“Stanisław Stroński”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Stanisław Stroński (1882 – 1955) was a Polish philologist, publicist and politician (a National Democracy Sejm deputy). In interwar Poland he edited the Rzeczpospolita newspaper and was a professor at Kraków's Jagiellonian University and at the Catholic University of Lublin. During World War II he was a member of the Polish government in exile, serving as information minister.^[1] At war's end, he remained abroad.

An outspoken antisemite, Stroński had recent and well documented Jewish roots. Jewish members of the Sejm frequently mentioned his Jewish ancestry when attacking him in speeches.^[2]

He was a vocal prewar opponent of Poland's first president, Gabriel Narutowicz, and of Marshal Józef Piłsudski. Following Narutowicz's election, Stroński wrote that he "puts himself forward as a representative of the Polish state thanks to the Jewish-German-Ukrainian vote".^[3] Following Narutowicz's murder, Stroński who had just a few days earlier called him a "their [the Jews] President", wrote that the murdered president belonged to the "whole nation".^[4]

It was Stroński who coined the expression, "Miracle at the Vistula," intended to derogate Piłsudski's 1920 victory over the Soviets.^[5] Ironically, the expression quickly lost its intended meaning and was adopted with approval by some patriotically- or piously-minded Poles unaware of Stroński's ironic intent.^[6]

His academic interests centered on the medieval Occitan literature, especially about the Troubadours. In this field he is reputed as one of the most important scholars of the 20th century.^[7]

References

1. ^Engel, David. "The frustrated alliance: The revisionist movement and the Polish government‐in‐exile, 1939–1945." Studies in Zionism 7.1 (1986): 11-36.
2. ^[https://books.google.co.il/books?id=BzsSDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA150&dq=%22Stanis%C5%82aw+Stro%C5%84ski%22+outspoken+antisemites&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi9yK7uuprhAhVKcZoKHfXbAUkQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=%22Stanis%C5%82aw%20Stro%C5%84ski%22%20outspoken%20antisemites&f=false Primed for Violence: Murder, Antisemitism, and Democratic Politics in Interwar Poland], University of Wisconsin Press, Paul Brykczynski, page 150
3. ^[https://books.google.co.il/books?id=M6LrdG7GRfkC&pg=PA77&dq=%22Stanis%C5%82aw+Stro%C5%84ski%22+Narutowicz&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjN4o3mu5rhAhUoyaYKHb-ECyYQ6AEILDAA#v=onepage&q=%22Stanis%C5%82aw%20Stro%C5%84ski%22%20Narutowicz&f=false In Search of Lost Meaning: The New Eastern Europe], University of California press, Adam Michnik, page 77
4. ^[https://books.google.co.il/books?id=BzsSDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA107&dq=%22Stanis%C5%82aw+Stro%C5%84ski%22++%22the+Jews%22+%22entire+nation%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiHkPv0vJrhAhWnPOwKHb6oDswQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=%22Stanis%C5%82aw%20Stro%C5%84ski%22%20%20%22the%20Jews%22%20%22entire%20nation%22&f=false Primed for Violence: Murder, Antisemitism, and Democratic Politics in Interwar Poland], University of Wisconsin Press, Paul Brykczynski, page 107
5. ^{{cite journal|last=Frątczak|first=Sławomir Z.|language=Polish|url=http://glos.com.pl/Archiwum_nowe/Rok%202005/032/strona/Cud.html |journal=Głos|issue=32/2005|year=2005|title=Cud nad Wisłą|accessdate=September 3, 2017|format= – ^{[https://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=author%3AFr%C4%85tczak+intitle%3ACud+nad+Wis%C5%82%C4%85&as_publication=%5B%5BG%C5%82os%5D%5D&as_ylo=2005&as_yhi=2005&btnG=Search Scholar search]} }}
6. ^{{pl icon}} Janusz Szczepański, Kontrowersje wokół Bitwy Warszawskiej 1920 roku {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514000000/http://www.mowiawieki.pl/artykul.html?id_artykul=404 |date=May 14, 2008 }} (Controversies surrounding the Battle of Warsaw in 1920). Mówią Wieki, online version.
7. ^S. Stroński, Le Troubadour Elias de Barjols, Toulouse, Privat, 1906; S. Stroński, Le Troubadour Folquet de Marseille, Cracovie, Académie des Sciences-Éditions du Fonds Osławski 1910; S. Stroński, La Légende amoureuse de Bertran de Born, Paris, Champion, 1914.