“Standardisierte Bewertung”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Standardisierte Bewertung

释义

Background
Goals
Process
Trivia
Sources

Standardisierte Bewertung is an evaluation scheme to determine cost-benefit ratios of public transport projects in Germany. The process is part of a legal process to obtain federal funds (up to 85%) within the GVFG ^[1] Law.

Background

Standardisierte Bewertung is based on the work of the traffic scientist Gerhard Heimerl in Stuttgart and the Munich based Intraplan Consult start of the 80is.^[2] Updates have been published in 2000 and 2006.

Goals

The result of Standi shall include all external effects of a planned project. The evaluation scheme tries to deliver a comparable evaluation of different projects to allow a just distribution of public funding. Besides the specific business case further measurable generic effects in society and economy have to be taken into account. Important as well is the comparison of a "With" and "Without" solution, so the effect of a continuation of the existing network will be compared to the effects of the planned project.

Process

Several steps are taken. First any project effect will scrutinized whether a measurable (cardinal) effect is to be found or not. The non-measurable effects will be summarized in an appendix as a D Indicator. Measurable effects are categorized as:

financial measurable
accountable into monetary values via established processes (travel time reduction, Pollution
not accountable but cardinally

This results in three variables

Beurteilungsindikator A
Beurteilungsindikator B
Beurteilungsindikator C

B is the decisive factor for the GVFG funding. It is a simple number showing the cost / effect ratio. Funding will only be given for projects with a ratio bigger than 1. The process has started as a private consultancy scheme and was rather quickly established as part of the legal process. However the Standi assessment is ordered from private companies and consultants^[3] as further example and gained international acknowledgement, e.g. to obtain Transport and Works Act Order Applications and state funding in GB.

^[4]

Trivia

For the Metrorapid and Munich Transrapid projects a Standi value of about 1.5 has been elaborated. However this was executed with a modified process which included enhanced German export successes, less traffic jams and enhanced international relationships.^[5] Based on the standard procedure for railway projects, the result would have been around 0.8 (not sufficient for funding). The critical assessment of the Bundesrechnungshof was not accepted by the Bundesverkehrsministerium.^[6]
A use of an adapted scheme for a Tram-train project in Bristol is mentioned in ^[7]
In Karlsruhe, dubbed the Mecca of Tram-train (with values of 2.5 for several projects) Standi is as a household term explained in the local Stadtwiki (in German)

Sources

1. ^GVFG as published by the Bundestag 26. März 1996
2. ^Intraplan Consult GmbH
3. ^Drees & Sommer official website
4. ^Reference Sheet of Intraplan
5. ^2005 Dresden Transrapid Standi Conference paper ... S.13 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612133902/http://www.hochleistungsbahnen.tu-dresden.de/fachtagung_tr/trt5/05_trt5_vortrag5.pdf |date=2007-06-12 }}
6. ^Rechenkünstler Mehdorn ("Accounting Acrobat" Mehdorn)
7. ^Karlsruhe Consultancy TTK

2 : Public transport in Germany|German law

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