| 词条 | Standard Adding Machine Company |
| 释义 |
| name = Standard Adding Machine Building | nrhp_type = | image = Aquinas Institute of Theology.jpg | caption = The building of Standard Adding Machine Company was renovated, and is now the home of Aquinas Institute of Theology | location= 3701 Forest Park Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri | coordinates = {{coord|38|38|9|N|90|14|17|W|display=inline,title}} | locmapin = United States St. Louis#Missouri#USA | built = 1903 | architect = Hinchman, G.N. | architecture = Other, Industrial | added = November 25, 2005 | area = less than one acre | governing_body = Private | refnum = 05001328[1] }} Standard Adding Machine Company was founded in the early 1890s (first records are from 1892)[2][3][4] in Illinois and was the first company to (successfully)[5] release a 10-key adding machine. The machine was a breakthrough for its time because it dramatically modernized computing. Earlier key driven adding machines, like the comptometer, featured eight or more columns of nine keys, which made them cumbersome and costly and their operators prone to mistakes. The 10 keys were set on a single row. The invention won an international grand prize during the 1904 World's Fair and was heralded as a "modern life preserver" in an office journal. HistoryWilliam H. Hopkins, the inventor of the Standard Adding Machine, was a minister. When he moved to St. Louis in 1885 he served as chaplain and then pastor of St. Louis Second Christian Church. He continued to invent during those years and to find better ways to make an adding machine. In the 1890s, he left Second Christian Church and became assistant editor of the company that published The Christian Evangelist. William Hopkins filed his first patent on October 4, 1892. He registered the Hopkins Adding Machine Company in 1897,[6] and in 1899 his company changed name to Standard Adding Machine Company (Illinois company was bought off).[7][8] The Standard Adding Machine Company released the first 10-key adding machine in about 1900.[9] Hopkins' success led to competition. By 1915, other adding machine companies were vying for business. In 1916, Hopkins died, and his company began to decline. Standard Adding Machine closed in 1921. In the decades since, the building housed businesses such as St. Louis Pump & Equipment Co., Lee Paper Co., and most recently, Harrison-Williams Store Fixtures. Vacant since 2003, the building was renovated in 2005 by Aquinas Institute of Theology. RecognitionBecause of the historical significance of the adding machine, the Standard Adding Machine building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Notes1. ^{{NRISref|version=2010a}} 2. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=1892|title=Projected Illinois Business Corporations (Jan. 20.)|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/coo.31924087643122?urlappend=%3Bseq=254|journal=The National corporation reporter|publisher=United States Corporation Bureau, inc.|volume=3|issue=21|pages=414|via=HathiTrust}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/patents/US517383|title=Patent US517383|last=Hopkins|first=William|date=|website=Google Patents|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-09-09}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g7R3cU_jyKEC|title=The Age of Steel (Iron and machinery world)|last=|first=|date=1892|publisher=Journal of Commerce Company, Publishers and Proprietors|year=|isbn=|volume=71|location=|pages=16|language=en}} 5. ^There's indication that at least one person (William F. Gatewood) tried to do that earlier: [https://www.google.com/patents/US370777 patent] (1887), [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433024593893?urlappend=%3Bseq=528 advertisement] (1892). 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=1897|title=St. Louis and vicinity|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015086667147?urlappend=%3Bseq=486|journal=The Age of Steel (Iron and machinery world)|volume=LXXXI (81)|issue=17|pages=22|via=HathiTrust}} 7. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=1899|title=St. Louis and vicinity|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015086666826?urlappend=%3Bseq=1162|journal=The Age of Steel (Iron and machinery world)|volume=LXXXV (85)|issue=24|pages=24|via=HathiTrust}} 8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/christianevangel36unse#page/703/mode/1up/search/hopkins+Adding+Machine|title=Christian Evangelist|last=|first=|date=June 1899|publisher=Christian Publishing Co.|others=Disciples Divinity House of the University of Chicago|year=|isbn=|volume=LXXXVI (86)|location=|pages=703|chapter=Stockholder's Meeting|issue=22}} 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Iowa.|first=|date=1901|title=Treasurer of State. Statement of office furniture and stores|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/chi.096435528?urlappend=%3Bseq=77|journal=Report of the Executive Council of Iowa of expenses and disposition of fees and moneys collected by state officers and institutions ...|volume=|pages=71|via=HathiTrust}} External links
4 : Mechanical calculator companies|Defunct companies based in Missouri|National Register of Historic Places in St. Louis|Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri |
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