| 释义 |
- Education
- Research interests
- Research contributions
- Honors
- Books authored
- See also
- References
- External links
{{BLP sources|date=February 2013}}{{Infobox scientist
| name = Stanley Joel Osher
| image = Stanley Osher.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Osher in 1968
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|04|24}}
| birth_place = Brooklyn, New York, United States
| nationality = American
| doctoral_advisor = Jacob Schwartz
| doctoral_students = Ron Fedkiw
Chi-Wang Shu
| postdoctoral_students = Dr. Wu-chen Li
| known_for = Level-set method
Shock-capturing methods
image processing
L1/TV methods
Bregman method
| field = Applied mathematics
| work_institutions = UCLA, SUNY, Stony Brook, UC Berkeley
| prizes =
}}Stanley Osher (born April 24, 1942) is an American mathematician, known for his many contributions in shock capturing, level-set methods, and PDE-based methods in computer vision and image processing. Osher is a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Director of Special Projects in the Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics (IPAM) and member of the California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI) at UCLA. He has a daughter, Kathryn, and a son, Joel. Education- B.S., Brooklyn College, 1962
- M.S., New York University, 1964
- Ph.D., New York University, 1966
Research interests- Level-set methods for computing moving fronts
- Approximation methods for hyperbolic conservation laws and Hamilton–Jacobi equations
- Total variation (TV) and other PDE-based image processing techniques
- Scientific computing
- Applied partial differential equations
- L1/TV based convex optimization
Osher is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher.[1] Research contributionsOsher was the inventor (or co-inventor) and developer of many highly successful numerical methods for computational physics, image processing and other fields, including: - High resolution numerical schemes to compute flows having shocks and steep gradients, including ENO (essentially non-oscillatory) schemes (with Harten, Chakravarthy, Engquist, Shu), WENO (weighted ENO) schemes (with Liu and Chan), the Osher scheme, the Engquist-Osher scheme, and the Hamilton–Jacobi versions of these methods. These methods have been widely used in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and related fields.
- Total variation (TV)-based image restoration (with Rudin and Fatemi) and shock filters (with Rudin). These are pioneering - and widely used - methods for PDE based image processing and have also been used for inverse problems.
- Level-set method (with Sethian) for capturing moving interfaces, which has been phenomenally successful as a key tool in PDE based image processing and computer vision, as well as applications in differential geometry, image segmentation, inverse problems, optimal design, Two-phase flow, crystal growth, deposition and etching.
- Bregman iteration and augmented Lagrangian type methods for L1 and L1-related optimization problems which are fundamental to the fields of compressed sensing, matrix completion, robust principal component analysis, etc.
- Overcoming the curse of dimensionality for Hamilton–Jacobi equations arising in control theory and differential games.
Osher has founded (or co-founded) three successful companies: - Cognitech (with Rudin)
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110202102126/http://levelset.com/system/html/index.php Level Set Systems]
- Luminescent Technologies (with Yablonovitch)
Osher has been a thesis advisor for at least 53 PhD students, with 188 descendants, as well as postdoctoral adviser and collaborator for many applied mathematicians. His Ph.D. students have been evenly distributed among academia and industry and labs, most of them are involved in applying mathematical and computational tools to industrial or scientific application areas. Honors- National Academy of Engineering (NAE), 2018
- William Benter Prize in Applied Mathematics, 2016.[2]
- Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize, 2014.
- John von Neumann Lecture prize from SIAM, 2013.[3]
- Fellow of the American Mathematical Society, 2013.[4]
- Plenary speaker, International Congress of Mathematicians, 2010[5]
- American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2009
- Fellow, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM), 2009 [6]
- Honorary Doctoral Degree, Hong Kong Baptist University, 2009
- International Cooperation Award, International Congress of Chinese Mathematicians, 2007
- Computational and Applied Sciences Award, United States Association for Computational Mechanics, 2007
- Docteur Honoris Causa, ENS Cachan, France 2006
- National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 2005
- SIAM Kleinman Prize, 2005 [7]
- ICIAM Pioneer Prize, 2003 [8]
- Computational Mechanics Award, Japan Society of Mechanical Engineering, 2002
- NASA Public Service Group Achievement Award, 1992
- US-Israel BSF Fellow, 1986
- SERC Fellowship (England), 1982
- Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, 1972–1974 [9]
- Fulbright Fellow, 1971 [10]
Books authored - S. Osher and R. Fedkiw, Level Set Methods and Dynamic Implicit Surfaces, Springer-Verlag, New York (2002).
- S. Osher and N. Paragios, Geometric Level Set Methods in Imaging, Vision and Graphics, Springer-Verlag, New York (2003).
- R. Glowinski, S. Osher and W. Yin, Splitting Methods in Communication, Imaging, Science and Engineering, Springer-Verlag, New York (2017)
See also - James Sethian, co-developer of level-set methods.
References1. ^{{Citation |author = Thomson ISI |title = Osher, Stanley, ISI Highly Cited Researchers |url = http://hcr3.isiknowledge.com/author.cgi?&link1=Browse&link2=Results&id=1337 |accessdate = 2009-06-20 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060518071446/http://hcr3.isiknowledge.com/author.cgi?&link1=Browse&link2=Results&id=1337 |archivedate = 2006-05-18 |df = }}
2. ^
3. ^
4. ^List of Fellows of the American Mathematical Society, retrieved 2013-03-20.
5. ^{{cite web|title=ICM Plenary and Invited Speakers since 1897|url=http://www.mathunion.org/db/ICM/Speakers/SortedByCongress.php|publisher=International Congress of Mathematicians}}
6. ^
7. ^
8. ^{{cite web|title=ICM Plenary and Invited Speakers since 1897|url=http://www.mathunion.org/db/ICM/Speakers/SortedByCongress.php|publisher=International Congress of Mathematicians}}
9. ^
10. ^
External links- Osher's home page at UCLA
- {{MathGenealogy|id=11645}}
{{John von Neumann Lecturers}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Osher, Stanley}} 15 : 20th-century American mathematicians|21st-century American mathematicians|Computational fluid dynamicists|Jewish American scientists|1942 births|Living people|University of California, Los Angeles faculty|Numerical analysts|Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences alumni|ISI highly cited researchers|Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics|Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences|Fellows of the American Mathematical Society|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|Scientific computing researchers |