| 词条 | Stagonolepis |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = Carnian ~{{fossil range|221|206}} | image = Stagonolepis robertsoni.png | image_upright = 1.15 | image_caption = Skeletal restorations of S. robertsoni | taxon = Stagonolepis | authority = Agassiz 1844 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision =
}} Stagonolepis is an extinct genus of stagonolepidid aetosaur known from the Late Triassic (Carnian stage) Hassberge Formation of Germany, the Drawno Beds of Poland, the Lossiemouth Sandstone of England, the Chinle Formation of Arizona and Utah and the Bluewater Creek Formation of New Mexico. DescriptionStagonolepis robertsoni was about {{convert|3|m|ft|sigfig=1}} long. It was a quadrupedal animal covered in thick armoured scales that ran down the length of the its body. A slow-moving browser, it would have used this heavy body armour to repel attacks from contemporary thecodont carnivores. Stagonolepis had a very small head for its size; it was only {{convert|25|cm|in|sigfig=1}}, accounting for less than 10% of the total body length. It had no teeth in the front of its jaws, but instead had a beak-like tip that arched upwards. This would have allowed it to uproot plants in a similar manner to a modern pig. The peg-like teeth at the back of its mouth would have been suitable for chewing tough vegetation, including horsetails, ferns, and the newly evolved cycads.[1]SpeciesFossil remains of S. robertsoni have been found in Lossiemouth Sandstone of Scotland, while S. olenkae is known from deposits near Krasiejów, Poland. S. olenkae is stratigraphically younger the type species of Stagonolepis, S. robertsoni[2], although it is questioned by some researchers and described as an example of intraspecific variety (e. g. sexual dimorphism)[3] The genus Aetosauroides from South America has been considered a junior synonym of Stagonolepis by some paleontologists. Two species of Aetosauroides were named, A. scagliai and A. subsulcatus. In 2002, Andrew B. Heckert and Spencer G. Lucas proposed that smaller specimens of both species belong to Stagonolepis robertsoni, and larger specimens to S. wellesi.[4] S. wellesi itself was originally named Calyptosuchus, a stagonolepidid from the Late Triassic Dockum Group of the United States, which was considered to be a species of Stagonolepis by Murray & Long in 1989. However, most of the sequential studies conclude that both Aetosauroides and Calyptosuchus are valid and monotypic genera, the former occurs only in South America and the latter only in the United States. Stagonolepis is restricted to the Carnian stage of Scotland and Poland.[5][6][7][8] References1. ^{{Cite book|editor=Palmer, D.|year=1999 |title= The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals|publisher= Marshall Editions|location=London|page= 96|isbn= 978-1-84028-152-1}} {{Pseudosuchia|A.}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q133950}}{{Portal bar|Paleontology|Triassic|Prehistory of Europe|Prehistory of North America}}2. ^{{Cite journal |last=Sulej |first=Tomasz |year=2010 |title=The skull of an early Late Triassic aetosaur and the evolution of the stagonolepidid archosaurian reptiles |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=158 |issue=4 |pages=860–881 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00566.x}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Antczak|first=Mateusz|date=2015-05-22|title=Late Triassic aetosaur (Archosauria) from Krasiejów (SW Poland): new species or an example of individual variation?|journal=Geological Journal|language=en|volume=51|issue=5|pages=779–788|doi=10.1002/gj.2691|issn=0072-1050}} 4. ^{{cite journal |last=Heckert |first=A.B. |author2=Lucas, S.G. |year=2002 |title=South American occurrences of the Adamanian (Late Triassic: latest Carnian) index taxon Stagonolepis (Archosauria: Aetosauria) and their biochronological significance |journal=Journal of Paleontology |volume=76 |issue=5 |pages=852–863 |doi=10.1666/0022-3360(2002)076<0852:SAOOTA>2.0.CO;2}} 5. ^{{cite journal |last=Parker |first=William G. |year=2007 |title=Reassessment of the Aetosaur "Desmatosuchus" chamaensis with a reanalysis of the phylogeny of the Aetosauria (Archosauria:Pseudosuchia) |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |volume=5 |issue= |pages=41–68 |doi=10.1017/S1477201906001994 |url=http://www.miketaylor.org.uk/dino/nm/Parker2007-Heliocanthus.pdf }} 6. ^{{cite journal |last=Parker |first=W. G. |author2=Stocker, M. R. |author3= Irmis, R. B. |year=2008 |title=A new desmatosuchine aetosaur (Archosauria; Suchia) from the Upper Triassic Tecovas Formation (Dockum Group) of Texas |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=692–701 |doi=10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[692:ANDAAS]2.0.CO;2 |issn=0272-4634}} 7. ^{{cite journal |last=Desojo |first=J.B. |author2=Ezcurra, M.D. |year=2011 |title=A reappraisal of the taxonomic status of Aetosauroides (Archosauria, Aetosauria) specimens from the Late Triassic of South America and their proposed synonymy with Stagonolepis |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=596–609 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2011.572936}} 8. ^{{cite journal |author=Julia B. Desojo, Martin D. Ezcurra and Edio E. Kischlat |year=2012 |title=A new aetosaur genus (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from the early Late Triassic of southern Brazil |journal=Zootaxa |volume=3166 |pages=1–33 |issn=1175-5326 |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2012/f/z03166p033f.pdf }} 15 : Aetosaurs|Carnian life|Late Triassic reptiles of Europe|Triassic England|Fossils of England|Triassic Germany|Fossils of Germany|Fossils of Poland|Late Triassic reptiles of North America|Triassic United States|Fossils of the United States|Chinle fauna|Paleontology in New Mexico|Fossil taxa described in 1844|Taxa named by Louis Agassiz |
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