词条 | Supreme Court of Ghana | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
The Supreme Court of Ghana is the highest judicial body in Ghana.[1] Ghana's 1992 constitution guarantees the independence and separation of the Judiciary from the Legislative and the Executive arms of government.[2] HistoryThe Supreme Court was established by the Supreme Court Ordinance (1876) as the highest tribunal in the Gold Coast (now Ghana) during the colonial era.[3] Appeals from the Supreme Court went to the West African Court of Appeals (WACA) established in 1866. Ghana withdrew from WACA following independence.[4] After the military coup d'état of February 24, 1966, the National Liberation Council (NLC), by the Courts Decree, 1966 (NLCD.84) abolished the Supreme Court and vested judicial power in two sets of courts: the Superior Court of Judicature and the inferior Courts.[5] This was reversed by Article 102(4) of the 1969 constitution establishing the second republic.[6] After the coup on January 13, 1972, the Supreme Court was again abolished by the National Redemption Council with the reason that the 1969 constitution had been suspended and so there was no need for a court to "interpret and enforce it". Its functions were transferred to the Court of Appeal.[4] This was again reverted by the 1979 constitution when the third republic was established on September 24, 1979.[7] The Supreme Court was left intact after the December 31, 1981 coup by the Provisional National Defence Council, though it made changes to the court system by introducing public tribunals.[7] On July 2, 2013 the Supreme Court sentenced the editor-in-chief of the Daily Searchlight newspaper, Ken Kuranchie, to 10 days in prison for calling the 9 Justices hypocritical and selective. Current statusThe 1992 constitution stipulates that the Supreme court is made up of the Chief Justice and not less than nine other Justices of the Supreme Court.[8] The Chief Justice is appointed by the President of Ghana acting in consultation with the Council of State and with the approval of the country's Parliament.[9] The other Supreme Court Justices are appointed by the President acting on the advice of the Judicial Council and in consultation with the Council of State. This must also be with the approval of Parliament.[10] The 1992 Constitution abolished all the public tribunals established under the PNDC and created the Regional Tribunal whose chairman was equated with the High Court judge.[7] Justices of the Supreme CourtThe following is a list of the judges of the Supreme Court.[11][12] In July 2018, President Nana Akufo-Addo appointed four new judges to the Supreme Court. They were Samuel K. Marful-Sau and Agnes M.A Dordzie, both Justices of the Appeal Court, Nii Ashie Kotey, a former Dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Ghana and Nene A. O. Amegatcher, a lawyer in private practice who also a former president of the Ghana Bar Association.[13] One of the longest serving judges of the Court, William Atuguba retired in the same month. He had been on the Supreme Court after being nominated by Jerry Rawlings in November 1995[14][15] until July 2018.[16]
List of Chief Justices of the Supreme CourtSince its inception in 1876, the Supreme Court has had 23 Chief Justices.[49]
See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.acclawyers.org/resources/ghana/ |title=Ghanaian criminal court system |publisher=Association of Commonwealth Criminal Lawyers |date= |accessdate=2011-01-28 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130112080043/http://www.acclawyers.org/resources/ghana/ |archive-date=2013-01-12 |dead-url=no |df= }} 2. ^1992 Constitution Article 125(1). "Justice emanates from the people and shall be administered in the name of the Republic by the Judiciary which shall be independent and subject only to this Constitution." 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/before_indp/page_2.htm |title=Historical Development of the Courts before Independence – The Supreme Court Ordinance, 1876 |accessdate=2007-03-26 |pages=2 |work=Official Website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006085801/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/before_indp/page_2.htm |archivedate=October 6, 2007 }} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/summary/home.htm |title=History – Summary |accessdate=2007-03-26 |work=Official Website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070213072210/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/summary/home.htm |archivedate = 2007-02-13}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/after_indp/home.htm |title=Historical Development of the Courts after Independence |accessdate=2007-03-26 |pages=1 |work=Official Website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006085839/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/after_indp/home.htm |archivedate=October 6, 2007 }} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/after_indp/page_2.htm |title=Historical Development of the Courts after Independence |accessdate=2007-03-26 |pages=2 |work=Official Website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006085810/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/after_indp/page_2.htm |archivedate=October 6, 2007 }} 7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/after_indp/page_3.htm |title=Historical Development of the Courts After Independence |accessdate=2007-03-26 |pages=3 |work=Official Website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006085846/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/after_indp/page_3.htm |archivedate=October 6, 2007 }} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ghanareview.com/parlia/Gconst11.html |title=1992 Constitution:Article 128(1) |publisher=Ghana Review International |quote=The Supreme court shall consist of the Chief Justice and not less than nine other Justices of the Supreme Court. |access-date=2007-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070401000904/http://www.ghanareview.com/parlia/Gconst11.html |archive-date=2007-04-01 |dead-url=no |df= }} 9. ^Ghana Constitution:Article 144 clause 1 "The Chief Justice shall be appointed by the President acting in consultation with the Council of State and with the approval of Parliament." 10. ^1992 Constitution:Article 144 clause 2 "The other Supreme Court Justices shall be appointed by the President acting on the advice of the Judicial Council, in consultation with the Council of State and with the approval of Parliament." 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=14&Itemid=35 |title=List of Judges of the Superior Court of Judicature |accessdate=2013-01-10 |work=Official Website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018123739/http://www.judicial.gov.gh//index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=14&Itemid=35 |archive-date=2012-10-18 |dead-url=no |df= }} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ghanadistricts.com/home/?_=42&sa=3640&ssa=260&PHPSESSID=4bd2cccf47f78c4d1705988ea58acd87 |title=The Judiciary – Justice of the Supreme aCourt |accessdate=2007-04-19 |work=Ghana local government website |publisher=Min. of Local Govt., Rural Dev. & Environment & Maks Publications & Media Services |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010051031/http://www.ghanadistricts.com/home/?_=42&sa=3640&ssa=260&PHPSESSID=4bd2cccf47f78c4d1705988ea58acd87 |archive-date=2007-10-10 |dead-url=no |df= }} 13. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |title=Akufo-Addo appoints 4 new Supreme Court Justices |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Akufo-Addo-appoints-4-new-Supreme-Court-Justices-665443 |website=GhanaWeb.com |publisher=GhanaWeb |accessdate=27 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828035558/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Akufo-Addo-appoints-4-new-Supreme-Court-Justices-665443 |archive-date=2018-08-28 |dead-url=no |df= }} 14. ^1 {{cite web|title=Atuguba was an NPP parliamentary candidate in 1992 - Gabby reveals|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Atuguba-was-an-NPP-parliamentary-candidate-in-1992-Gabby-reveals-285043|website=Ghanaweb.com|publisher=Ghanaweb|accessdate=21 June 2017|date=7 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805182629/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Atuguba-was-an-NPP-parliamentary-candidate-in-1992-Gabby-reveals-285043|archive-date=2017-08-05|dead-url=no|df=}} 15. ^1 {{cite web|title=Supreme Court adjourns ruling in Minority leader's case|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=3912|website=Ghanaweb|publisher=Ghanaweb|accessdate=21 June 2017|date=14 May 1998|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828134250/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=3912|archive-date=2018-08-28|dead-url=no|df=}} 16. ^1 {{cite web |title=Justice William Atuguba retires after 44 years as a judge |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Justice-William-Atuguba-retires-after-44-years-as-a-judge-665478 |website=GhanaWeb.com |publisher=GhanaWeb |accessdate=27 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828035711/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Justice-William-Atuguba-retires-after-44-years-as-a-judge-665478 |archive-date=2018-08-28 |dead-url=no |df= }} 17. ^{{cite web|title=The Republic of Ghana Judiciary|url=https://judicial.gov.gh/index.php/supreme-court-judges|website=Official website|publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana|accessdate=21 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161115205137/https://judicial.gov.gh/index.php/supreme-court-judges|archive-date=2016-11-15|dead-url=no|df=}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=Judiciary will use technology for quality justice - Justice Sophia Akuffo|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Judiciary-will-use-technology-for-quality-justice-Justice-Sophia-Akuffo-549940|website=Ghanaweb|publisher=Ghanaweb|accessdate=21 June 2017|date=19 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622092541/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Judiciary-will-use-technology-for-quality-justice-Justice-Sophia-Akuffo-549940|archive-date=2017-06-22|dead-url=no|df=}} 19. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=60888 |publisher=Ghana Home Page |title=3 Judges nominated to Supreme Court |access-date=2013-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505231507/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=60888 |archive-date=2014-05-05 |dead-url=no |df= }} 20. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/archives/judges%20sworn%20in/home.htm |title=Two new Supreme Court Judges sworn in |accessdate=2007-06-01 |work=Official website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070701083528/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/archives/judges%20sworn%20in/home.htm |archivedate = 2007-07-01}} 21. ^1 {{cite web|title=New Justices Get Approval|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/246637/1/new-justices-get-approval.html|website=Modern Ghana.com|publisher=Modern Ghana|accessdate=10 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615144432/http://www.modernghana.com/news/246637/1/new-justices-get-approval.html|archive-date=2013-06-15|dead-url=no|df=}} 22. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://graphic.com.gh/General-News/two-supreme-court-judges-sworn-in.html |title=Two Supreme Court Judges sworn in |publisher=Daily Graphic |access-date=2013-01-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902085404/http://graphic.com.gh/General-News/two-supreme-court-judges-sworn-in.html |archive-date=2013-09-02 |dead-url=no |df= }} 23. ^1 {{cite web|title=Mahama swears in two Supreme Court Judges|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Mahama-swears-in-two-Supreme-Court-Judges-365331|website=Ghanaweb.com|publisher=Ghanaweb|accessdate=21 June 2017|date=29 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102120443/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Mahama-swears-in-two-Supreme-Court-Judges-365331|archive-date=2016-01-02|dead-url=no|df=}} 24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/republic/supreme_court.php |title=Supreme Court of Ghana – Members of Supreme Court (2005) |accessdate=2007-03-26 |year=2005 |publisher=Ghana Home Page |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070309194428/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/republic/supreme_court.php |archive-date=2007-03-09 |dead-url=no |df= }} 25. ^{{cite book |last=Amissah |first=A. N. E |date=1981 |title=The contribution of the courts to government: a West African view}} 26. ^{{cite journal |title=The Legon Observer, Volume 1 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=xQYOAQAAMAAJ&dq=akainyah+supreme+court&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=akainyah |publisher= Legon Society on National Affairs |page=4 |date=1966}} 27. ^{{cite journal |title=West Africa, Issues 3725-3749 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=LLhWAAAAYAAJ&dq=akainyah+supreme+court&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Bossman |publisher=Afrimedia International |page=404 |date=1989}} 28. ^{{cite journal |title=West Africa, Issues 3725-3749 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=LLhWAAAAYAAJ&dq=akainyah+supreme+court&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Blay |publisher=Afrimedia International |page=404 |date=1989}} 29. ^{{cite news |last=Ohene |first=Elizabeth |date=1980-02-12 |title=FINAL FUNERAL RITES |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=SltGX3hhbmMC&pg=PP12&dq=robert+samuel+blay+born+supreme+court&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjU2NmKzureAhXJDcAKHaKgDcMQ6AEIGjAA |work=Daily Graphic |access-date=2018-11-23}} 30. ^{{cite journal |title=Gold Coast Gazette, Part 1 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=wD-1RBFwqqcC&q=acolatse+supreme+court&dq=acolatse+supreme+court&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwix7_Lp-ejeAhWqLcAKHRguBVAQ6AEIRDAJ |publisher=Government Print Office |page=371 |date=1956}} 31. ^{{cite journal |title=West Africa Annual, Issue 8 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=nRBBAQAAIAAJ&dq=william+Bruce-Lyle+supreme+court&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Bruce-Lyle |publisher=James Clarke |page=83 |date=1965}} 32. ^{{cite journal |title=Ghana Bar Bulletin, Volume 1 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=5FsvAQAAIAAJ&dq=francois+supreme+court+of+ghana&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=francois |page=141 |date=1988}} 33. ^{{cite journal |title=Ghana Bar Bulletin, Volume 1 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=5FsvAQAAIAAJ&dq=francois+supreme+court+of+ghana&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Taylor |page=142 |date=1988}} 34. ^{{cite journal |title=The Supreme Court of Ghana Law Reports, Volume 1 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=jvlQAQAAMAAJ&dq=bentsi+enchill+supreme+court+of+ghana&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=bentsi |publisher=Advanced Legal Publications |page=540 |date=2011}} 35. ^{{cite journal |title=Ghana News, Volumes 8-12 |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=XAwbx_PKGxsC&dq=p+d+anim+supreme+court&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=p+d+anim |publisher=Washington, D.C. : Embassy of Ghana |page=2 |date=1979}} 36. ^{{cite journal |title=Annual Survey of African Law |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=QnxRAQAAIAAJ&dq=koi+larbi+supreme+court&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=koi+larbi |publisher=London, Rex Collings |page=15 |date=1970}} 37. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=12230 |title=Rawlings swears in two Supreme Court judges |accessdate=2007-07-31 |work=General News of Wednesday, 29 November 2000 |publisher=Ghana Home Page |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070804174400/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=12230 |archive-date=2007-08-04 |dead-url=no |df= }} 38. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.graphicghana.info/article.asp?artid=16143 |title=graphicghana.info |access-date=2007-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718164751/http://www.graphicghana.info/article.asp?artid=16143 |archive-date=2011-07-18 |dead-url=no |df= }} 39. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/news/death%20of%20cj.htm |title=Death of the Chief Justice of Ghana |accessdate=2007-04-13 |work=Official Website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206183521/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/news/death%20of%20cj.htm |archivedate=2012-02-06 |df= }} 40. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/prof-justice-date-bah-retires-with-honour.html}} 41. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=125662 |title=Kpegah urges new Chief Justice to unite judges |accessdate=2007-06-16 |work=General News of Friday, 15 June 2007 |publisher=Ghana Home Page |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927195828/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=125662 |archive-date=2007-09-27 |dead-url=no |df= }} 42. ^{{cite web|title=Akufo-Addo swears in Georgina Wood to Council of State|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Akufo-Addo-swears-in-Georgina-Wood-to-Council-of-State-550389|website=Ghanaweb|publisher=Ghanaweb|accessdate=21 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622221010/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Akufo-Addo-swears-in-Georgina-Wood-to-Council-of-State-550389|archive-date=2017-06-22|dead-url=no|df=}} 43. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=145184 |title=Four new Supreme Court Judges Sworn In |accessdate=2008-06-12 |work=General News of Wednesday, 11 June 2008 |publisher=Ghana Home Page |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080614221833/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=145184 |archive-date=2008-06-14 |dead-url=no |df= }} 44. ^{{cite web |title=SC Justice Rose Constance Owusu retires |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/SC-Justice-Rose-Constance-Owusu-retires-319656 |website=GhanaWeb.com |publisher=Ghana Webq |accessdate=27 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828035656/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/SC-Justice-Rose-Constance-Owusu-retires-319656 |archive-date=2018-08-28 |dead-url=no |df= }} 45. ^{{cite web |last1=Hawkson |first1=Emmanuel Ebo |title=Judicial Service honours Justice Akamba |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/judicial-service-honours-justice-akamba.html |website=Daily Graphic Online |publisher=Graphic Communication Group Limited |accessdate=27 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828035652/https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/judicial-service-honours-justice-akamba.html |archive-date=2018-08-28 |dead-url=no |df= }} 46. ^{{cite web |last1=De-Graft Johnson |first1=Jeffrey |title=Akamba Bows Out |url=http://dailyguideafrica.com/akamba-bows-out/ |website=DailyGuideAfrica.com |publisher=Daily Guide Africa |accessdate=27 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828001813/http://dailyguideafrica.com/akamba-bows-out/ |archive-date=2018-08-28 |dead-url=no |df= }} 47. ^{{cite book |last=Asamoah |first=Obed |authorlink=Obed Asamoah |date=2014 |title=The Political History of Ghana (1950-2013): The Experience of a Non-Conformist}} 48. ^{{cite news |last=Aryeh |first=Elvis |date=2002-05-07 |title=Perpetrators will face the law |url=https://books.google.com.gh/books?id=utxmAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA1&lpg=PA1&dq=isaac+wuaku&source=bl&ots=07BZSTxaEV&sig=NjLbSSpIOpyj0276Pd7od4CJUfs&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiagt6ExJ_fAhUxM-wKHQtjA-MQ6AEwAnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=isaac%20wuaku&f=false |work=Daily Graphic |access-date=2018-12-14}} 49. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/list%20of%20judicial%20officials/list%20of%20CJ.htm |title=List of Chief Justices |accessdate=2016-09-01 |work=Official Website |publisher=Judicial Service of Ghana |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080622122515/http://www.judicial.gov.gh/history/list%20of%20judicial%20officials/list%20of%20CJ.htm |archivedate = 2008-06-22 |deadurl=yes}} 50. ^{{cite book|title=Biographical Register of Christ's College, 1505–1905 |volume=2. 1666–1905 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6F83BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA611 |first=John |last=Peile |page=611 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-107-42606-1}} 51. ^The Supreme Court was left intact under this military regime. See note 5. External links
3 : National supreme courts|Judiciary of Ghana|Justices of the Supreme Court of Ghana |
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