileno, gracias justamente a Pablo Neruda. Como alguien dijo alguna vez 'las deudas de amor no se terminan de pagar nunca' y esta es una gran deuda que yo tengo con él todavía". See Noticias de la rectoría de la Universidad de Chile {{es}} 5. ^{{cite news |title=Adiós a un histórico en un día emblemático: a los 103 años fallece Víctor Pey, dueño de El Clarín |url=http://www.elmostrador.cl/noticias/pais/2018/10/05/adios-a-un-historico-a-los-103-anos-fallece-victor-pey-dueno-de-el-clarin/ |accessdate=9 October 2018 |work=El Mostrador |date=5 October 2018}} 6. ^Winnipeg II: British Steam passenger ship Uboat.net External links
14 : Spanish Civil War|History of Chile|1939 in Chile|1939 in Spain|1918 ships|Ships built in France|Ships of France|Steamships of Canada|Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II|World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean|Maritime incidents in May 1941|Maritime incidents in October 1942|Ships of the Compagnie Générale Transatlantique|Spanish emigrants to Chile |
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