| 词条 | Stanley G. Payne |
| 释义 |
WorkKnown for his typological description of fascism, Payne is a specialist in the Spanish fascist movement and has also produced comparative analyses of Western European fascism. He asserts that there were some specific ways in which National Socialism paralleled Russian communism to a much greater degree than Fascism was capable of doing. Payne does not propound the theory of "red fascism" or the notion that communism and National Socialism are essentially the same. He states that National Socialism more nearly paralleled Russian communism than any other noncommunist system has.[2][3] In the 1960s, his books were published in Spanish by Éditions Ruedo ibérico (ERi), a publishing company set up by Spanish Republican exiles in Paris, France, to publish works forbidden in Spain by the Francoist government ruling the country at the time. His position regarding the Spanish Civil War has been that of shedding light on the conflict's origin and addressing its related myths and as a result by some historians he is considered a revisionist.[4] One of his more famous books is Spanish Civil War, The Soviet Union and Communism, which analyzes Joseph Stalin and the Soviet government's intervention in Spain. He also wrote The Franco Regime, The Spanish Civil War and A History of Fascism 1914-1945. Payne uses a lengthy itemized list of characteristics to identify fascism, including the creation of an authoritarian state; a regulated, state-integrated economic sector; fascist symbolism; anti-liberalism; anti-communism, and anti-conservatism.[5] He sees elimination of the autonomy or, in some cases, complete existence of large-scale capitalism as the common aim of all fascist movements.[6] EducationPayne received his bachelor's degree from Pacific Union College in 1955. He went on to earn a masters from Claremont Graduate School and University Center in 1957 and a doctorate (Ph.D.) from Columbia University in 1960. Books{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}
References1. ^Curriculum vitae and photo at [https://history.wisc.edu/emeriti_sp.htm Department of History, University of Wisconsin–Madison] 2. ^The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right. Routledge. 2002. p.67 3. ^Stanley G. Payne. Fascism: Comparison and Definition. University of Wisconsin Press. 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-299-08064-8}}. p.102-104 4. ^Angel Viñas (ed.), Sin respeto por la historia [extraordinary issue of Hispania Nova] 2015 5. ^Payne, Stanley (1980). Fascism: Comparison and Definition. University of Wisconsin Press, p.7 6. ^Payne, Stanley (1996). A History of Fascism. Routledge. {{ISBN|1-85728-595-6}} p.10 External links{{wikiquote}}
13 : 1934 births|Living people|People from Denton, Texas|Pacific Union College alumni|Claremont Graduate University alumni|Columbia University alumni|21st-century American historians|Historians of fascism|University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty|American Hispanists|Historians of Spain|Scholars of the Spanish Civil War|Guggenheim Fellows |
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