| 词条 | Sydney Mines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|official_name = Sydney Mines |other_name =Gaelic: Mèinnean Shidni |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Community |motto = |image_skyline = Combat naval de Louisbourg 1781.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Naval Battle off Sydney Mines |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |pushpin_map = Nova Scotia |pushpin_label_position = left |pushpin_map_caption = Location of Sydney Mines, Nova Scotia |pushpin_mapsize = 250 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Canada |subdivision_type1 = Provinces of Canada |subdivision_name1 = Nova Scotia |subdivision_type2 = Regional Municipality |subdivision_name2 = Cape Breton Regional Municipality |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title2 = Incorporated Town |established_date2 = 1889 |established_title3 = Dissolved |established_date3 = August 1, 1995 |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |population_as_of = 2011 |population_footnotes = From Statistics Canada |population_note = |population_total = 14135 |timezone = AST |utc_offset = -4 |timezone_DST = ADT |utc_offset_DST = -3 |coordinates = {{coord|46|14|15|N|60|13|10|W|region:CA-NS|display=inline,title}} |postal_code_type =Canadian Postal code |postal_code = B1V |area_code = 902 |blank_name = Telephone Exchange |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }} Sydney Mines (Scottish Gaelic: Mèinnean Shidni) is a community and former town in Canada's Nova Scotia's Cape Breton Regional Municipality. Founded in 1784 and incorporated as a town in 1889, Sydney Mines has a rich history in coal production, although mining activity has now ceased. Prior to a permanent settlement being established, there was significant activity along the shore. Sydney Mines was also home to a large steel company that was named SCOTIA it was the modern to its day between the Sydney Steel Plant (DISCO) and the Sydney Mines Steel Plant (SCOTIA) they produced 50% of Canada's steel during World War I. HistoryDuring the American Revolution, on November 1, 1776, John Paul Jones - the father of the American Navy - set sail in command of Alfred to free hundreds of American prisoners working in the area's coal mines. Although winter conditions prevented the freeing of the prisoners, the mission did result in the capture of Mellish, a vessel carrying a vital supply of winter clothing intended for John Burgoyne's troops in Canada. Major Timothy Hierlihy and his regiment on board HMS Hope worked in and protected from privateer attacks on the coal mines at Sydney Cape Breton.[1] Sydney Cape Breton provided a vital supply of coal for Halifax throughout the war. The British began developing the mining site at Sydney Mines in 1777. On 14 May 1778, Major Hierlihy arrived at Cape Breton. While there, Hierlihy reported that he “beat off many piratical attacks, killed some and took other prisoners.”[2][3] A few years into the war there was also a naval engagement between French ships and a British convoy off Sydney, Nova Scotia, near Spanish River (1781), Cape Breton.[4] French ships (fighting with the Americans) were re-coaling and defeated a British convoy. Six French sailors were killed and 17 British, with many more wounded. Sydney Mines lies immediately northeast of North Sydney and faces Sydney across Sydney Harbour. Sydney Mines was once a major coal-producing community. Mining began locally in 1766, and in 1830 systematic operations were undertaken. One of the area mines extended about 5 miles (8 km) out under the sea. The last mine was closed in 1975. Sydney Mines is on the northern side of Sydney Harbor, near the mouth. It was earlier known as the Mines due to the coal mines abundant nearby. Although mining has been carried on since 1724, the first shaft for the General Mining Association in Sydney Mines was sunk in 1830. Manufacturing enterprises included corrugated steel culverts and the British Canadian Co-operative Society Limited, operating a dairy and a bakery. Sydney Mines was the filming location for the 1981 horror movie My Bloody Valentine. ClimateSydney Mines experiences cool summers. The summer can be very cool at times due to the fact Sydney Mines borders the cool North Atlantic Ocean. Day time highs rarely exceed 20 degrees Celsius. During Summer nights temperatures can become very cold with the average lows being around 10 degrees Celsius, although cold winds can make it seem much colder. Sydney Mines experiences cold, windy, wet, snowy and very stormy winters. Although low in latitude compared to the rest of Canada and bordering the ocean. Sydney Mines borders the very cold Labrador ocean current. This causes for a cold and very snowy winter. Day time highs during the winter usually stick around minus 2 degrees Celsius but due to the fact Sydney Mines lies around the polar jet stream they can experience arctic outbreaks and very warm thaws at times. Sydney Mines much like the rest of Atlantic Canada is one of the warmest areas in Canada during the winter, but they do receive the most snow storms compared to the rest of Canada. Cold arctic temperatures meeting up with the warm gulf stream forms one of the most powerful storms in the world. Many people who live in Eastern Canada know the term Nor'easter. Nor'easter's can dump huge amounts of snow to Sydney Mines and the rest of Atlantic Canada. {{Weather box|location = Sydney Mines, Nova Scotia, Canada |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan maximum humidex = 18.2 |Feb maximum humidex = 19.0 |Mar maximum humidex = 24 |Apr maximum humidex = 26.0 |May maximum humidex = 36.8 |Jun maximum humidex = 43.4 |Jul maximum humidex = 41.8 |Aug maximum humidex = 41.9 |Sep maximum humidex = 38.9 |Oct maximum humidex = 30.4 |Nov maximum humidex = 25.5 |Dec maximum humidex = 18.5 |year maximum humidex = 43.4 |Jan record high C = 16.9 |Feb record high C = 18.0 |Mar record high C = 24 |Apr record high C = 27.2 |May record high C = 31.1 |Jun record high C = 34.4 |Jul record high C = 33.9 |Aug record high C = 35.5 |Sep record high C = 32.3 |Oct record high C = 25.0 |Nov record high C = 22.2 |Dec record high C = 16.7 |year record high C = 35.5 |Jan high C = −1.1 |Feb high C = −1.5 |Mar high C = 1.5 |Apr high C = 6.6 |May high C = 13.1 |Jun high C = 18.6 |Jul high C = 23.1 |Aug high C = 22.9 |Sep high C = 18.8 |Oct high C = 12.6 |Nov high C = 7.3 |Dec high C = 2.1 |year high C = 10.3 |Jan mean C = -5.4 |Feb mean C = -5.9 |Mar mean C = -2.6 |Apr mean C = 2.5 |May mean C = 7.9 |Jun mean C = 13.2 |Jul mean C = 17.9 |Aug mean C = 18.0 |Sep mean C = 14.0 |Oct mean C = 8.5 |Nov mean C = 3.8 |Dec mean C = -1.5 |year mean C = 5.9 |Jan low C = −9.6 |Feb low C = −10.3 |Mar low C = −6.7 |Apr low C = −1.6 |May low C = 2.7 |Jun low C = 7.7 |Jul low C = 12.6 |Aug low C = 13.1 |Sep low C = 9.1 |Oct low C = 4.3 |Nov low C = 0.2 |Dec low C = −5.0 |year low C = 1.4 |Jan record low C = −26.2 |Feb record low C = −27.3 |Mar record low C = −25.6 |Apr record low C = −14.6 |May record low C = −7.8 |Jun record low C = −3.9 |Jul record low C = 2.2 |Aug record low C = 2.8 |Sep record low C = −1.7 |Oct record low C = −5.6 |Nov record low C = −12.0 |Dec record low C = −22.2 |year record low C = -27.3 |Jan chill = -42.6 |Feb chill = -41.1 |Mar chill = -34.3 |Apr chill = -21.4 |May chill = -11.3 |Jun chill = -6.1 |Jul chill = 0.0 |Aug chill = 0.0 |Sep chill = -5.1 |Oct chill = -10.5 |Nov chill = -19.3 |Dec chill = -31.3 |year chill = -42.6 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 152.5 |Feb precipitation mm = 128.1 |Mar precipitation mm = 130.0 |Apr precipitation mm = 133.3 |May precipitation mm = 103.2 |Jun precipitation mm = 96.9 |Jul precipitation mm = 88.5 |Aug precipitation mm = 100.2 |Sep precipitation mm = 118.7 |Oct precipitation mm = 142.9 |Nov precipitation mm = 156.0 |Dec precipitation mm = 167.0 |year precipitation mm = 1517.2 |rain colour = green |Jan rain mm = 80.5 |Feb rain mm = 63.8 |Mar rain mm = 83.2 |Apr rain mm = 112.2 |May rain mm = 100.9 |Jun rain mm = 96.9 |Jul rain mm = 88.5 |Aug rain mm = 100.2 |Sep rain mm = 118.7 |Oct rain mm = 142.2 |Nov rain mm = 144.0 |Dec rain mm = 111.2 |year rain mm = 1242.4 |snow colour = green |Jan snow cm = 74.3 |Feb snow cm = 65.3 |Mar snow cm = 48.1 |Apr snow cm = 21.4 |May snow cm = 2.3 |Jun snow cm = 0.0 |Jul snow cm = 0.0 |Aug snow cm = 0.0 |Sep snow cm = 0.0 |Oct snow cm = 0.62 |Nov snow cm = 12.4 |Dec snow cm = 58.5 |year snow cm = 283.0 |unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm |Jan precipitation days = 20.6 |Feb precipitation days = 16.5 |Mar precipitation days = 16.6 |Apr precipitation days = 15.8 |May precipitation days = 14.5 |Jun precipitation days = 14.0 |Jul precipitation days = 11.7 |Aug precipitation days = 12.7 |Sep precipitation days = 13.5 |Oct precipitation days = 15.9 |Nov precipitation days = 18.1 |Dec precipitation days = 21.0 |year precipitation days = 191.0 |unit rain days = 0.2 mm |Jan rain days = 8.4 |Feb rain days = 7.3 |Mar rain days = 9.5 |Apr rain days = 13.0 |May rain days = 14.1 |Jun rain days = 14.0 |Jul rain days = 11.7 |Aug rain days = 12.7 |Sep rain days = 13.5 |Oct rain days = 15.8 |Nov rain days = 15.4 |Dec rain days = 11.5 |year rain days = 146.9 |unit snow days = 0.2 cm |Jan snow days = 16.6 |Feb snow days = 12.6 |Mar snow days = 11.0 |Apr snow days = 5.6 |May snow days = 0.83 |Jun snow days = 0.0 |Jul snow days = 0.0 |Aug snow days = 0.0 |Sep snow days = 0.0 |Oct snow days = 0.62 |Nov snow days = 5.4 |Dec snow days = 14.2 |year snow days = 66.8 |Jan sun = 91.0 |Feb sun = 111.6 |Mar sun = 132.9 |Apr sun = 141.0 |May sun = 198.0 |Jun sun = 224.6 |Jul sun = 246.9 |Aug sun = 228.4 |Sep sun = 167.1 |Oct sun = 130.1 |Nov sun = 77.0 |Dec sun = 68.2 |year sun = 1816.7 |Jan percentsun = 32.4 |Feb percentsun = 38.3 |Mar percentsun = 36.1 |Apr percentsun = 34.7 |May percentsun = 42.7 |Jun percentsun = 47.7 |Jul percentsun = 51.8 |Aug percentsun = 52.0 |Sep percentsun = 44.3 |Oct percentsun = 38.3 |Nov percentsun = 27.1 |Dec percentsun = 25.3 |year percentsun = 39.2 |source 1 = Environment Canada (1981-2010){{sfnp|Environment Canada|2012a}}{{refn|group="Note"|Sydney's climatic information in the above table are from Sydney Airport (CYQY) for the period 1981-2010. The extreme high and low temperatures are combined from the Airport's long-term records, that start in 1941.{{sfnp|Environment Canada|2012b}}}} }} Education
Sydney Mines has one elementary school, Jubilee Elementary (home to the Johnny Miles Gym), one middle school, Sydney Mines Middle School, one high school, Memorial Composite High School. LandmarksIn front of Jubilee Elementary on Main Street, there is a bronze statue of Johnny Miles in a running pose. There is a script on it with a small quote and the dates Johnny Miles won the Boston Marathon. In front of the John J. Nugent Firemen's Centre on Elliot Street (across from the fire station), there is a firefighter statue which resembles all the past fire chiefs of the Sydney Mines Volunteer Fire Department. Notes1. ^C. J. MacGillivray. Timothy Hierlihy and his Times: The story of the Founder of Antigonish, N.S. Nova Scotia Historical Society., p.40 2. ^C. J. MacGillivray. Timothy Hierlihy and his Times: The story of the Founder of Antigonish, N.S. Nova Scotia Historical Society., p.42 3. ^Maj.-Gen. Eyre Massey to General Sir Henry Clinton. 13 June 1778 4. ^Thomas B. Akins. (1895) History of Halifax. Dartmouth: Brook House Press.p. 82 5. ^ , Censuses 1871-1941 6. ^ , Census 1941-1951 7. ^Census 1956-1961 References 5 : Communities in the Cape Breton Regional Municipality|Former towns in Nova Scotia|Mining communities in Nova Scotia|General Service Areas in Nova Scotia|Populated places disestablished in 1995 |
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