释义 |
- In general
- Albania
- Argentina
- Austria
- Belgium
- Bulgaria
- China
- Croatia
- Cuba
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Egypt
- Estonia
- Faroe Islands
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- Iraq
- Israel and Palestine
- Italy
- Latvia
- Lebanon
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Mexico
- Morocco
- The Netherlands
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Republic of Ireland
- Romania
- Russia
- Saudi Arabia
- Slovakia
- South Africa
- Spain
- Switzerland
- Syria
- Turkey
- Ukraine
- United Kingdom
- United States of America
- See also
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}Below is list of Swedish language exonyms for places in non-Swedish-speaking areas of the world. Older Swedish forms, which are not commonly used nowadays, are in brackets (). {{TOC right}}In generalDiacritical marks (such as ´ ` ^ etc above letters) are generally stripped, except that Å, Ä, Ö, are kept, and usually also Ü and É (but È and Á are written E and A). Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic and Faroese Æ and Ø are often written as AE or Ä and Ö, especially in the press. Foreign place names containing a direction such as South or Upper are often translated, e.g.: - East Timor - Östtimor
- Northern Ireland - Nordirland
- South Africa - Sydafrika
but U.S. states nowadays keep their English names in Sweden: - e.g. South Carolina and West Virginia
AlbaniaEnglish name | Local name (Albanian) | Swedish name |
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Albania | Shqipëri/Shqipëria | Albanien | Tirana | Tiranë | Tirana |
ArgentinaEnglish name | Local name (Spanish) | Swedish name |
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Patagonia | Patagonia | Patagonien | Tierra del Fuego | Tierra del Fuego | Eldslandet |
AustriaEnglish name | Local name (German) | Swedish name |
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Austria | Österreich | Österrike | Alps | Alpen | Alperna | Tyrol | Tirol | Tyrolen |
BelgiumEnglish name | Local name (Dutch/French) | Swedish name |
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Belgium | België/Belgique | Belgien | Bruges | Brugge/Bruges | Brygge | Brussels | Brussel/Bruxelles | Bryssel (Brüssel) | Ostend | Oostende/Ostende | Ostende | Ypres | Ieper/Ypres | Ypern |
BulgariaEnglish name | Local name (Bulgarian) | Swedish name |
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Bulgaria | Bâlgariya | Bulgarien | Balkan Mountains | Stara Planina | Balkanbergen | Danube | Dunav | Donau | Dobruja | Dobrudzha | Dobrudzja | Thrace | Trakiya | Thrakien |
ChinaEnglish name | Local name (Chinese) | Swedish name |
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China | Zhōngguó | Kina | Beijing | Běijīng | Peking or Beijing | Canton | Guangzhou | Kanton | Great Wall of China | Chángchéng | Kinesiska muren | Hong Kong | Xianggang | Hong Kong | Tiananmen Square | Tiān'ānmén Guǎngchǎng | Himmelska fridens torg |
Croatia English name | Local name (Croatian) | Swedish name |
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Croatia | Hrvatska | Kroatien | Dalmatia | Dalmacija | Dalmatien | Danube | Dunav | Donau | Istria | Istra | Istrien | Slavonia | Slavonija | Slavonien | |
CubaEnglish name | Local name (Spanish) | Swedish name |
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Cuba | Cuba | Kuba or Cuba | Havana | Habana | Havanna |
Czech RepublicEnglish name | Local name (Czech) | Swedish name |
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Czech Republic | Česká republika | Tjeckiska republiken/Tjeckien | Bohemia | Čechy | Böhmen | Elbe | Labe | Elbe | Moravia | Morava | Mähren | Prague | Praha | Prag | Silesia | Slezko | Schlesien |
DenmarkEnglish name | Local name (Danish) | Swedish name |
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Aabenraa | Aabenraa | Åbenrå | Aalborg | Aalborg | Ålborg | Aarhus | Aarhus | Århus | Elsinore | Helsingør | Helsingör | Copenhagen | København | Köpenhamn | Zealand | Sjælland | Själland |
Newspapers in Sweden usually write all æ as ä or ae and all ø as ö, because of the lack of æ and ø on the Windows keyboard layout for Swedish, and historically because of the lack of them on Swedish typewriters. Swedish newspapers normally write aa as å. Aa is the traditional spelling of the "aw" sound in Danish, but this spelling does not exist for this sound in Swedish. Both spellings of the sound exist in Danish, but aa is preferred for names. Swedish Wikipedia writes Danish place names using the original æ and ø, except for those listed above. EgyptEnglish name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
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Egypt | Miṣr or Maṣr | Egypten | Alexandria | al-Iskandariyya | Alexandria | Cairo | al-Qāhira | Kairo | Luxor | al-Uqṣur | Luxor | Nile | an-Nīl | Nilen |
EstoniaEstonia had a significant indigenous Swedish-speaking population until the mid-20th Century, so many of these names are not really exonyms in the strict sense of the word. English name | Local name (Estonian) | Swedish name |
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Estonia | Eesti | Estland | Haapsalu | Haapsalu | Hapsal | Hiiumaa | Hiiumaa | Dagö | Kärdla | Kärdla | (Kärrdal) | Osmussaar | Osmussaar | Odensholm | Pakri | Pakri | Rågö | Ruhnu | Ruhnu | Runö | Saaremaa | Saaremaa | Ösel | Tallinn | Tallinn | Tallinn (Lindanäs, Räffle, Reval) | Tartu | Tartu | Tartu (Dorpat) | Vormsi | Vormsi | Ormsö |
Faroe Islands English name | Local name | Swedish name |
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Faroe Islands | Føroyar | Färöarna | Tórshavn | Tórshavn | Torshamn or Tórshavn |
FinlandSwedish is one of the two official languages of Finland, so the Swedish names of places in Finland are not exonyms. {{see|Names of places in Finland in Finnish and in Swedish}} FranceEnglish name | Local name (French) | Swedish name |
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France | France | Frankrike | Alps | Alpes | Alperna | Aquitaine | Aquitaine | Akvitanien | Ardennes | Ardennes | Ardennerna | Burgundy | Bourgogne | Burgund | Corsica | Corse | Korsika | French Guiana | Guyane | Franska Guyana | New Caledonia | Nouvelle-Calédonie | Nya Kaledonien | Normandy | Normandie | Normandie or Normandiet | Pyrenees | Pyrénées | Pyrenéerna | Rhine | Rhin | Rhen |
GermanyEnglish name | Local name (German) | Swedish name |
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Germany | Deutschland | Tyskland | Alps | Alpen | Alperna | Gottorp | Gottorf | Gottorp | Rhine | Rhein | Rhen | Rhineland | Rheinland | Rhenlandet | Ruhr district | Ruhrgebiet | Ruhrområdet |
GreeceEnglish name | Local name (Greek) | Swedish name |
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Greece | Hellas | Grekland | Athens | Athina | Aten or Athen | Attica | Attiki | Attika | Boeotia | Viotia | Boiotien | Corfu | Kerkyra | Korfu | Corinth | Korinthos | Korinth | Crete | Kriti | Kreta | Cyclades | Kyklades | Kykladerna | Dodecanese | Dodekánisa | Dodekaneserna or Tolvöarna | Epirus | Ipeiros | Epirus | Euboea | Evvia | Euboia | Heraklion | Iraklio | Heraklion | Ionian Islands | Ionia nisia | Joniska öarna | Macedonia | Makedonía | Makedonien | Missolonghi | Mesolongi | Messolonghi | Naupactus | Nafpaktos | Naupaktos | Patras | Patra | Patras | Pireus | Peiraiás | Pireus | Rhodes | Rodos | Rhodos | Samothrace | Samothraki | Samothrake | Sparta | Sparti | Sparta | Thebes | Thivai | Thebe | Thessaloniki | Thessaloniki | Thessaloniki or Saloniki | Thessaly | Thessalia | Thessalien | Thrace | Thraki | Thrakien |
HungaryEnglish name | Local name (Hungarian) | Swedish name |
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Hungary | Magyarország | Ungern | Danube | Duna | Donau |
IcelandEnglish name | Local name (Icelandic) | Swedish name |
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Iceland | Ísland | Island | Heimaey | Heimaey | Hemön | Reykjavík | Reykjavík | Reykjavik | Vestmannaeyjar | Vestmannaeyjar | Västmannaöarna |
IraqEnglish name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
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Baghdad | Baġdād | Bagdad | Euphrates | al-Furāt | Eufrat | Tigris | Dijla | Tigris |
Israel and PalestineEnglish name | Local name (Hebrew/Arabic) | Swedish name |
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Acre | ‘Akko/‘Akkā | Akko | Bethlehem | Beyt Leḥem/Bayt Laḥm | Betlehem | Capernaum | Kfar Nahum/Talhum | Kafarnaum (Kapernaum) | Galilee | HaGalil/al-Jalīl | Galileen | Hebron | Ḥevron/al-Khalīl | Hebron | Jaffa | Yafo/Yaffa | Jaffa | Jericho | Yeriḥo/‘Arīḥā | Jeriko | Jerusalem | Yerushaláyim/al-Quds al-Sharif | Jerusalem | Judea | Yehuda/Yahudia | Judeen | Nazareth | Natzrat or Natzeret/al-Nāṣira or al-Naseriyye | Nasaret | Tiberias | Tverya/Ṭabariyya | Tiberias |
ItalyEnglish name | Local name (Italian) | Swedish name |
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Italy | Italia | Italien | Alps | Alpi | Alperna | Calabria | Calabria | Kalabrien | Campania | Campania | Kampanien | Florence | Firenze | Florens | Genoa | Genova | Genua | Liguria | Liguria | Ligurien | Lombardy | Lombardia | Lombardiet | Naples | Napoli | Neapel | Padua | Padova | Padua | Rome | Roma | Rom | Sardinia | Sardegna | Sardinien | Sicily | Sicilia | Sicilien | Syracuse | Siracusa | Syrakusa | Tiber | Tevere | Tibern | Turin | Torino | Turin | Tyrol | Tirolo | Tyrolen | Umbria | Umbria | Umbrien | Venice | Venezia | Venedig | Venetia | Veneto | Venetien | Vesuvius | Vesuvio | Vesuvius |
LatviaEnglish name | Local name (Latvian) | Swedish name |
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Latvia | Latvija | Lettland | Courland | Kurzeme | Kurland | Latgale | Latgale | Lettgallen | Zemgale | Zemgale | Semgallen |
LebanonEnglish name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
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Lebanon | al-Libnān | Libanon | Beirut | Bayrūt | Beirut | Sidon | Ṣaydā | Sayda (Sidon) | Tyre | Ṣūr | Tyros |
LithuaniaEnglish name | Local name (Lithuanian) | Swedish name |
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Lithuania | Lietuva | Litauen | Lithuania Minor | Mažoji Lietuva | Lilla Litauen | Samogitia | Žemaitija | Samogitien |
LuxembourgEnglish name | Local name (French/German/Luxembourgian) | Swedish name |
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Luxembourg | Luxembourg/Luxemburg/Lëtzebuerg | Luxemburg |
MexicoEnglish name | Local name (Spanish) | Swedish name |
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Mexico City | Ciudad de México | Mexico City |
MoroccoEnglish name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
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Morocco | al-Maġrib | Marocko | Casablanca | ed-Dah el-Biḍa | Casablanca | Marrakesh | Murrākuš | Marrakech | Tangier | Ṭanjah | Tanger |
The NetherlandsEnglish name | Local name (Dutch) | Swedish name |
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(The) Netherlands | Nederland | Nederländerna | The Hague | Den Haag | Haag | Rhine | Rijn | Rhen |
NorwayThe mutually intelligible Norwegian and Swedish languages have different spelling systems for the same sounds. Newspapers in Sweden usually write all æ as ä or ae and all ø as ö, because of the lack of æ and ø on the Windows keyboard layout for Swedish, and historically because of the lack of them on Swedish typewriters. Apart from æ and ø, the Norwegian spelling is used in Sweden. Examples include Askøy, Bodø, Bærum, Galdhøpiggen, Gjøvik, Hønefoss, Røros, Stjørdal, Tønsberg, Tromsø, Vadsø and Østfold, which are usually by media written as Asköy, Bodö, Bärum, Galdhöpiggen, Gjövik, Hönefoss, Röros, Stjördal, Tönsberg, Tromsö, Vadsö and Östfold. The Norwegian spelling with æ and ø is still often used. Swedish Wikipedia writes Norwegian place names using the original æ and ø. PolandEnglish name | Local name (Polish) | Swedish name |
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Poland | Polska | Polen | Carpathians | Karpaty | Karpaterna | Galicia | Galicja | Galizien | Gdańsk | Gdańsk | Gdansk (Danzig) | Masuria | Mazury | Masurien | Pomerania | Pomorze | Pommern | Silesia | Śląsk | Schlesien | Szczecin | Szczecin | Stettin | Warsaw | Warszawa | Warszawa (Varsjava, Warschau) |
PortugalEnglish name | Local name (Portuguese) | Swedish name |
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Lisbon | Lisboa | Lissabon |
Republic of IrelandEnglish name | Local name (English) | Swedish name |
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Republic of Ireland | (Republiken) Irland |
RomaniaEnglish name | Local name (Romanian) | Swedish name |
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Romania | România | Rumänien | Bucharest | Bucureşti | Bukarest | Carpathians | Carpați | Karpaterna | Danube | Dunărea | Donau | Dobruja | Dobrogea | Dobrudzja | Moldavia | Moldova | Moldavien | Transylvania | Transilvania | Transsylvanien | Wallachia | Țara Românească/Valahia | Valakiet |
RussiaEnglish name | Local name (Russian) | Swedish name |
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Russia | Rossiya | Ryssland | Bashkortostan | Bashkortostan | Basjkirien | Caucasus | Kavkaz | Kaukasien | Chechnya | Chechnya | Tjetjenien | Chukotka | Chukotka | Tjuktien | Chuvashia | Chuvashiya | Tjuvasjien | Ingria | Ingermanlandiya | Ingermanland | Ingushetia | Ingushetiya | Ingusjien | Kabardino-Balkaria | Kabardino-Balkariya | Kabardinien-Balkarien | Kalmykia | Kalmykiya | Kalmukien | Karachay-Cherkessia | Karachayevo-Cherkesiya | Karatjajen-Tjerkessien | Karelia | Kareliya | Karelen | Khakassia | Khakasiya | Chakassien | Mordovia | Mordoviya | Mordovien | North Ossetia-Alania | Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya | Nordossetien | Pechenga | Pechenga | Petsamo | Petrozavodsk | Petrozavodsk | Petrozavodsk or Petroskoj (Onegaborg) | Priozersk | Priozersk | Kexholm | Red Square | Krásnaya plóshchad | Röda torget | Saint Petersburg | Sankt Peterburg | Sankt Petersburg | Shlisselburg | Shlisselburg (Шлиссельбу́рг) | Nöteborg | Siberia | Sibir | Sibirien | Udmurtia | Udmurtiya | Udmurtien | Vyborg | Vyborg | Viborg | Zelenogorsk [Saint Petersburg suburb] | Zelenogorsk | Terijoki |
Some of these names are not really exonyms in the strict sense of the word, as the places have been part of Sweden, some founded as such. Saudi ArabiaEnglish name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
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Jeddah | Jidda | Jeddah | Mecca | Makkah | Mekka | Medina | al-Madīnah | Medina | Riyadh | ar-Riyāḍ | Riyadh |
SlovakiaEnglish name | Local name (Slovak) | Swedish name |
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Slovakia | Slovensko | Slovakien | Carpathians | Karpaty | Karpaterna | Danube | Dunaj | Donau |
South AfricaEnglish name | Local name (English/Afrikaans/Xhosa) | Swedish name |
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South Africa | South Africa/Suid-Afrika/uMzantsi Afrika | Sydafrika | Cape Town | Cape Town/Kaapstad/iKapa | Kapstaden |
SpainEnglish name | Local name (Spanish) | Swedish name |
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Spain | España | Spanien | Andalusia | Andalucía | Andalusien | Aragon | Aragón | Aragonien | Asturias | Asturias | Asturien | Balearic Islands | Islas Baleares (Catalan Illes Balears) | Balearerna | Basque Country | País Vasco (Basque Euskadi) | Baskien | Canary Islands | Islas Canarias | Kanarieöarna | Cantabria | Cantabria | Kantabrien | Castile-La Mancha | Castilla-La Mancha | Kastilien-La Mancha | Castile and León | Castilla y León | Kastilien och Leon | Catalonia | Cataluña (Catalan Catalunya) | Katalonien | Galicia | Galicia | Galicien | Pyrenees | Pireneos (Catalan Pirineus, Basque Pirinioak) | Pyrenéerna | Tenerife | Tenerife | Teneriffa |
SwitzerlandEnglish name | Local name (German/French/Italian) | Swedish name |
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Alps | Alpen/Alpes/Alpi | Alperna | Rhine | Rhein/Rhin/Reno | Rhen |
SyriaEnglish name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
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Syria | as-Sūrīyah | Syrien | Aleppo | Ḥalab | Aleppo | Damascus | Dimashq | Damaskus | Euphrates | al-Furāt | Eufrat |
TurkeyEnglish name | Local name (Turkish) | Swedish name |
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Turkey | Türkiye | Turkiet | Anatolia | Anadolu | Anatolien | Antioch | Antakya | Antiochia | Bosphorus | Boğaziçi/İstanbul Boğazı | Bosporen | Cappadocia | Kapadokya | Kappadokien | Cilicia | Kilikya | Kilikien | Dardanelles | Çanakkale Boğazı | Dardanellerna | Edirne (Adrianople) | Edirne | Edirne (Adrianopel) | Ephesus | Efes | Efesos | Euphrates | Fırat | Eufrat | Gallipoli | Gelibolu | Gallipoli | Halicarnassus | Halikarnas | Halikarnassos | Istanbul (Constantinople) | İstanbul (Kostantiniyye) | Istanbul (Stanbul) (Konstantinopel) (Miklagarðr/Miklagård (ancient Norse in the Viking age)) | Thrace | Trakya | Thrakien | Tigris | Dicle | Tigris | Trabzon (Trebizond) | Trabzon | Trabzon (Trapezunt) | Troy | Truva/Troia | Troja |
UkraineEnglish name | Local name (Ukrainian) | Swedish name |
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Ukraine | Ukrayina | Ukraina | Carpathians | Karpati | Karpaterna | Danube | Dunai | Donau | Galicia | Halychyna | Galizien | Kiev | Kyiv | Kiev |
United KingdomEnglish name | Local name (English) | Swedish name |
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United Kingdom | Förenade kungadömet Storbritannien is preferred for the country | Great Britain | Storbritannien | British Virgin Islands | Brittiska Jungfruöarna | Hebrides | Hebriderna | Inner Hebrides | Inre Hebriderna | Northern Ireland | Nordirland | Orkney | Orkneyöarna | Outer Hebrides | Yttre Hebriderna | Scotland | Skottland | Shetland | Shetlandsöarna | Thames | Themsen |
Some historic area names beginning with British are translated, such as British Guyana into "Brittiska Guyana". British Columbia in Canada is nowadays kept. United States of AmericaEnglish name | Local name (English) | Swedish name |
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Appalachian Mountains | Appalacherna | California | Kalifornien | the Midwest | Mellanvästern | Rocky Mountains | Klippiga bergen | Southern United States | Sydstaterna | U.S. Virgin Islands | Amerikanska Jungfruöarna |
See also- List of European exonyms
- Names of European cities in different languages
{{Exonyms per language}} 2 : Swedish language|Lists of exonyms |